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475 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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WEEK 4 |
4 |
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Pro-choice movement |
a movement whose followers believe that a woman hasthe option to choose whether or not to terminate her pregnancy |
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Intra-crural intercourse |
rubbing the penis between the partner’s thighs |
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Family planning |
individual/partnered choice over the spacing andnumber of children a woman/couple will have |
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Menses |
menstrual flow |
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Douche |
to flush out the inside of the vagina with a liquid |
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Perfect use |
ideal situation in which the birth control methodis followed 100 percent accurately |
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Typical use |
realistic situation in which some people willinevitably make mistakes in use, perhaps because they are misinformed,intoxicated, tired, or forgetful |
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Hormonal contraceptives |
reversible methods of birth control that protectagainst pregnancy, but not against STIs |
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Amenorrhea |
absence of menstruation |
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Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) |
chronic or recurrent pelvic pain that apparentlyhas a gynecological origin but for which no definitive cause can be found |
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Vaginitis |
an inflammation of the vagina, usually due toinfection, that can result in discharge, irritation, and pain of he vagina andvulva |
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Spermicide |
a contraceptive substance that kills sperm toprevent impregnation |
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Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) |
a serious but uncommon bacterial infection,originally associated with tampon use but now known to have an association withsome contraceptive barrier methods |
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Parous |
having given birth at least once |
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Nulliparous |
never having given birth |
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Sympto-thermal approach |
used to chart basal bodytemperature (BBT), cervical position, and cervical mucus to gain insight intowhen a woman is fertile and therefore likely to get pregnant |
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Rhythm method |
a calendar-base method of family planning thatestimates the start and end of the fertile time based on past cycle lengths andinvolves abstaining from intercourse during the fertile time |
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Abstinence |
refraining from some or all aspects of sexualactivity |
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Information-motivation-behavioural skills (IMB) model |
a social psychology model that identifies threemajor components (information, motivation and behavioural skills) that maydirectly or indirectly impact sexual health behaviours |
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Emergency contraception (EC) |
any contraceptive method used after intercourse andbefore the time that the egg could implant in the uterine lining |
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Therapeutic abortion |
an abortion performed when the mother’s life is atrisk, the pregnancy is likely to cause severe physical or mental healthconsequences in the mother, or the fetus has a congenital disorder associatedwith a significant risk of morbidity |
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Elective abortion |
an abortion performed for reasons other thanmaternal or fetal health |
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Gestation |
in mammals, the period of time in which afetus/embryo develops in the uterus, beginning with fertilization and ending atbirth |
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Manual vacuum aspiration |
the only surgical optionavailable in the first seven weeks of pregnancy; A flexible plastic tubeis inserted through the woman’s cervix and a syringe attached to the tubesremoves the contents of the uterus by creating suction |
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Vacuum Suction Curettage |
can be performed from thesixth to the fourteenth week of gestation; Once the cervix has beendilated, a tube is inserted through the opening and into the uterus, thecontents of the uterus are suctioned out and a curette is used to gently scrapethe uterine lining to ensure that all of the tissue has been removed |
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Dilation and evacuation |
usually used for abortions in the thirteenththrough sixteenth weeks of gestation, though it can be performed up to thetwenty-fourth week; similar to vacuum suction curettage but more complicated |
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Feticide |
a deliberate act that causes the death of a fetus |
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Post-abortion syndrome (PAS) |
a variation of PTSD |
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Pro-life movement |
a movement whose followers believe that abortion ismurder and should not be conducted under any circumstances (or under limitedcircumstances involving the physical health of the mother) |
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Contraceptives |
Various tools intended to prevent or reducethe likelihood of pregnancy; Interferes withovulation/fertilization/implantation |
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Vasectomy |
cutting the vas deferens to prevent sperm frombeing added to seminal fluid |
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Tubal litigation |
fallopian tubes are cut, clipped, or cauterized toprevent the ovum from moving down the tubes into the uterus and beingfertilized by sperm |
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Hysterectomy |
uterus is surgically removed |
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Castration |
testicles are surgically removed |
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WEEK 5 |
5 |
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Pathogens |
bacteria, parasites, or viruses that causeinfection or disease |
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Asymptomatic |
showing no symptoms or signs of disease |
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Prevalence |
the current extent of an infection or disease (oranother condition) in a defined population |
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Individual risk of contracting STI (4) |
prevalence of the STI infectiousness of thepathogen the individual’s sexual behaviour the sexual behaviour of his orher partner |
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Adherence |
the degree to which an individual takes medicationor complies with other instructions of a health care provider |
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Incidence |
the frequency of occurrence of new cases of aninfection or a disease (or other condition) in a defined population |
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Chlamydia prevalence |
Chlamydia has the highestprevalence of any reportable STI in Canada; Heterosexual males andfemales aged 20-24 have the highest incidence of chlamydia |
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Chlamydia transmission (3) |
Penile-vaginal andpenile-anal oral sexual contact an infected mother to her infant during childbirth |
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Chlamydia symptoms (3) |
Mild discharge Burning/itching during urination Vaginal bleeding |
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Chlamydia consequences (3) |
Pelvic inflammatory disease (women) Epididymitis (men) Urethritis (men) |
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Epididymitis |
inflammation of the epididymis (may result ininfertility) |
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Urethritis |
inflammation of the urethra |
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Chlamydia diagnosis (2) |
swab sample from thecervix, vagina, urethra, anus or pharynx (throat) urine sample |
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Chlamydia treatment |
Oral antibiotics |
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Gonorrhea prevalence (2) |
men who have sex with men travellers who have had sex with locals while travelling abroad |
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Gonorrhea transmission (3) |
Penile-vaginal and penile-anal oral sexual contact an infected mother to her infant during childbirth |
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Gonorrhea symptoms (2) |
Pus-like discharge Throat pain (oral gonorrhea) |
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Gonorrhea consequences (2) |
Pelvic inflammatory disease (women) Untreated can enter bloodstream |
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Gonorrhea diagnosis (2) |
