Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Mesopotamia
|
"land between rivers" Tigris-Euphrates river system
|
|
|
Euphrates River
|
Defines Mesopotamia river, in Western Asia, longest river,
|
|
|
Tigris River
|
Defines Mesopotamia river, runs along with the Euphrates river.
|
|
|
Fertile Crescent
|
Crescent shaped piece of land with the most fertile land, it covers Mesopotamia, Euphrates and Tigris rivers. Biblical Land, Assyrians, Sumerians, settled here.
|
|
|
Uruk
|
Ancient city of Babylon center of Assyrian empire. Gilgamesh is king here.
|
|
|
Cuneiform
|
Wedge or nail shaped marks, stylus was pressed into wet clay, priest scribes. Used for over 3000 years.
|
|
|
Sumerians
|
Were record keepers, founded Mesopotamia and civilized it between 3500 and 3000 BCE, polytheistic.
|
|
|
2700 BCE
|
Date of Gilgamesh
|
|
|
The Euphronios Krater
|
-Photo- Sarpedon is dead, sleep and death carry him with Hermes standing behind. Made for mixing wine and water made in 515 BCE. The potter and painter both signed it (Euthyax.) Sarpedon is 1/2 human 1/2 God.
|
|
|
The Ziggurats at Uruk and Ur
|
Sunbaked mud brick stuck together with asphalt. A temple is on top; higher for people to be closer to the Gods. Surplus and records were stored up here.
|
|
|
The Bull-headed Lyre
|
Gilgamesh is found on it fighting animals. An instrument with a bull head on the front. Made out of a precious stone. Decorated with gold around it as well.
|
|
|
Cylinder Seals
|
A cylinder rolled into clay to create art, a seal.
|
|
|
Cuneiform Tablets
|
Refer back to "cuneiform" very detailed with markings
|
|
|
Hebrew Bible
|
[Jewish name] contains, The Law: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deutronomy. The Prophets, and The Writings.
|
|
|
Torah
|
[Christian name] physical scrolls of the Hebrew Bible, first 5 books. [Means the beginnings]
|
|
|
Decalogue/Ten Commandments
|
Set of biblical principles relating to ethics and worships. [you shall not murder, steal, etc.]
|
|
|
Lex Talionis
|
Law of retaliation given in the law of Moses: Eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth, etc.
|
|
|
Law Code of Hammurabi
|
Eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth
|
|
|
Genesis
|
The beginning, creation, flood, Adam and Eve.
|
|
|
Exodus
|
"The road out" Moses leads Israelites out of Egypt.
|
|
|
Theogony
|
From chaos came darkness (black night) earth bore heaven. Processed involved birth, chaos, love, Earth, tartarus. Gods are created, by the world.
|
|
|
Etiology
|
Explanation of the Jewish Sabbath. Story of the origins of important events. [pain in child birth etc.]
|
|
|
Covenant
|
A binding agreement. Promise from God. [God providing rainbow to promise he would never flood the world again] Mentioned 13 times in Genesis.
|
|
|
Abraham
|
Originally Abram, God changed his name and made a covenant to protect Abraham and his extending family. His covenants outward sign was circumcision. Had 3 sons, each founded a religion.
|
|
|
Isaac
|
Abraham and Sarah's son, Abraham chose Isaac over Ishmael. He's the youngest son. Died at 180 years old.
|
|
|
Ishmael
|
Abraham and housemaid oldest son.
|
|
|
Jacob
|
Isaac and Rebekah's son (chosen over Esau) [youngest son] Has 12 sons.
|
|
|
Esau
|
Issac and Rebekah's oldest son. Gave birth rights to Isaac for food. Was a war leader [hunted]
|
|
|
Joseph
|
Son of Jacob, sold by slavery from his jealous brothers, became the 2nd most powerful man in Egypt. Could read peoples dreams, read Pharaoh's dreams.
|
|
|
Moses
|
In Exodus, a prophet, was ordered to be murdered but but was adopted. God ordered him back to Egypt and sent the 10 plagues, was the messenger of God. Made 10 commandments. [fugitive]
|
|
|
Aaron
|
Older brother of Moses, prophet of God. To become First High Priest of the Israelites.
|
|
|
Francois Vase
|
Discovered in Etruscan tomb, was shattered to pieces and reassembled. [funeral games are on it, horses, and tripod]
|
|
|
Aegean
|
A sea between Greece and Turkey
|
|
|
Mycenae
|
Located in Greece, near Athens.
