Husmann- Connective Tissue

Front 1

what are the components of all connective tissue?

Back 1

fiber, cells, extracellular matrix.

Front 2

What is extracellular matrix?

Back 2

Extracellular matrix is made up of ground substance and fibers

Front 3

what is ground substance?

Back 3

Ground substance is made up of extracellular proteins.

Front 4

what is type 1 collagen found in?

Back 4

main type of collagen found in bone, CT and teeth.

Front 5

what is type 2 collagen found in?

Back 5

found in cartilage

Front 6

what is type 3 collagen found in?

Back 6

reticular fibers

Front 7

what is type 4 collagen found in?

Back 7

basement membrane

Front 8

what is type 7 collagen found in?

Back 8

Connects basement membrane to extracellular matrix.

Front 9

what are MMPs and what is their function?

Back 9

4) Collagen can be broken down by matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). If fiber is damaged MMPs will engulf (phagocytosis) and break collagen down. This happens when there is sun damage.

Front 10

what are reticular fibers?

Back 10

5) Reticular fibers are made up of type 3 collagen. They are found in loose connective tissue and mostly produced by fibroblasts.

Front 11

what is cirrhosis and when does it occur?

Back 11

When there is damage to the liver, you have the inflammation of reticular fibers which will then be replaced by collagen fibers. This scarring and disarray of the cells makes it difficult for the blood to move through the liver. This is called Cirrhosis.

Front 12

what is elastic fiber?

Back 12

6) Elastic fibers have an elastic core with a fibrillin structure. Fibrillin is deposited first and then elastin is deposited and then an elastin core with fibrillin micro structure on the outside.

Front 13

what is marphans syndrome and what can it lead to?

Back 13

Marfan’s Syndrome is where you lose the fibrillin microstructure in elastic fiber and it is too stretchy and can cause aortic anurisem.

Front 14

what kind of cells are found in connective tissue?

Back 14

fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, Mast cells, lymphocytes, neutrophills and esinophills.

Front 15

what kind of cells in connective tissue are there to stay?

Back 15

fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes and Mast cells.

Front 16

what kind of cells in connective tissue wander?

Back 16

lymphocytes, neutrophills and esinophills.

Front 17

what do fibroblasts do?

Back 17

Synthesize fibers and ground substance. They have a long skinny oval shape.

Front 18

what do macrophages do?

Back 18

1. Phagocytic, digestive and secretory functions. These cells have and oval or kidney shaped nucleus. Look in lungs.

Front 19

what do adipocytes do?

Back 19

1. These are fat cells that store fat but also synthesize hormones, growth factors, and inflammatory mediators. The nucleus is pushed to the sirde and a lipid droplet replaces pushes it.

Front 20

what do mast cells do?

Back 20

They are activated during alergic reactions. They release granules of histamine and heprin when activated.

Front 21

what is histamine?

Back 21

Histamine increases contraction of vessels, permeability of vessels and increases mucous production.

Front 22

what is heprin?

Back 22

Heprin is an anticoagulant.

Front 23

what are the types of connective tissues?

Back 23

loose, dense regular, dense irregular, and adipose

Front 24

what is loose connective tissue?

Back 24

9) Loose connective tissue is low in fibers and ground substance and cells. This is good for diffusion. Found beneath epithelia.

Front 25

what is dense irregular connective tissue and where is it found?

Back 25

a. Dense Irregular Connective Tissue is high in fibers and low in ground substance and high in cells. These cells resist stretching and are found in the submucosa of GI and skin.

Front 26

what is dense regular connective tissue and where is it found?

Back 26

b. Dense regular connective tissue is really high in fibers, low in cels and very very low in ground substance. Very strong and are found in tendons and ligaments. Very good for strength and very bad for diffusion.

Front 27

what is adipose tissue?

Back 27

10) Adipose tissue is used for energy storage/metabolism, insulation, endocrine, and cushioning. White adipose tissue is found in adults and regulates leptin levels which lower appetite and higher metabolism.

Front 28

what is brown adipose tissue?

Back 28

Brown adipose tissue is found in children and used for heat production. This is found in children because they lack muscles. Brown adipose tissue have tiny droplets of fat in them.

Front 29

can you develop insensitivity to leptin?

Back 29

yes