swab sample from the cervix, vagina, urethra, anus or pharynx (throat) urine sample |
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Gonorrhea treatment |
Oral or injectable antibiotics |
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Confection |
infection with two or more STIs at one time |
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Syphilis prevalence (3) |
men who have sex with men travellers who have hadsexual contact with locals while travelling in areas with high syphilisprevalence individuals visiting certain areas of Canada where outbreaksoccur periodically |
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Syphilis transmission (4) |
Penile-vaginal and penile-anal oral sexual contact injection drug use an infected mother to her infant during childbirth |
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Primary syphilis |
symptoms include swelling of lymph nodes near thesite of contract and single or multiple painless ulcers |
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Ulcers |
open sores |
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Secondary syphilis |
symptoms include a rash on the palms of the hands,the roles of the feet, and the trunk; may also include fat, warty lesions inthe anogenital areas, patches or erosions and/or whitish skin in the mouth oranogenital area, fever, jaundice, muscle and/or joint aches, and patchy loss ofhear |
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Lesions |
abnormal changes to a body tissue |
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Anogenital |
relating to the region of the anus and/or thegenitals |
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Tertiary syphilis |
if syphilis is untreated) affects the bloodvessels, heart, and eyes and sensory or brain damage may occur; may also causegrowths called gummas on the bones or in internal organs, and it can eventuallylead to death |
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Syphilis diagnosis |
blood-test |
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Syphilis treatment |
Injected penicillin |
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Herpes prevalence |
approximately half of the Canadian population maybe affected by HSV type 1 in the orolabial area, and a total of one-third ofCanadians may be affected by either HSV type 1 or HSV type 2 in the anogenitalarea |
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Herpes transmission (5) |
genital-genital penile-anal oral-genital oral-oral contact mother to child during childbirth and from caretakers |
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Herpes symptoms (3) |
lesions on the mouth (oral) lesions on both sides of genitals (first time) lesions on one side of genitals (recurrent) |
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Herpes consequences (4) |
Scarring Urinary tract symptoms Heightens HIV acquisition and transmission Infants experience neurological impairments or death |
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Herpes diagnosis (2) |
swabbing the lesions and performing a viralidentification test blood test |
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Herpes treatment |
Antiviral medication |
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Prodromal stage |
when premonitory symptoms (symptoms forecastingthat there will be an outbreak in a few hours or days) are present |
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HPV prevalence |
the most prevalent STI in Canada: Up to 80 percent ofCanadians will be infection by one of the anogenital types of HPV in theirlifetime; HPV has been shown to havehigh rates of incident infection among university aged women and men |
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HPV transmission (3) |
genital-genital genital-anal oral-genital |
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HPV symptoms (3) |
warts in genital and/or non-genital areas abnormal pap tests develop cervical, penile, or otherprecancerous conditions or cancers long after infection occurs |
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HPV Diagnosis (3) |
visual exam (warts) pap smear biopsy |
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HPV treatment (6) |
immune-stimulating drug toxic drugs surgery cryotherapy chemotherapy radiation |
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HPV prevention (2) |
Gardasil (for females ages 9-45 and males9-26) Cervarix (for femalesaged 10-25) |
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HIV prevalence (3) |
men who have sex with men injection drug users who share drug-injection materials and/or contaminateddrugs, persons from countries in which HIV is endemic |
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Endemic |
common or of chronic prevalence in a certain area |
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HIV transmission |
HIV is transmitted when theblood or other bodily fluid of an infected individual come into contact withoral, genital, or anal mucosa and bloodstream of an uninfected individual |
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Mucosa |
the lining of the mouth, vagina, anus, and severalother bodily orifices |
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HIV symptoms (2) |
flu-like symptoms with enlarged lymph nodes immune system damage |
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HIV diagnosis |
blood test |
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HIV treatment |
ARV therapy, involving acombination of drugs, can be effected in stopping the replication of HIV andpreserving an HIV-infected individual’s health and lifespan |
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Viral load |
a measure of the amount of a virus that an infectperson has per millimetre of blood |
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Hepatitis A prevalence (2) |
certain closed communitieswhere food that is contaminated virus is served to a number of people men who have sex with men |
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Hepatitis B prevalence (5) |
men who have sex with men injection drug users individuals from countries inwhich the disease is prevalent countries where blood products are notscreened before medical use locations in which medical equipment isreused without proper disinfection |
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Hepatitis C prevalence (4) |
injection drug users individuals from countries in which poor infection control in health caresetting countries where blood produces are not screened HIV-positive men who have sex with men |
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Hepatitis A transmission (2) |
oral-anal sex ingestion of food or watercontaminated with feces |
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Hepatitis B transmission (3) |
sexual contact the sharing of contaminateddrug-injection or drug-preparation equipment the sharing of sex toys |
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Hepatitis C transmission (3) |
blood contact the sharing of contaminateddrug-injection or drug-preparation equipment sexual activities that casetrauma to the sites of sexual contact |
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Hepatitis symptoms (2) |
Jaundice (yellowing of theskin and eyes) flu-like symptoms with abdominal pain |
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Hepatitis B and C consequences (2) |
cirrhosis of the liver liver cancer |
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Hepatitis diagnosis |
Blood test |
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Hepatitis B and C treatment (2) |
interferon injections courses of antiviraldrugs |
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Hepatitis A and B prevention |
vaccine |
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Trichomoniasis prevalence |
prevalent in parts of Africa and more common amongwomen with multiple sexual partners |
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Trichomoniasis symptoms (4) |
yellowish vaginal discharge burning while peeing itching in genital area asymptomatic (especially in men) |
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Trichomoniasis consequences - if untreated (5) |
infertility increased riskof cervical cancer inflammation of the uterus endometritis (inflammation ofthe endometrium) premature delivery |
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Trichomoniasis diagnosis |
swab of the vagina or urethra |
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Trichomoniasis treatment |
oral drug (metronidazole) |
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Pubic lice and scabies prevalence |
common in Canada |
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Pubic lice and scabies transmission (3) |
direct sexual contact non-sexual contact contact with contaminated surfaces |
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Pubic lice and scabies consequences |
bacterial infection becauseof the breakdown of the skin from scratching |
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Pubic lice and scabies diagnosis (2) |
visual inspection skin biopsy |
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Pubic lice and scabies treatment (2) |
Cream Shampoo |
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Moniliasis |
vaginal yeast infection caused by overgrowth ofnaturally occurring vaginal organisms |
