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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Epic of Gilgamesh:
Protagonist? Themes/Main Ideas? |
Protagonist: Gilgamesh
Themes:immortality, demi-god heroes, adventures, Gods, |
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Monotheistic vs Polytheistic
Mesopotamia Primarily? |
Mesopotamia primarily: Poly
Polytheistic: Created Gods Monotheistic: Creator God |
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What is cuneiform?
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– Wedge Shaped
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Characteristics of Naturalism:
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Art - Representations that imitate the reality in appearance of natural objects
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Characteristics of Stylization:
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- More abstract, may depict perfection, as opposed to realistic flaws
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What is a dynasty
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– Family of Kings
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Importance of Pyramids?
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-Tombs
-Show wealth -Store possessions for return to body |
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What was a pharaoh?
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– Almost God
- King - Holy King |
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What was the Mummification process?
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Wealthy people, preserve body for return after death.
Organs extracted Body Embalmed |
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What are canopic jars?
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Jars that stored the organs of those that were mummified
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what is Hierarchical proportion?
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Most Important Person is Bigger
(in Art) |
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what is Composite view /Twisted Perspective?
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Egyptian Painting – Face in Profile, Body facing forward
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Importance of stone in Egyptian sculpture?
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-Stone is forever
-Immortality |
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Minoan Culture Characteristics:
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– Merchants (of Crete)
– No Walls |
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Mycenaean culture Characteristics:
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– Warriors
- Walls |
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What is a polis?
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-Greek for City–State
– Every city is own state |
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What is an agora?
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The central market place in greek cities
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Strengths of Athens?
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-Democracy
- Culture - Philosophy |
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Strengths of Sparta?
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-War
-War Camp |
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Characteristics of Doric Columns?
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-Masculine
-Big -Plain |
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Characteristics of Ionic columns?
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-Feminine
-Leaner -Smaller -Decorated Scroll Caps |
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Characteristics of Corinthian columns?
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-Most elaborate
-Capital decorated with acanthus leaves |
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Socrates
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Never wrote his philosophy, wrote by Plato
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Plato
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-Student of Socrates
-Wrote The Republic -Theory of Forms -Idealism |
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Aristotle
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-Student of Plato
-Empirical observation of nature - Senses |
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What is the Origin of Greek Theatre?
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Celebration of Dionysus
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What is a Skene?
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Greek Theater:
Behind stage, before actors go on |
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What is an orchestra?
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Greek Theater:
Circle where people would dance in celebration |
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Alexander the Great
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- Beginning of Hellenistic Age(1st Century)
– Went all the way to India-Hellenistic age Follows his death |
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Why was it called the Hellenistic Age?.
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Greeks called themselves "Helens"
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Catharsis
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Purging of the Soul
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Feudalism
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– Serfs/Lords
– System of Gifts – Land for Military Service |
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Fief
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Land given in Feudalism
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Groin Vault
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-– Two Crossing Arches
-Used by Romans |
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Calligraphy
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Attractive Writing
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Basilica
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– Rectangular building used for municipal activities
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Post and Lintel
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Two posts and horizontal beams used by Greeks (TTTTTT)
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Catacombs
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– Underground Christian cemetary
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Sappho
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–Female Greek Poet
-Island of Lesbos |
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Mihrab
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commemorates the spot at Medina where Muhammad planted his lance to indicate the direction in which people should pray
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Purpose of Gargoyles?
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Water Spouts
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What were the crusades?
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Holy Warfare
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Kore
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A freestanding sculpture of a standing maiden
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Kouros
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A freestanding sculpture of a nude male youth
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Tympanum
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The space created under the portal arch.
-Semi Circle |
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Voussoir
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Wedge shaped block used to form an arch or vault
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Rose Window
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A round window with mullions (framing elements) webbing out like rose petals
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Dome of the Rock
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-In old Jerusalem
-Was Church -Now a Mosque |
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Hubris
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- Greek Tragedy'
– Too Much Pride |
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Lancets
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Another word for arches
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Flying Buttresses
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Support for the roof
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Characteristics of Gothic Cathedral:
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-Gargoyles
-Rose Window -Lancets |
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Characteristics of the doors of the Romanesque Cathedral:
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Tympanum
– Semicircular Archivolt Lintel |
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Social system predominant during the middle ages
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Feudalism
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Muezzin
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-The crier
- person who calls the faithful for prayer in Islam |
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ISLAM:
the meaning of the word Islam |
Submission to God
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ISLAM:
The birthplace of Muhammed |
Mecca
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What is pendentive?
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– Like Piece of Pie Shaped to put dome on square
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Church of Hagia Sophia
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(Holy Wisdom) in Constantinople (Istanbul)
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The mass appeal of Christianity:
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-Afterlife
-Salvation -Classless |
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Covenant
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Promise to God
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The nature of God in Judaism –
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Monotheistic - Creator
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Importance of Atrium in Roman House
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-No Roof in this Spot
-Pool - Collects water |
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Ruins of Pompeii and Herculaneum and their importance.
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Covered in Lava by Vesuvius and Preserved them
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Dome-Pantheon
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Temple to All Gods (Rome)
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Aqueduct
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Formed by arches next to eachother
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Barrel Vault
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Formed by arches placed back to back
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Main Stone in Arches at Top
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-Keystone
-Wedge Shaped |
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Characteristic of Hellenistic Sculptures:
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-Perfection
-The ideal figure |
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Importance of Concrete
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–Durable
-Build Higher/Faster |
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Roman Architecture main characteristics
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– Arches
– Hold More Weight -Less Space Taken Up |
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Three Stages of Rome
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-Monarchy
-Republic -Empire |
