Humanities Vocab: Judaism & Rise Of Christianity

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Covenant

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In Judaism and Christianity, a solemn and binding agreement or contract between God and his followers

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Diaspora

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From the Greek, “to scatter”; the dispersion of the Jews from their homeland in ancient Palestine, a process that began with the Babylonian Captivity in the 6th century bce and continued over the centuries

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Eschatology

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The concern with final events or the end of the world, belief popular in Jewish and early Christian communities and linked to the concept of the coming of a Messiah

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Apocalypse

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In Jewish and early Christian thought, the expectation and hope of the coming of God and his final judgment; also closely identified with the last book of the New Testament; Revelation, in which many events are foretold, often in highly symbolic and imaginative terms

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Messiah

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A Hebrew word meaning “the anointed one,” or one chosen by God to be his representative on earth; in Judaism, a savior who will come bringing peace and justice; in Christianity, Jesus Christ (Christ is derived from a Greek word meaning “the anointed one”)

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Scripture

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The sacred writings of any religion, as the Bible in Judaism and Christianity

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Gospels

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The first four books of the New Testament (Matthew, Mark, Luke and John), which record the life and sayings of Jesus Christ; the word itself, from Old English, means “good news” or “good tales”

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Evangelists

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From the Greek evangelion, a term generally used fro those who preach the

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Christian religion

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more specifically, the four evangelists, Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John, who wrote about Jesus Christ soon after his death in the first four books of the New Testament

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Theology

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The application of philosophy to the study of religious truth, focusing especially on the nature of the deity and the origin and teachings of an organized religious community

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Liturgy

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A rite or ritual, such as prayers or ceremonies, practiced by a religious group in public worship

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Sarcophagus

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From the Greek meaning “flesh-eating”; a marble or stone coffin or tomb, usually decorated with carvings, used first by Romans and later by Christians for burial of the dead