|
|
|
Troy
|
Located in Turkey
|
|
|
Crete
|
Below Greece
|
|
|
Homer
|
Who is he? Possible Author/narrative of Homer in Iliad? Was said to be blind. 750 BCE from Ionia
|
|
|
Dactylic Hexameter
|
Written composition of the Iliad. [poetic meter] meant to be sung on the lyre [6 strings, 6 lines]
|
|
|
in medias res
|
How the Iliad begins.
|
|
|
Ring Composition
|
Story within a story that comes back to the beginning. It's a cycle and narrative technique.
|
|
|
[Homeric] Simile
|
comparisons with like and as, really long in the Iliad.
ex: "friend comes up to someone saying you look like a little girl weeping.." *know and example of one* |
|
|
Heroic Code
|
You have to do a lot of great things, die tragedy [kleos] (most kill a lot of people for prizes)
|
|
|
Kleos (glory)
|
-glory- if your prize is taken away then you can lose it. But if you die with kleos it can be passed on to son.
|
|
|
Ekphrasis
|
Ex: Achilleus' shield. Greek description of a work of art. Humans cannot see all of it, too much detail, only Gods.
|
|
|
Zeus
|
King of all Gods. Married off Hera, then Thetus. [turns into a swan]
|
|
|
Aphrodite
|
Goddess of love. Most fairest of the Gods. Won the judgment of Paris [most beautiful]
|
|
|
Hera
|
Queen of the Gods.
|
|
|
Athena
|
Goddess of wisdom, daughter of Zeus. Attaches to Zeus more than her mom because she came out of his head.
|
|
|
Eris (strife)
|
Goddess of chaos.
|
|
|
Peleus
|
Father of Achilleus [human]
|
|
|
Thetis
|
Mother of Achilleus, a sea nymph
|
|
|
Achilleus
|
Greek hero of war. He knows he will die and is creating kleos.
|
|
|
Agamemnon
|
King of the Achaeins. Wanted prizes and took Achilleus' prize.
|
|
|
Helen
|
Born from an egg, never know what looks like, most beautiful woman in world. Represents cause of war [beauty] (for her)
|
|
|
Diomedes
|
Greatest of the Achaian war.
|
|
|
Odysseus
|
Known for really good at speech and thinker. Good friend of Achilleus
|
|
|
Ajax
|
Man of few words.
|
|
|
Phoinix
|
Achilleus' served father. (one to go to Achilleus to fight in the war)
|
|
|
Patroklos
|
Achilleus' best friend, killed by Hektor.
|
|
|
Hektor
|
King of Troy, son of Priam. Achilleus' kills him, whom dragged his body around. Gods kept his body preserved.
|
|
|
Andromache
|
Hektor's wife.
|
|
|
Astyanax
|
Hektor and Andromache's son. Gets killed in a terrible way as a child.
|
|
|
Priam
|
King of Troy, begs Achilleus' for his son back, accuses him as a murderer.
|
|
|
Hekabe
|
Queen of Troy, represents what all is lost in war bc her whole family dies.
|
|
|
Briseis
|
Achilleus war prize. [his woman] Unwillingly goes to Agememnon when he takes Achilleus' prize. Mentions she does love Achilleus.
|
|
|
Sarpedon
|
Son of Zeus, 1/2 human 1/2 God. Taken to Lykia.
|
|
|
Herodotus
|
1st historian, father of history.
|
|
|
Persian Wars
|
Fought between Greece and Persia. 300 was about this.
|
|
|
490 BCE 480 BCE
|
Persian invasion of Greece.
|
|
|
Historiography
|
Study of historical writing. Body of writing on a specialized topic.
|
|
|
Ionian intellectual revolution
|
When the Ionians began to come up with more realistic explanations of how Earth/things were created. Bunch of philosophers, Gods didn't create things.
|
|
|
Croesus the Lydian
|
Last of the dynasty to rule Persia.
|
|
|
Solon
|
Lawgiver
|
|
|
Tellus (the Athenian)
|
Happiest man in the world, ideal of how people should live.
|
|
|
Cleobis and Biton
|
Names of two human brothers, statues of them somewhere. (Greek) Located in Greece. They were big and strong, died in their sleep.
|
