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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lipoprotein
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Central core of lipids (TGs sand Cholesterol esters)
Outer case of Phospholipids, free cholesterol, proteins (apoproteins) |
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Classes of Lipoproteins
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Chylocmicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL
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Chylomicrons
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large diameter
TGs from diet |
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VLDLs
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smaller diameter
Rich in endogenous TGs |
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IDLs
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Cholesterol and TGs
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LDLs
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carry plasma cholesterol
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HDLs
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very small in diameter
very little cholesterol Rich in Apoproteins |
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Hyperlididemia
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&uarr plasma lipids
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Hypercholesterolemia
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&uarr LDL
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Hypertriglyceridemia (Hyperlipemia)
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&uarr VLDL
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Mixed Hyperlipidemia
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&uarr LDL
&uarr VLDL |
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&uarr Risk of Coronary Artery Disease
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&uarr LDL
&darr HDL Hypertriglyceridemia (&uarr VLDL) |
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Desirable Plasma Cholesterol
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Total = < 200 mg/dl
LDL = < 130 mg/dl |
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Borderline High Plasma Cholesterol
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Total = 200-239
LDL = 130-159 |
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High Plasma Cholesterol
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Total = > 240
LDL = >160 |
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Moderate Risk pts
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&darr LDL to < 100 mg/dl
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High Risk pts
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&darr LDL to < 70 mg/dl
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HDLs (High Density Lipoproteins)
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Contain proteins and a little cholesterol
Secreted into plasma where it acquires cholesterol Cholesterol removal from arterial cells may be responsible for Antiatherogenic Effect Cholesterol esters from HDL transferred to LDL |
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HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
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Atrovastatin (Lipitor)
Lovastatin Pravastatin Fluvastatin Simvastatin Rosuvastatin |
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HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
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&darr cholesterol synthesis
1st pass hepatic extraction *Most effective in &darr LDL* Small &darr TGs Small &uarr HDL 1st line of txt after MI Hypercholesterolemia and Mixed Hyperlipidemia Adverse: Hepatitis, Myalgia |
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Niacin (Nicotinic Acid)
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&darr VLDL
&darr LDL Inhibits lipolysis &uarr HDL Mixed Hyperlipidemia Adverse: Useful only in large doses (vasodilation, skin flushing, pruritis) Can pretxt with Aspirin Tachyphylaxis to skin flushing &uarr serum trasaminase, GI distress, glucose intolerance, hyperuricemia Avoid: pts w liver disease, peptic ulcer, gout, diabetes |
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Fibric Acid Derivatives
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Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate Clofibrate |
