Hundred Years War

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Hundred Years War

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1337-1453

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July 1346

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Edward mounted a major invasion across the Channel, landing in the Cotentin. The English army captured Caen in just one day, surprising the French who had expected the city to hold out much longer.

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Battle of Crécy

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complete disaster for the French, largely credited to the English longbowmen and the French king, who allowed his army to attack before they were ready

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Battle of Poitiers

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won by Black Prince

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First peace

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1360-1369

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start of war again/treaty of Brétigny

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The Treaty of Brétigny had made Edward renounce his claim to the French crown. At the same time it greatly expanded his territory in Aquitaine and confirmed his conquest of Calais. In reality, Edward never renounced his claim to the French crown, and Charles made a point of retaking Edward's new territory as soon as he ascended to the throne. In 1369, on the pretext that Edward III had failed to observe the terms of the treaty of Brétigny, Charles declared war once again.

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French ascendancy under Charles V

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1369–1389

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1376

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death of black prince

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1377

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Edward III

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Second peace

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1389–1415

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Resumption of the war under Henry V:

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1415–1429

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Valoisian victory

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1429–1453

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1449

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French had retaken Rouen

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An insoluble problem for English commanders

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age of siege warfare, the more territory that was occupied, the greater the requirements for garrisons

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Salisbury's army at Orleans consisted of only 5,000 men

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nsufficient not only to invest the city but also numerically inferior to French forces within and without the city.

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nationalism

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The Hundred Years' War accelerated the process of transforming France from a feudal monarchy to a centralised state. The conflict became one of not just English and French kings but one between the English and French peoples

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-treaty of troyes

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1420- charles VI weak king so Henry V would nearly secure. but england only ruled N france as treaty not fully realised.

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1422

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henry V died-leaving a 9 month old.