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Moniliasis symptoms (3) |
pain during intercourse vaginal itchiness discharge that may be white and clumpy |
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Moniliasis consequences - if untreated (3) |
eczema-like reaction in the genital area painduring sex pain during urination |
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Moniliasis diagnosis (2) |
visual inspection (unfrequent) laboratory test (frequent) |
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Bacterial vaginosis prevalence (3) |
Having a new sexual partner having multiple partners appears douching |
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BV symptoms (4) |
fishy odour vaginaldischarge itching around the vagina Pain during intercourse |
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BV consequences (2) |
pregnancy complications,including preterm delivery increase susceptibility to acquiring or transmitting HIV and susceptibilityto acquiring chlamydia, gonorrhea and herpes |
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BV treatment (4) |
oral medication clindamycin vaginal cream metronidazole vaginal gel long-acting vitamin C tablets |
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Serial monogamy |
a pattern of consecutive, single-partnered intimaterelationships |
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Intimacy |
feelings of closeness and connection that one feelswith another |
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Mere-repeated exposure effect |
the tendency for repeated exposure to a stimulus(e.g. another person) to increase our preference for that stimulus |
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Reciprocity |
We tend to like to be attracted to people who showsigns of liking and being attracted to us |
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Homophily |
the principle that we are more likely to havecontact and affiliate with people who are similar to us |
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Assortive mating |
the tendency to choose a partner who is similar tooneself on one or more characteristics |
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Pick-up line |
a verbal statement made by someone in order toinitiate a romantic encounter |
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Types of pick-up lines (3) |
cute-flippant innocuous direct |
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Types of intimacy (5) |
emotional social sexual intellectual recreational |
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Bartholomew dimensions of attachment (2) |
model of the self model of the other |
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Bartholomew types of attachment (4) |
Secure Preoccupied Fearful Dismissive |
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Secure attachment |
associated with positive views of both the self andothers; comfortable with intimacy and autonomy in close relationships; self-confident,and resolves conflict constructively |
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Preoccupied attachment |
characterized by a negative view of the self and apositive view of others; overly invested and involved in close relationships;dependent on other for self-worth; demanding, needy, approach orientationtowards others |
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Fearful attachment |
involves a negative view of both the self andothers; dependent on others, but avoids intimacy due to fear of rejection. Lowself-esteem and high attachment anxiety |
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Dismissing style |
characterized by a positive view of the self and anegative view of others; compulsively self-reliant, distant in relationships;downplays the important of intimate relationships |
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Hooking up |
casual sex interactions with no strings attached |
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Arranged marriage |
a marriage in which family members typicallyparents, choose a partner for a person to marry |
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Passionate love |
a state of intense longing for union with another |
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Companionate love |
affection and tenderness felt for someone with whomone’s life is deeply connected |
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Sternberg triangular theory of love components (3) |
intimacy passion commitment |
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Commitment |
in the short term, the decision that one personloves another. In the long term, the decision to maintain the love that oneperson has for another |
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Liking (intimacy) |
describes the feelings we have for those whom weexperience closeness and warmth; it goes beyond the feelings we have for casualacquaintances but does not involve passion or commitment |
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Infatuated love (passion) |
linkened to love at first sight and tends to involvesigns of physical arousal |
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Empty love (commitment) |
characterize either long-term relationships inwhich intimacy and physical attraction have faded or the start of arrangedmarriages in which one may commit to love his or her spouse yet does not feelclose or physically attracted to that person |
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Romantic love (passion and intimacy) |
characteristic of passionate, intimaterelationships commonly presented in popular media |
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Companionate love (intimacy and commitment) |
often based on deep friendship and involves bothintimacy and commitment |
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Fatuous love (passion and commitment) |
generally occurs in relationships in which peoplemeet and marry of commit very quickly |
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Consummate love (intimacy, passion and commitment) |
aka complete love, is often what people endeavorfor in romantic relationships |
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Love stories (Sternberg) |
stories that express different beliefs and ideasabout what love is like |
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Lee love styles (6) |
eros storge ludus pragma mania agape |
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Eros |
romantic, erotic, passionate love |
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Storge |
love based on friendship and compatibility |
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Ludus |
game-playing love that does not involve commitment |
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Pragma |
practical love that involves rational decisionmaking |
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Mania |
dependent, possessive, and obsessional love |
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Agape |
altruistic love that is characterized by givingrather than receiving |
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Habituation |
a decrease in behavioural response to a repeatedstimulus. Sexual habituation occurs when increased accessibility to a partnerand predictability in sexual interactions leads to reduced sexual interest |
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The two-factor theory of love |
an application of the two-factory theory ofemotion, which posits that emotions result from the interaction ofphysiological arousal and cognition |
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Misattribution of arousal |
when physiological arousal stemming from one state(e.g. fear) is misinterpreted as stemming from another state (e.g. love) |
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Objectum sexuality |
emotional and physical attraction to and love foran object or objects |
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Optimal sexuality |
having sexual experiences that are (subjectively)extraordinary |
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Components of optimal sexuality (8) |
authenticity being present connection with apartner exploration/interpersonal risk taking extraordinarycommunication/empathy transcendence vulnerability deep sexualand erotic intimacy |
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Jealousy |
a negative emotional response to potential oractual rejection from a partner or to loss of a relationship due to a rival |
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Infidelity |
engaging in sexual and/or emotional relations withsomeone who is not one’s primary partner when in a monogamous relationship |
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Cybersex |
sexual activity that takes place via the internet |
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Netiquette |
rules outlining acceptable and unacceptableinternet activities |
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Sex |
any solo or partnered activity involving behavioursthat are an expression of sexual arousal and/or desire that also results insubjective and physical feelings of arousal and desire |
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Sexual consent |
an individual’s agreement to engage in sexualbehaviour |
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Components to sexual consent (2) |
