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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CCK
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Polypeptide NTs (neuropeptides)
-promotes satiety following meals |
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Substance P
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Polypeptide NTs (neuropeptides)
-is a pain NT |
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Endorphins, enkephalins and dynorphin
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Polypeptide NTs (neuropeptides)
-are endogenous opioid NTs -Promote analgesia and mediate many placebo effects -Effects are blocked by naloxone, an opiate antagonist |
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Neuropeptide Y
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Polypeptide NTs (neuropeptides)
-is most common neuropeptide Inhibits glutamate in hippocampus -Powerful stimulator of appetite |
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Endocannabinoids
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Polypeptide NTs (neuropeptides)
- similar to THC in marijuana Are the only lipid NTs Not stored in vesicles; are produced from lipids of the plasma membrane Are retrograde NTs: they act on neuron that releases them And thereby may be involved in learning Like THC, they stimulate appetite |
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NO and CO
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Gaseous NTs
-Act through cGMP second messenger system -NO causes smooth muscle relaxation |
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Glutamic acid and aspartic acid
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Amino Acids NTs
-are major CNS excitatory NTs |
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Glycine
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Amino Acids NTs
-is an inhibitory NT -Opens Cl- channels which hyperpolarize -Strychnine blocks glycine receptors Causes spastic paralysis |
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GABA
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Amino Acids NTs
-(gamma-aminobutyric acid) is most common NT in brain -Inhibitory, opens Cl- channels -These degenerate in Huntington’s disease |
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catecholamines
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-Epinephrine, Norepinephrine and dopamine are derived from tyrosine
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Monoamine NTs
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-serotonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine
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Nigrostriatal dopamine system
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-originates in the substantia nigra and is involved in motor control
-Degeneration of this system causes Parkinson's disease |
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Mesolimbic dopamine system
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-is involved in behavior and emotional reward
-Most addictions activate this system -Overactivity contributes to schizophrenia Which is treated by anti-dopamine drugs |
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Norepinephrine (NE)
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-Used in PNS and CNS
In PNS is a sympathetic NT -In CNS affects general level of arousal -Amphetamines stimulate NE pathways |
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Acetylcholine (ACh)
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Most widely used NT
Used in brain and ANS; used at all neuromuscular junctions Has nicotinic and muscarinic receptor subtypes |
