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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is homeostasis?
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maintaining the constancy of internal environments
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what is negative feedback?
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works with an error signal to approximate the set point. effectiveness can be described in terms of sensitivity, how fast, etc
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what are the components of a negative feedback loop?
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signal detector, effector, evaluator
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what is feed forward?
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systems compensate for changes before they happen
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what is positive feedback?
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a change promotes further change in the SAME DIRECTION; ex: blood clots
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input must match _____-
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OUTPUT!!!!@#@!#!@
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how can intercellular signaling be classified?
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direct contact, local diffusion, long distance
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what are gap junctions
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small pores directly connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells
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what are gap junctions made of
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connexins
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what is paracrine?
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chemical released into the interstitial fluid to influence cells within a localized area
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what is autocrine
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acting on the same cell as the cell that released them
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what are messenger molecules
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how does the sending cell regulate the signal being sent,
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what is a receptor?
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protein that binds to the messenger molecule; interaction with this and the protein elicits a response
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what is a g-protein
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couples the receptor to an effector mechanism to amplify the signal;
dag activates pkc IP3 increases Ca++ |
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how does calcium act as a second messenger?
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it binds to calmodulin
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