a clear understanding ofwhat it is that the person is consenting to the consent is given freely,without coercion or undue influence |
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Sexual compliance |
an individual’s willing consent to engage in sexualbehaviour when she or he does not desire sexual activity |
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Traditional sexual script (TSS) |
a sequence of sexualbehaviours that constitute “having sex” |
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Sexual fantasies |
sexual thoughts or images that stimulate a personphysiologically and/or emotionally |
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Mutual masturbation |
masturbating with a partner |
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Cunnilingus |
oral stimulation of a woman’s genitals by a partner |
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Fellatio |
oral stimulation of a man’s genitals by a partner |
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Anilingus |
when oral sex is performed on the anus, perineumand surrounding area |
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Sixty-nine |
the sexual position in which partners engage insimultaneous oral stimulation of each other’s genitals |
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Frottage |
the sexual practice in which partners (clothed ornot) rub or thrust their genitals against any part of the other person’s body |
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Tribadism |
in which a woman rubs her vulva against herpartner’s body |
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Interfemoral intercourse |
the sexual practices in which a man moves his penisbetween his partner’s thighs without intromission |
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Coitus |
intercourse in which a man inserts his penis into awoman’s vagina |
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Factors of sexual satisfaction (3) |
Individual factors Relational factors Lifestyle factors |
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Sexually explicit material |
textual, visual, and/or audial material thatpromotes or creates sexual arousal |
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Dildo |
a penetrative device, often shaped like a penis,that can be used to stimulate various parts of the body |
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Vibrator |
a vibrating device used to stimulate various partsof the body |
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Penis ring |
a ring placed at the base of the penis to prolongerection by keeping the blood inside the penis |
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Beads (or balls) |
a sex toy that consists of a series of ballsconnected by a string and that can be inserted into the rectum or vagina andremoved at varying speeds |
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Penis pump |
a device that draws blood into the penis, designedto assist men with erection difficulties |
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Penis extender |
a device that attaches to the penis to make thepenis seem longer and/or wider |
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Friends with benefits relationship components (4) |
ongoing sexual no sexual or emotionalexclusivity is required relationship is rarely discussed directly orrevealed to others |
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Polyamory |
involves being in a romantic and sexualrelationship with more than one person at the same time |
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Polygamy |
a type of polyamory in which one person is marriedto more than one spouse simultaneously |
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Swinging |
the practice of both partners in an emotionallycommitted or married couple agreeing to and participating in sex with otherindividuals, usually at the same time |
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Mass media |
all media technologies – including the Internet,television, newspapers, film, and radio – that are used for communicating withthe public, and the organizations that distribute these technologies |
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Agenda-setting theory |
a theory that proposes that media influence ourthoughts and behaviour by highlighting what we should pay attention to |
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Cultivation theory |
a theory that proposes that media portrayals createa shared set of values and expectations about reality among media consumers |
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Social learning theory |
a theory that proposes that individuals modelcharacters seen in media, especially those who receive positive rewards |
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Girl-zines |
self-published print or online magazines written byyoung women to express their thoughts and feelings about sexuality in anon-judgemental outlet |
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Online sexual activity (OSA) |
activity that takes place via the Internet for anyrange of sexual purpose |
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Categories of OSA (3) |
establishing and maintaining relationships obtaining sexuality information obtaining sexual gratification |
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Meta-analytic review |
a report that combines the effects found acrossmultiple research studies |
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Soft-core |
erotically suggestive without showing genitals orsexual penetration |
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Hard-core |
explicitly depicting genitals and/or sexualpenetration |
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Phone sex |
sexual activity that takesplace via telephones, either through live conversations or by listening tosexually explicit pre-recorded messagesTraditionally have beengeared toward heterosexual men |
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Healthy relationships (7) |
Respect Trust and Support Honesty and Accountability Shared Responsibility Economic Partnership Negotiation and Fairness Non-Threatening Behaviour |
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Unhealthy relationships (7) |
Isolation Blaming and Denying Threats Economic Control Non-Consensual Physical Contact Controlling Emotional, Physical, and/or Sexual Abuse |
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Desire discrepancy |
When partners’ desires or sexualdrives/libidos do not match up; When partnersdiffer in terms of the frequency of sexual activity |
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Consent (7) |
Enthusiastic Informed Sober Willingly-given Can be retracted at any point An ongoing process Checking in before, during, and after |
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STI categories (3) |
Bacterial Viral Infestation |
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Sex toy |
Anything that makes you feel sexy andenhances your sexual pleasure |
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Attraction reward categories (2) |
Direct rewards
Indirect rewards |
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Self-monitoring |
tendency to regulate social behavior to meet thedemands of different social situations |
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WEEK 6 |
6 |
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Gender |
the psychological experience of femaleness and/ormaleness |
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Biological sex |
the biological condition of being male and/orfemale, as determined by genes, chromosomes, hormones and physical traits |
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Gender identity |
the way in which one identified with a gendercategory (e.g. man, women, neither) |
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Gender role |
the set of social and behavioural norms that areconsidered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex in thecontext of a specific culture |
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Phenotype |
the outward appearance or expression of a set ofphysical and behavioural traits |
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Genotype |
the genetic constitution of an organism, determinedby genetic components inherited from the organism’s parents |
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Chromosomal sex |
sex determined by the combination of sexchromosomes |
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Gonadal sex |
sex determined by the presence of female gonads(ovaries) and/or male gonads (testicles) |
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Hormonal sex |
sex determined by levels of estrogens and androgens |
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Gender schemas |
mental frameworks based on understanding of how menand women typically behave |
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Gender stereotypes |
widely held beliefs about the typicalcharacteristics and behaviours of men and women |
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Reproductive fitness |
the ability to successfully pass on genes to thenext generation |
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Parental investment theory |
