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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sex (As opposed to gender)
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Biological aspects of being male or female
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Gender
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Behavioral, psychological, social characteristics of men and women
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Gender Roles
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Culturally defined behaviors seen as appropriate for males and females
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"Culturally defined"
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Differences in gender roles are primarily due to ways in which we are taught to behave
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Masculinity/Femininity
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Cluster of traits that society attributes to each gender
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Less gender stereotyping in
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African American communities
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Socialization
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Process whereby an infant is taught the basic skills for functioning in society
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Evolutionary Theory
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Considers evolution and our physical nature in which gender differences are seen
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Social Learning Theory
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Suggests people learn gender roles from their environment
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Cognitive Development Theory
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Children go through a universal pattern of development
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Gender Schema Theory
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People think according to schemas
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Schema
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Cognitive mechanisms that organize our world that develop over time, are universal, and are determined by ulture
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Gender hierarchy theory
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Gender differences in formal positions of power and authority in society
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Chodorow's Developmental Theory
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[Psychoanalytical]
Girls and boys undergo a different process of identity in which boys must learn to separate themselves from their mothers, re-identify themselves as men, and devalue female roles |
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Ortner's culture/nature theory
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Cultural thought tends to align things male and masculine with "culture" and things female and feminie with "nature"
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MacKinnon's dominance theory
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Dismisses biological arguments about gender and says gender differences result from men's attempt to dominate social life
Its a system of dominance rather than a system of biological or social difference |
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Stereotypes that are more rigid
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male
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Transgender
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People who live full or part-time in the other gender's role and derive psychosocial comfort in doing so
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Transsexual
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person who feels that he or she is trapped in the body of the wrong gender
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Transvestite
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Person who dresses in the clothing of the other gender and derives sexual pleasure from doing so
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Gender Dysphoria
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Having one's gender identity inconsistent with one's biological sex
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Sexual Reassignment Surgery (SRA)
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Procedure where transsexuals have their bodies surgically altered to resemble those of the other sex
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Asexualism
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Individuals born with genetic gender but no biological gender
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What age does modeling behavior begin
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Two
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Gender-identity disorder
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Diagnosis for children with a strong and persistent identification with the other sex or gender role of the other other sex and who are uncomfortable with their own biological sex or gender role
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Empty Nest Syndrome
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Feelings of sadness that and loss that many women experience after their children leave home or no longer need day-to-day care
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Sexual Orientation
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Gender or genders that a person is attracted to emotionally, physically, sexually, and romantically
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Interactional theory of sexual orientation
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Interaction between biology, development, and social factors
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Developmental theory of sexual orientation
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Psychoanalysis
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Sociological theories
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Explain how social forces produce homosexuality in society
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Daryl Bem
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Biological factors do not cause sexual orientation but rather they contribute to childhood temperaments that influence children's preferences for typical or atypical sexual activities and peers
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Ages 1-2
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Develop gender identity which is difficult to change after 2
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Ages 2 -5
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Children explore their bodies
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Ages 6-12
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Sexual exploration
Learn masturbation from peers (boys) |
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Ages 12-18
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Onset of puberty
Boys first sign of sexual maturity is good but females bad |
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Age 12-18
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Increasing interest in intimate relationships
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2 most common STIs
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HPV & chlymadia
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