Human Sexuality Terms From Chapter 6 Of Human Sexuality In A World Of Diversity

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Gender

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The psychological state of being female or being male, as influenced by cultural concepts of gender appropriate behavior; compare and contrast the concept of gender with anatomic sex, which is based on the physical differences between females and males

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Gender typing

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The process by which children acquire behavior that is deemed appropriate to their sex

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Sexual differentiation

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The process by which males and females develop distinct reproductive anatomy

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Chromosomes

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One of the rodlike structures, found in the nucleus of every living cell, that carries the genetic code in the form of genes

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Zygote

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A fertilized ovum (egg cell)

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Embryo

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The stage of prenatal development that begins with implantation of a fertilized ovum in the uterus and concludes with development o the major organ systems at about two months after conception

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Androgens

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Male sex hormones

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Testosterone

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The male sex hormone that fosters the development of male sex characteristics and is connected with the sex drive

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Inguinal canal

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A fetal canal that connects the scrotum and the testes, allowing their descent

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Cryptorchidism

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The condition defined by undescended testes; from roots meaning "hidden testes"

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Klinefelter syndrome

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A sex chromosome disorder caused by an extra X sex chromosome

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Gender identity

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One's belief that one is male or female

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Sex assignment

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The labeling of a newborn as a male or female; also termed gender assignment

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Intersexual

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A person who possesses the gonads of one sex but external genitalia that are ambiguous or typical of the other sex; also termes pseudohermaphrodite

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Hermaphrodite

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A person who possesses both ovarian and testicular tissue; from the names of the male and female Greek gods Hermes and Aphrodite

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Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

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A form of intersexualism in which a genetic female has internal female sexual structures but masculinized external genitals

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Androgen insensitivity syndrome

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A form of intersexualism in which a genetic male is prenatally insensitive to androgens such that his genitals are not normally masculinized

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Dominican Republic syndrome

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A form if intersexualism in which a genetic enzyme disorder prevents testosterone from masculinizing the external genitalia

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Transsexualism

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A condition in which people strongly desire to be of the other sex and live as a person of the other sex; referred to as gender identity disorder by the American Psychiatric Association

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Transgenderism

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(1) A synonym for transsexualism; (2) an activist movement seeking rights and pride for transgendered individuals (for many in the transgender-- or "trans"-- movement, the label transgender encompasses not only transsexual and transgender people, but also cross-dressers or transvestites, drag queens, drag kinds, intersexed individuals, and anyone nonconventionally gendered (i.e., anyone identifying or behaving in a manner that runs counter to expected societal norms concerning the gender assigned them after birth.)

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Gender dysphoria

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A sense of incongruity between one's anatomic sex and one's gender identity

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Homosexual transsexuals

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Extremely feminine gay men who seek sex reassignment

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Autogynephilic

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Descriptive of transsexuals who are sexually stimulated by fantasies that their own bodies are female; from roots meaning "self," "woman," and "love" or "desire"

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Phalloplasty

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The surgical creation of an artificial penis

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Stereotype

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A fixed, conventional idea about a group of people

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Gender roles

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Complex clusters of behavioral expectations for males and females

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Sexism

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The prejudgement that, because of her or his sex, a person will possess negative traits

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Identification

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In psychoanalytic theory, the process of incorporating within ourselves our perceptions of the behaviors, thoughts, and feelings of others

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Oedipus complex

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According to psychoanalytic theory, a conflict of the phallic stage in which the boy wishes to possess his mother sexually and perceives his father as a rival in love

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Socialization

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The process of guiding people into socially acceptable behavior patterns by means of information, rewards, and punishments

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Schema

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Concept; a way of itnerpreting experience or processing information

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Gender stability

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The concept that people ratain their genders for a lifetime

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Gender constancy

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The concept that people's genders do not change, even if they alter their dress or behavior

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Gender schema

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A cluster of mental representations about male and female physical qualities, behaviors, and personality traits

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Psychological androgyny

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A state characterized by possession of both stereotypical masculine traits and stereotypical feminine traits