a theory proposed by Robert Trivers (1972) thatpredicts that the sex making the larger investment in offspring will be morediscriminating in mating |
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Female sexual fluidity hypothesis |
proposes that female sexuality is more malleablethan male sexuality in response to cultural influences |
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Cohen's d effect size |
a measure of the strength of the relationshipbetween two variables in a population |
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Gender similarities hypothesis |
proposes that women and men are more similar thandifferent for most psychological variables |
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Sociosexuality |
individual difference in the willingness to engagein casual sexual activities |
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Specificity of sexual arousal |
agreement between self-reported sexual attractionsand sexual arousal patterns |
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Sexual concordance |
agreement between self-reported sexual arousal andgenital arousal |
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Disorders of sexual development (DSDs) |
a group of conditions in which the reproductiveorgans and/or genitals develop differently than expected |
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Pseudohermaphrodite |
a term used in the past to describe individualswith DSDs, to suggest the presence of both female and male characteristics |
|
|
Intersex |
individuals whose reproductive and/or sexualanatomy develops differently from what is considered to be typical in either afemale or a male |
|
|
Cloacal exstrophy |
a rare developmental variation in which theabdominal organs are exposed and the genitals develop abnormally |
|
|
Penile agenesis |
a rare developmental variation in which a malechild is born without a penis |
|
|
Klinefelter's syndrome |
Boys with Klinfelter’ssyndrome often present with gynecomastia (breast development), small testes,shorter-than-average penises, low testosterone levels, tall stature, verbalcognition problems, and compromised fertility |
|
|
Turner's syndrome |
Women with Turner’s syndrometend to have a short stature, a broad chest, and widely spaced nipples,under-developed female physical characteristics, and problems with ovariandevelopment and sex hormone levels, leading to infertility |
|
|
Virtilization |
the biological development of sex differences,specifically changes that make a male body different from a female body(enlarged clitoris and partially fused labia majora, shorter vaginal lengths,and an incomplete differentiation of the urethra and vagina) |
|
|
Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) |
an X-linked recessive disorder in which individualsborn with XY chromosomes develop typically female physical characteristics,often including external female genitalia and female breasts |
|
|
Partial AIS |
intermediate male- and female-typicallycharacteristics, with differing degrees of genital masculinization |
|
|
Complete AIS |
the genitals usually appear typically female,although the vagina may be shallower than in genetic females |
|
|
Gender development processes (3) |
Detecting gender Having gender Doing gender |
|
|
Gender socialization |
the learning of behaviour and attitudes consideredappropriate for a given gender role |
|
|
Gender dysphoria |
distress resulting from the discrepancy betweenone’s felt gender identity and one’s biological sex and/or the gender one wasassigned at birth |
|
|
Transition related surgeries (TRSs) |
surgical procedures to alter physicalcharacteristics to resemble those typically associated with one’s felt gender |
|
|
Transgender |
People whose gender is opposite to their biologicalsex may infer to themselves |
|
|
Transsexual |
an individual who is transgender and has elected toundergo TRSs |
|
|
Transwoman |
a biological male who identifies and presents as awoman |
|
|
Transman |
a biological female who identifies and presents asa man |
|
|
Genderqueer |
a person whose gender identification andself-presentation does not conform to gender categories |
|
|
Autogynephilia |
a sexual variation in which a man is sexuallyattracted to the thought of himself as a woman |
|
|
Sexual communication |
the processes by which intimate partners sharetheir sexual likes and dislikes with each other and negotiate sexuality intheir relationship |
|
|
Couples' communication |
an ongoing exchange between two partners thatunfolds over time and consist of verbal, behavioural, and affective exchanges |
|
|
Gottman behaviours decline relationship satisfaction (5) |
criticism contempt defensiveness stonewalling beligerence |
|
|
Criticism |
a negative communication behaviour that entailsattacking a partner’s character of personality rather than focussingspecifically on the behaviour that is upsetting |
|
|
Contempt |
a negative communication behaviour that entailsputting down and/or expressing disrespect toward one’s partner |
|
|
Defensiveness |
a negative communication behaviour in which someoneprotects himself or herself from a perceived verbal assault by denyingresponsibility, making excuses, or counter-complaining |
|
|
Stonewalling |
a negative communication behaviour that entailsrefusing to respond and resisting influence by not engaging in the discussionat hand |
|
|
Non-verbal communication |
all communication behaviours that are not words,including but not limited to body posture, voice qualities, facial expressions,and gestures |
|
|
Negative reciprocity |
a communication pattern in which each partner tendsto respond to the other with negative comments r behaviours, thereby escalatingthe conflict |
|
|
Demand-withdraw |
a communication pattern in which one partner putspressure on the other (e.g. by nagging or criticizing), and the other partnerdoes not engage or is defensive |
|
|
Blind coders |
coders who are not familiar with the specifichypothesis of the study |
|
|
Interrater reliability |
the extent to which two independent observersobtain the same results when suing the same coding system |
|
|
Difficult to discuss in couples (10) |
1) doubts about the future of the relationship 2)disrespectful behaviour 3) extramarital intimacy or boundary issues 4)excessive or inappropriate displays of anger 5) sexual interaction 6) lack of communication 7) in-laws andextended family 8) confusing, erratic, or emotional behaviour 9) criticism 10) poor communication skills |
|
|
Orgasmic disorder |
significant difficulty or inability to experienceorgasm |
|
|
Socially desirable responding |
the tendency to modify one’s responses to aquestionnaire or interview in order to make oneself appear in a favourablelight |
|
|
Impression management |
(intentional) a form of social desirable respondingin which someone deliberately responds in a way that makes him or her look goodto others |
|
|
Self-deceptive enhancement |
(unintentional) a form of socially desirableresponding in which someone inadvertently responds in a way that makes him orher look good to others, because he or she truly perceives himself or herselfmore positively than is accurate |
|
|
Behavioural confirmation |
a process whereby someone’s expectations about anupcoming event influence his or her behaviour and thus cause the event tounfold in a way that is consistent with his or her expectations |
|
|
Perceptual confirmation |
a process whereby someone interprets an event in away that is consistent with his or her expectations |
|
|
Non-verbal communication functions (3) |
Provides info about mood Regulates interactions Defines relationships |
|
|
Components of non-verbal behaviour (3) |
Facial expressions Gazing behaviour Body language |
|
|
Gazing behaviour |
Direction andamount of a person’s eye contact |
|
|
Discovering partners needs (4) |
Ask questions Self-disclosure Discuss sexual preferences Give permission |
|
|
Implied consent |
When a persongives consent non-verbally by actively engaging in the sexual act |
|
|
Determining consent (2) |
Want to give consent Capable of giving consent |
|
|
Constructive communication (Gottman) (3) |
Level and editing Validating Volatile dialogue |
|
|
Gender identity clinic (5) |
Psychological and physical evaluation Real life experience Hormonal treatment Gender affirmation surgery Surgical/endocrinological/psychological follow-up |
|
|
F2M Surgery (2) |
Phalloplasty Metoidioplasty |
|
|
Reasons to not have surgery (4) |
Cost may beprohibitive Less than perfectresults May be happyas they are May want to bea gender nonconformist |
|
|
WEEK 7 |
7 |
|
|
Askable parents |
welcome opportunities to talk to their childrenabout sexuality, rather than waiting for questions |
|
|
Sexualization |
making someone or something sexual |
|
|
Primary sex characteristics |
the main sex organs that are necessary forreproduction |
|
|
Secondary sex characteristics |
features not directlyrelated to reproduction that develop at puberty |
|
|
Menarche |
the first incidence ofmenstruation |
|
|
Semenarche |
the first incidence of ejaculation |
|
|
Sexual double standard |
a set of culturally maintained standards for sexualbehaviour reflecting more permissive and less restricted sexual expression bymen than by women |
|
|
Rainbow parties |
oral sex parties at which girls wear differentcolours of lipstick and leave rings of colour around the penises of the boys onwhom they perform oral sex |
