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42 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Euclid
lived in Alexandria
wrote Elements
father of geometry
Thales
first Greek philosopher
correctly predicted a solar flare
Ptolemy
was a Greek-speaking geographer, astronomer, and astrologer who lived in the Hellenistic culture of Roman Egypt. Came up with geocentric orbits
Archimedes
philosopher born in the seaport colony of Sicily, the greatest scientist ever, Archimedes screw, pulleys
Pythagoras
Pythagorean theorem, father of numbers, believed everything was related to math
Pythagorean theorem
In any right triangle, the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of areas of the squares whose sides are the two legs (i.e. the two sides other than the hypotenuse).
Zeno’s paradox
In a race, the quickest runner can never overtake the slowest, since the pursuer must first reach the point whence the pursued started, so that the slower must always hold a lead
Syllogism
usually the categorical syllogism, is a kind of logical argument in which one proposition (the conclusion) is inferred from two others (the premises) of a certain form. In his Prior Analytics, Aristotle defines syllogism as: "a discourse in which, certain things having been supposed, something different from the things supposed results of necessity because these things are so.
Motion v. Rest
the earth will not change unless someone changes it versus, the earth is always changing it and humans simply add on to this change
Four Causes: Material, Efficient, Formal, Final
Material- what it is made of
Efficient- what brings the material together
Formal- the plans for what is put together
Final-the finished product
Socrates
One of the first philosophers, taught the youth new ideas, created rational thought, arrested for corrupting the youth, and creating dieties. died by hemlock
Plato
student of Socrates, famous of the cave allegory and meno
Meno
The goal is a common definition that applies equally to all particular virtues. They decide that virtue is described as that that has come about in a virtuous way.
Virtue
something done in a just and right way. virtue is something done in a virtuous way.
Aristotle
was an ancient Greek philosopher, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great
Pythagorean theorem
In any right triangle, the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of areas of the squares whose sides are the two legs (i.e. the two sides other than the hypotenuse).
Zeno’s paradox
In a race, the quickest runner can never overtake the slowest, since the pursuer must first reach the point whence the pursued started, so that the slower must always hold a lead
Syllogism
usually the categorical syllogism, is a kind of logical argument in which one proposition (the conclusion) is inferred from two others (the premises) of a certain form. In his Prior Analytics, Aristotle defines syllogism as: "a discourse in which, certain things having been supposed, something different from the things supposed results of necessity because these things are so.
Motion v. Rest
the earth will not change unless someone changes it versus, the earth is always changing it and humans simply add on to this change
Four Causes: Material, Efficient, Formal, Final
Material- what it is made of
Efficient- what brings the material together
Formal- the plans for what is put together
Final-the finished product
Doctrine of the Mean
A way according to confusious to gain perfect virtue. You must teach and learn and gain virtue by doing good.
Constantine
Roman Emperor, converted to Christianity, made Christianity legal, aided in the growth of Chrisitanity.
Edict of Milan
(AD 313) declared that the Roman Empire would be neutral with regard to religious worship, officially ending all government-sanctioned persecution, especially of Christianity
Divine Right
It states that a monarch owes his rule to the will of God, not to the will of his subjects, parliament, the aristocracy or any other competing authority
By this sign shalt thou conquer
The sign that Constantine saw before battle that converted him to Christianity. The sign was Chi Rho and he painted it on his soldiers shield.
Linear time
the thought that time does not repeat itself. It starts with creation, and ends with the second coming of Christ.
Mayan calendar
a calender of diffent combinations, that when put together, argues that time goes in a cycle
Basilica
originally used to describe a Roman public building (as in Greece, mainly a tribunal), usually located at the centre of a Roman town. After the Roman Empire became officially Christian, the term came by extension to refer to a large and important church that has been given special ceremonial rights by the Pope. Thus the word retains two senses today, one architectural and the other ecclesiastical.
Flying buttresses
In architecture, a flying buttress, or arc-boutant, is a butt, usually on a religious building, used to transmit the thrust of a vault across an intervening space (which might be an aisle, chapel or cloister), to a buttress outside the building. The employment of the flying buttress means that the load bearing walls can contain cut-outs, such as for large windows, that would otherwise seriously weaken the vault walls.
Labarum
The Roman emperor Constantine I (ruled 306 - 337) created a new military standard to be carried before his army which displayed the first two Greek letters of the word Christ - Chi (χ) and Rho, (ρ) which came to be known as the labarum
Keystone
In architecture, a keystone is the stone at the top of an arch. It is the supporting element for the entire arch— without it the arch would collapse.
Mohammed
Arab religious and political leader who established Islam and the Muslim community. He united the tribes of the Arabian Peninsula into a federation of allied tribes with its capital at Medina. Muhammad taught his followers that God (Arabic Allah) chose and commanded him to restore the original monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham and other prophets that had become corrupted by man over time. For the last 23 years of his life, beginning at the age of forty, Muhammad reported receiving revelations from God delivered through the angel Gabriel
Islam
is a monotheistic religion based upon the Qur'an, which adherents believe was sent by God (Arabic: الله Allāh) through Muhammad. Followers of Islam, known as Muslims (مسلم), believe Muhammad to have been God's final prophet. As a result, most of them see the actions and teachings of Muhammad as related in the Sunnah and Hadith to be indispensable tools for interpreting the Qur'an. Like Judaism and Christianity, Islam is an Abrahamic religion.
Koran
literally "the recitation"; also called al-qurʼān al-karīm "The Noble Qur'an"; also transliterated as Quran, Koran, and Al-Quran), is the central religious text of Islam. Muslims believe the Qur'an, in its original Arabic, to be the literal word of God that was revealed to Muhammad over a period of twenty-three years until his death.
Mutazilites
Mu'tazilis believed in the absolute unity and oneness of God. In this regard, they are no different from the overwhelming majority of Muslims.
Asharites
- is a school of early Muslim speculative theology named after its founder, the theologian Abu l'Hasan al-Ash`ari (d. 945). The disciples of the school are known as Asharites, and the school is also referred to as Asharite school. It was instrumental in drastically changing the direction of Islamic theology, separating its development radically from that of theology in the Christian world
Taqlid
Accepting the saying of a person without any proof or evidence
Ijtihad
- is a technical term of Islamic law that describes the process of making a legal decision by independent interpretation of the legal sources, the Qur'an and the Sunnah
Paper money
Paper money originated in two forms: drafts, which are receipts for value held on account, and "bills", which were issued with a promise to convert at a later date. . The development of money then comes from the role of agricultural capital and precious metals having a privileged place in the economy
Jiaozi
), the world's earliest paper money.
Chinese technology
-cast iron, gun powder, rockets, belt drive, wheel barrow, parachute, paper, paper money
Pascal’s triangle
In mathematics, Pascal's triangle is a geometric arrangement of the binomial coefficients in a triangle. It is named after Blaise Pascal, even though others studied it centuries before him