|
|
Cohabitation |
people involved in a romantic and/or sexualrelationship without living together without being married |
|
|
Extramarital sex |
sex that occurs outside thecontext of a marriage |
|
|
Extradyadic sex |
sex that occurs outside the context of theprimarily relationship |
|
|
Extradyadic sex characteristics (7) |
male more education less religious more sexual interests morepermissive sexual values more opportunity for sex outside relationship less satisfaction in their primary relationship |
|
|
Ageism |
discrimination against people because of their age |
|
|
Sex as pizza (3) |
Am I hungry? What's your pleasure? Are we satisfied? |
|
|
Oral sex and STIs (8) |
Herpes HIV Gonorrhea Syphilis Chlamydia HPV Hepatitis Yeastinfections |
|
|
Oral sex popularity in teens (5) |
Risk ofpregnancy is zero Safe (?) Still a virgin(?) In control Less intimate than sex |
|
|
Asexual individuals (5) |
Lackinginterest in or desire for sex Do notexperience sexual attraction Have neverfelt sexual attraction to anyone at all Have no sexualinterest Have no sexualattractions or behaviors |
|
|
Graysexual |
Someone whoidentifies as being in between asexual and sexual |
|
|
Demisexual |
A person whodoes not usually feel sexual attraction unless they have a strong emotionalbond with the person |
|
|
Pansexual |
A person whofeels they are sexually/ emotionally/spritually capable of falling in love withall genders |
|
|
Polysexual |
A person whomay be attracted to some gender variant people but not have the capability ordesire to be with some others |
|
|
Skoliosexual |
Sexualattraction to non-binary individuals |
|
|
Aromantic |
A person whoexperiences little or no romantic attraction to others |
|
|
Demiromantic |
A person whodoes not feel romantic attraction unless they have already formed a strongemotional bond with the person |
|
|
Lithromantic |
A person whoexperiences romantic love but does not want their feelings to be reciprocated |
|
|
Panromantic |
A person whois romantically but not sexually attracted to others |
|
|
WEEK 8 |
8 |
|
|
Female genital multilation |
involves the “total or partial removal of thefemale external genitalia or other injuries to the female genital organs” |
|
|
Sunna circumcision |
a variety of procedures thatusually involve the clitoral area (this may include removal of the foreskin,prepuce, simulating male circumcision, or may be replaced with an incision orpricking of the clitoris) |
|
|
Excision |
refers to the removal of a part of or the entireclitoris itself (clitoridectomy) and a part or all of the labia minora |
|
|
Infibulation (pharonic circumcision) |
involves not only excisionbut the removal of the medial parts of the labia majora and the joining of thetwo sides of the vulva with thorn or silk or catgut sutures (a small opening ispreserved by the insertion of a foreign body, to allow the passage of urine andmenstrual blood) |
|
|
Immediate health consequences of FGM (8) |
Hemorrhage Infection/tetanus Urine retention Intense pain Shock Damage to adjacent organs (girl is held down) HIV Death |
|
|
Long term health consequences of FGM (8) |
Urinary tract infections Pelvic infections Infertility Retained menstrual fluid Pregnancy complications Sexual difficulties Scar tissue, dermoid cysts, keloids Abscesses |
|
|
Why is FGM performed? (9) |
Religion Tradition Increase attractiveness Protects virginity Decrease sexual desire Increase male pleasure Transition to womanhood Marriageability Hygiene |
|
|
How is FGM done? (3) |
Razor blade Knife Scissors |
|
|
WEEK 9 |
9 |
|
|
Sexual orientation |
an individual’s tendency to be attracted to menand/or women |
|
|
Affectional orientation |
the interaction betweeneffect and cognition such that it produces attraction, erotic desire, andultimately feelings of love for members of the other sex, the same sex, or both |
|
|
Heterosexual orientation |
an affectional orientation where affect andcognition are exclusively directed at members of the other sex |
|
|
Same-sex orientation |
an affectional orientation where affect andcognition are exclusively directed at members of the same-sex |
|
|
Bi-sexual orientation |
an affectional orientation where affect andcognition are directed at members of both sexes, to one extent or another |
|
|
Affectional orientation components (6) |
sexual attraction sexual fantasies sexualpreference propensity to fall in love romantically being in loveromantically the extent to which one has male and/or female sexualpartners |
|
|
Sexual identity label |
the general label one choose to use to describeone’s sexual attractions (typically gay, lesbian, bisexual, questioning orqueer) |
|
|
Gay identity |
an identity status denotingthose individuals who have come to identify themselves as having primarilysame-sex oriented cognition, affect and/or behaviour, and who have adopted theconstruct of “gay” as having personal significance for them |
|
|
Lesbian identity |
an identity status denoting those female-gendered individualswho have adopted the construct of “lesbian” as having personal significance tothem |
|
|
Bisexual identity |
an identity status denotingindividuals who have come to identity themselves as having both other-sex andsame-sex oriented cognition, affect, and/or behaviour, and who have adopted theconstruct of “bisexual” as having personal significance to them |
|
|
Queer identity |
an identity status that is intended to not labelone’s sexuality |
|
|
Asexual identity |
an identity label acknowledging that a personperceives little or no interest in engaging sexually with others |
|
|
Heterosexism |
prejudice and discrimination against individuals ofother sexual orientations and genders, based on the implicit assumption thatheterosexuality is the norm |
|
|
Homophobia |
the fear, dislike and/or intolerance of gay and/orlesbian individuals |
|
|
Biphobia |
the fear, dislike, and/or intolerance of bisexualindividuals |
|
|
Queerphobia |
the fear, dislike and/or intolerance of members ofthe LGBTIQQ community |
|
|
Internalized homophobia |
the fear, dislike, and/or intolerance that gay and lesbianindividuals feel toward themselves and/or others with a same-sex attraction |
|
|
Homonegativity |
explicitly negative attitudes toward gay andlesbian people |
|
|
Conversion therapy |
therapy directed at changing a same-sex or bisexualorientation into a heterosexual orientation |
|
|
LGBTIQQ affirmative therapy |
therapy directed at helping LGBTIQQ individualsview their sexual/affectional orientation, sexual identity, and/or genderidentity in a positive light |
|
|
Cass' stages of gay/lesbian development (6) |
Identity confusion Identity comparison Identity tolerance Identity acceptance Identity pride Identity synthesis |
|
|
Self-identification |
the process of coming to accept for oneself aparticular sexual identity label |
|
|
Identity disclosure |
the process of telling another person or peopleyour sexual identity label |
|
|
Lesbian relationship satisfaction (5) |
equality in relationships emotional intimacy attachment styles ability to resolve conflict social support |
|
|
Top |
a gay man who assumes the penetrator role in analsex |
|
|
Bottom |
a gay man who assumes the penetratee role in analsex |
|
|
Versatile |
a gay man who is willing to assume either the topor bottom role in anal sex |
|
|
Scissoring |
the sexual practice where two women wrap their legsaround against other and rubs their vulvas together |
|
|
Kink |
a wide range of sexualistic practices that are bothplayful and intense and all degrees in between |
|
|
BDSM |
an overlapping term that encompasses bondage anddiscipline, dominance and submission, and sadomasochism |
|
|
Normal |
conforming to a standard; usual, typical orexpected |
|
|
Incest |
sexual activity between persons of a close enoughgenetic relationship that they are not legally permitted to marry |
|
|
Paraphilia |
any intense and persistent sexual interest otherthan sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling withphenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partners |
|
|
Paraphilic disorder |
a paraphilia that causes distress or impairment tothe individual, or that may harm others when acted upon |
|
|
Fetish |
originally used to describe urges, fantasies, andbehaviours in which non-living objects or specific body parts (known aspartialism) are eroticized |
|
|
Fetishistic disorder |
involves the persistent and repetitive use of ordepence on non-living objects or a highly specific focus on a (typicallynon-genital) body part as a primary elements associated with sexual arousal;this focus must cause significant personal distress or psychological roleimpairment |
|
|
Sexual sadist |
someone who derives sexual pleasure from inflictingphysical pain or psychological suffering on another person, often to gain poweror to humiliate the other person |
|
|
Masochist |
a person who derives sexual pleasure byexperiencing pain, humiliation or suffering |
|
|
Hypersexuality |
an excessive insatiable sex drive that leads aperson to continually pursue sexual encounters, despite negative consequences |
|
|
Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) |
spontaneous, persistent, uncontrollable genitalarousal that is not associated with sexual desire (in women) |
|
|
Priapism |
a persistent, often painful erection (in men) |
|
|
Courtship disorder |
a disturbance in one or more phases of the commonWestern notion of partnered sexual activity, which include 1) looking for andfinding a partner, 2) approaching that partner with conversation, 3) non-genitalphysical touching, 4) sexual intercourse |
|
|
Voyeuristic disorder |
diagnosed when an individualhas recurrent and intense sexual arousal from observing an unsuspecting personwho is naked, in the process of disrobing and/or engaging in sexual activity,as manifested by fantasies, urges, or behaviours; the person has acted uponthese urges with a non-consenting person, or the urges and fantasies havecaused distressed and impairments |
|
|
Exhibitionistic disorder |
involves recurrent and intense sexual arousal fromthe exposure of one’s genitals to an unsuspecting person; to be diagnosed withthe disorder, the individual must have acted upon these urges with anon-consenting person or experienced distress or impairment from the urges orfantasies |
|
|
Telephone scatologia |
a form of verbalexhibitionism in which a person becomes aroused by making sexually explicittelephone calls, based on the reaction of the victim |
|
|
Frotteuristic disorder |
characterized by the act of fantasizing about, oractually engage in, rubbing against or touching a non-consenting person forsexual gratification; to be diagnosed with this disorder, an individual musthave either active on these urges with a non-consenting person or experienceddistress or impairment from urges or fantasies |
|
|
Toucherism |
the act of fantasizing about touching, or actuallytouching, a non-consenting person or sexual gratification |
|
|
Biastophilia |
the erotic interest in committing rape |
|
|
Pedophiles |
an individual with an exclusive or non-exclusivesexual preference for children |
|
|
Classic type (pedophiles) |
attracted to prepubescent children |
|
|
Hepephilic type |
attracted to pubescent children |
|
|
Pedohebephilic type |
attracted to bothprepubescent and pubescent children |
|
|
Recidivism |
committing another crime |
|
|
Penile plethysomography(PPG) |
the direct measurement of changes in penile bloodvolume in response to external sexual stimuli |
|
|
Beastiality/zoophilia |
erotic interest in non-human animals. Theattraction is to particular species, breeds, and biological sex |
|
|
Asphyxiophilia (Autoerotic asphyxia) |
erotic interest in using techniques such asstrangulation or suffocation by oneself or a partner to create an oxygendeficiency in the brain, which enhances sexual excitement and orgasm. The wishto die from lack of oxygen is not a part of this sexual practice |
|
|
Coprophilia |
erotic interest in contact with feces, may overlapwith sadomasochism |
|
|
Urophilia |
erotic interest in sexual contact with urine, mayoverlap with sadomasochism |
|
|
Necrophilia |
erotic interest in sexual contact with dead person,may include mutilation of the corpse following sexual activity |
|
|
Hyphephilia |
arousal to the feeling of a particular texture |
|
|
Klismaphilia |
arousal to enemas, the injection of liquid into therectum through the anus, usually for cleaning or for stimulation evacuation ofthe bowels |
|
|
Stigmatophilia |
arousal to partners who are pierced or tattooed |
|
|
Sex tourism |
travel for the purposes of engage in uninhibitedsex |
|
|
Neuro-cognitive testing |
the administration of tests that contain tasksdesigned to measure the functioning associated with a particular brain area inorder to diagnose deficits and strengths in the manner in which a personperceives and navigates the world |
|
|
Risk factors for child sexual abuse (3) |
sexual deviance antisocial traits intimacy deficits |
|
|
Cognitive distortions |
thinking errors or irrational thoughts |
|
|
Malingering |
intentionally faking or exaggerating symptoms forpersonal gain |
|
|
Psychometrics |
measurement, development, or administration ofpsychological tests |
|
|
Eugenics movement |
a social movement in which society is thought to beimproved by controlling the passing on of hereditary information throughcontrolling which members of society are allowed to procreate |
|
|
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) |
therapy based on the view that internal mentalprocesses reciprocally interact with behaviours and emotional responses |
|
|
Sexting |
the sending of sexually explicit photographs ormessages via mobile phone |
|
|
Satiation |
requires the client to masturbate to an appropriatefantasy and then masturbate again immediately following orgasm to an undesiredfantasy |
|
|
Orgasmic reconditioning |
requires the client to masturbate to the paraphilicfantasy until the point of orgasm, at which time the fantasy is switched to amore socially acceptable one |
|
|
Aversion therapy |
fantasies of the paraphilic behaviour are linkedwith an unpleasant stimulus, such as an unpleasant smell or an electric shock |
|
|
Bisexual social stereotypes (4) |
Confused/indecisive Untrustworthy Less inclined to monogamous relationships Sexually promiscuous |
|
|
Types of bisexuality (3) |
Real orientation Transitory orientation Transitional orientation |
|
|
Person-centered orientation |
Defined by the person to whicha person is attracted |
|
|
Anomalous activity preferences (2) |
Courtship disorders Algolagnic disorders |
|
|
Anomalous target preferences (2) |
Directed at humans Directed elsewhere |
|
|
Voyeurs (4) |
Poorsocio-sexual skills Strongfeelings of inferiority/inadequacy Men, early20’s Strangers vs.known individuals |
|
|
Exhibitionism characteristics (5) |
Males in 20sand 30s (start early) Shy,nonassertive, inadequate/insecure Problems withintimacy Function well(other than sexual relationships) Puritanical/shame-inducingattitudes to sex |
|
|
How does fetishism develop? (2) |
Learning theory Symbolic transformation |
|
|
Transvestism |
Recurrent andintense sexual arousal from cross-dressing (wearing the clothing of the othergender and achieving sexual arousal while you are doing that) |
|
|
WEEK 10 |
10 |
|
|
Psychopathology |
mental illness |
|
|
Causes of sexual problems categories (4) |
intrapsychic interpersonal/relational cultural/psychosocial organic |
|
|
Performance anxiety |
worries about one’s ability to “perform” sexually(e.g. getting and keeping erections, having an orgasm at the “right” time) thatcan interfere with experiencing pleasure during sex or even white thinkingabout having sex |
|
|
Myths about sexuality (9) |
real sex equals intercourse sexual satisfaction equal orgasm bigger is better a man always wants and is always ready for sex women’ssexuality is more complicated than men’s sex should be natural andspontaneous talking ruins the mood you shouldn’t start anything you can’tfinish sex goes downhill after marriage |
|
|
Peripheral neuropathy |
damage to the nerves outside of the brain or spinalcord, which can cause pain, weakness, or numbness |
|
|
Psychogenic |
stemming from psychological causes |
|
|
Iatrogenic |
originating from medical, pharmacological, orsurgical treatment |
|
|
Aphrodisiac |
a substance alleged to induce sexual desire |
|
|
Phosphodiesterase type-5inhibitors (PDE-5 inhibitors) |
erectogenic drugs that work by helping to dilatethe arteries of the penis (e.g. Viagra, Levitra, and Cialis) |
|
|
Premature (early) ejaculation |
distress over lack of sufficient pleasure for the man or his partner, and whether ejaculation occurs during intercourse or other sexual activities; Persistent orrecurrent pattern of ejaculation occurring during partnered sexual activitywithin approximately 1 minute following vaginal penetration and before theindividual wishes it |
|
|
Intra-vaginal ejaculatory latency (IELT) |
the duration from the moment of vaginal penetrationuntil a man ejaculates in the vagina |
|
|
Anorgasmia |
persistent inability to have an orgasm |
|
|
Dyspareunia |
pain during intercourse, pain related to sex |
|
|
Bibliotherapy |
the use of readings and written assignments inpsychotherapy |
|
|
Vaginismus |
involves a fear of penetration or a fear of pain onpenetration combined with an involuntary spasm at the opening of the vagina,which makes penetration difficult or impossible |
|
|
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) |
commonly thought of as low desire or low libido; Persistentlyor recurrently deficient (or absent) sexual/erotic thoughts or fantasies and desire for sexual activity |
|
|
Sexual aversion disorder |
characterized by an intensely negative or fearfulresponse to a specific aspect of sexual interaction (this reaction is oftenfound among survivors of sexual trauma) |
|
|
Pure desire disorder |
one in which the root or essence of the problem islack of sexual desire |
|
|
Spectatoring |
Monitoring one’s own sexual performance (as if onewere watching from the bleachers) rather than simply enjoying giving andreceiving sexual pleasure |
|
|
Sensate focus exercises |
sex therapy exercises developed by Masters andJohnson that involve couples focusing on the sensation of touching and beingtouched by each other |
|
|
Non-demand pleasuring |
an element of Masters and Johnson’s sensate focusexercises in which the couple focusses on stimulating each other’s genitalswithout engaging in intercourse |
|
|
Vulvodynia |
characterized by a burning pain for which there areno relevant physical findings |
|
|
Vulvodynia presentations (2) |
Localized Generalized |
|
|
Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) |
characterized by a burning pain that is elicitedvia pressure to the vulvar vestibule or attempted vaginal penetration in sexualand nonsexual contexts |
|
|
Genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder diagnostic criteria (4) |
difficulty with at least one of: 1) experiencing vaginal penetration, 2) pain with vaginal penetration, 3) fear of vaginal penetration or of pain during vaginalpenetration, 4) pelvic floor muscle dysfunction |
|
|
Psychological assessment of pain (5) |
properties of the pain factors that may ameliorate or exacerbate the pain interference of thepain and other comorbid issues personal explanations for the pain; previoustreatment attempts and outcomes |
|
|
Partner reactions to pain (3) |
solicitous negative facilitative |
|
|
Biomedical factors of pain (5) |
Early puberty and pain withfirst tampon use vulvovagninal and urinary tract infections early andprolonged use of oral contraceptives nociceptor proliferation andsensitization low touch and pain thresholds |
|
|
Cognitive, affective, behavioural factors (8) |
Sexual abuse greater fearof physical abuse catastrophizing fear of pain hypervigilance to pain lowerself-efficacy negative attributions about the pain anxiety |
|
|
Urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) |
describes a variety of urogenital pain symptoms dueto different conditions such as chronic pelvic pain syndrome, interstitialcystitis, and other issues |
|
|
Anodyspareunia |
recurrent or persistent analpain experienced by the receptive partner in anal intercourse |
|
|
Vulvodynia temporal pattern (3) |
Provoked Unprovoked Mixed |
|
|
Vulvodynia subtypes (2) |
Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) Generalized vulvodynia (GVD) |
|
|
PVD pain characteristics (3) |
Dyspareunia Provoked pain Localized to vulvar vestibule |
|
|
Medical interventions for pain (6) |
*Palliativeinterventions Topical interventions (antifungalcreams) Systemic medications (oral medication) Injectable medical treatments *Neurophysiologicaltreatments *Surgicalintervention |
|
|
GVD pain characteristics (3) |
vulvar pain pain is spontaneous (independent of contact) affects diffuse (whole) vulvar area |
|
|
Treatment for CP/CPPS (7) |
Antibiotics Prostatemassage Alpha-blockersin combination with antibiotics Anti-inflammatorymedications Anti-androgentherapy Musclerelaxants/physiotherapy Surgery |
|
|
Sexual dysfunction |
A clinically significant disturbance (approachinga health professional with the problem) in a person’s ability to respondsexually or to experience sexual pleasure |
|
|
Sexual dysfunction onset (2) |
lifelong/primary acquired/secondary |
|
|
Sexual dysfunction context (2) |
Generalized Situational |
|
|
Sexual dysfunction diagnosis considers (6) |
Partnerfactors Relationshipfactors Individualvulnerability factors Cultural orreligious factors Medicalfactors Other things like age,inadequate sexual stimulation, cultural expectations |
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Sexual interest/arousal disorder (SIAD) (4) |
Lack of, or significantly reduced, sexualinterest/arousal, as manifested by at least 3 of the following: Absent/reducedinterest in sexual activity, Absent/reducedsexual/erotic thoughts or fantasies, No/reducedinitiation of sexual activity, typically unreceptive to a partner’s attemptto initiate |
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SIAD associated with (8) |
Problems withorgasm, pain Infrequentsexual activity Couple leveldiscrepancies in desire Relationshipissues Mood issues Unrealisticexpectations re norms Poor sexualtechniques Lack ofinformation |
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SIAD/sexual desire risk factors (8) |
Negativecognitions/attitudes towards sexuality Past historyof mental disorders current mood issues medications (anti-depressant oranti-anxiety) Relationshipissues and factors Partner sexualfunctioning Medicalconditions Hormones |
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WEEK 11 |
11 |
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Erectile disorder (ED) influences (9) |
Drunk? High? Nervous? Stressed? Pressured to have sex? Tired? Not interestedin your partner? Don’t know yourpartner? Not interestedin sex at that moment? Distracted? |
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Erectile disorder (ED) (3) |
Markeddifficulty in obtaining an erection during sexual activity Markeddifficulty in maintaining an erection until the completion of sexual activity Markeddecrease in erectile rigidity |
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Erectile disorder associated with (6) |
Lowself-esteem Lowself-confidence Decreasedsense of masculinity Depressedaffect (mood) May fear/avoidsexual situations Decreaseddesire/sexual satisfaction in self and partner |
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Risk factors for ED (7) |
Depression,other mood issues, meds (SSRIs) Post-traumaticstress disorder (PTSD) Age,especially 40/50 years + Diabetes Lackof/decreased sexual desire, relationship issues Lack ofphysical exercise Smoking |
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Orgasmic disorders (3) |
Female orgasmic disorder (FOD) Delayed ejaculation Premature (early) ejaculation (PE) |
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Female orgasmic disorder (FOD) (2) |
Marked delayin, marked infrequency of, or absence of orgasm Marked reducedintensity of orgasmic sensations |
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FOD risk factors (4) |
Psychological factors Relationship problems Sociocultural factors Physical health, medical conditions, meds |
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Delayed ejaculation (2) |
Marked delayin ejaculation Markedinfrequency or absence of ejaculation |
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Delayed ejaculation risk factors (6) |
Medications Age relatedchanges in sensitivity Age relatedchanges in hormones Any and allpsychological factors Relationshipfactors Autosexual orientation |
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Premature ejaculation influences (3) |
Age Novelty Frequency |
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Distractions for PE (5) |
Sex negative Sex positive Non-sexual, negative Sex neutral Sexually incongruous |
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Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPPPD) associated with (4) |
SIAD Relationshipissues Decreasedsense of femininity Avoidance ofpainful situations |
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Persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) |
Women who complain of having orgasm too |
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Post orgasmic illness syndrome |
People feel physically ill after orgasm |
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Main treatment for sexual dysfunction (3) |
Psychotherapy Pelvic floor physiotherapy Medical treatment |
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Types of medical treatment (3) |
Pharmacological Mechanical Surgical |
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PLISSIT Model (Kaplan) (4) |
Permission Limited information Specific suggestions Intensive therapy |
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Permission (2) |
Reassurance Permission not to engage |
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Limited information (3) |
Educationabout specific concerns Reduceanxiety, dispel myths Multimodal |
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Specific suggestions (3) |
Self-awarenessexercises Communicationskills Sensate focus |
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Sensate focus levels (4) |
Non-genital sensate focus Genital sensate focus Body orifice without movement Body orifice with movement |
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Becoming orgasmic/self-awareness exercises (5) |
Bodyexploration, genital exploration Kegelexercises Masturbationexercises Erotica,fantasy Vibrators |
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Early ejaculation suggestions to last (5) |
Ejaculate morefrequently Come againsoon! Changepositions Communicatewith partner Consideralternatives to intercourse |
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Early ejaculation/erectile disorder techniques (2) |
Start-stop technique Squeeze technique |
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Myths about male sexuality (7) |
Men are liberated and very comfortable withsex A real man is not into sissy stuff All physical contact must lead to sex A man always wants and is always ready tohave sex In sex, only performance counts Sex = intercourse Sex must be spontaneous |
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Pelvic floor therapy goals (5) |
Increasingawareness/proprioception of pelvic floor muscles Improving musclediscrimination and muscle relaxation Normalizingmuscle tone Increasingelasticity at the vaginal opening and desensitizing painful areas Decreasingfear of vaginal penetration |
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Pelvic floor therapy techniques (4) |
Pelvic floor muscle exercises Manual therapy techniques Vaginal dilation techniques Biofeedback |
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WEEK 12 |
12 |
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Pharmacological approaches for ED (3) |
Oral medication Intracavernosal injection MUSE (medicated urethral system for erection) |
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Side effects of surgery for ED (3) |
Sensation Issues with flaccid glans Size |
