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147 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Orbicularis oculi action
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closes eyelids
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Orbicularis oris action
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It is sometimes known as the kissing muscle because it is used to pucker the lips.
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Masseter origin
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zygomatic arch and maxilla
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Masseter insertion
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coronoid process and ramus of mandible
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Masseter action
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elevation (as in closing of the mouth) and retraction of mandible
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Temporalis Origin
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temporal
lines of skull |
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Temporalis Insertion
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coronoid process
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Temporalis Action
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elevation and retraction of mandible
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Sternocleidomastoid Origin
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Sternal end of clavicle and manubrium
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Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
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mastoid region
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Sternocleidomastoid Action
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Acting alone, tilts head to its own side and rotates it so the face is turned towards the opposite side.
Acting together, flexes the neck, raises the sternum and assists in forced inspiration. |
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Splenius (capitis) Action
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neck rotation
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Erector spinae group Action
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Allows unilateral lateral flexion and bilateral extension of the spine
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Rectus abdominus action
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flexion of trunk/lumbar vertebrae
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External Oblique Action
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Rotates torso
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Internal oblique Action
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Compresses abdomen and rotates vertebral column
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Transverse Abdominis Action
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compress the ribs and viscera, providing thoracic and pelvic stability
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Diaphragm Action
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respiration
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External intercostals
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inhalation
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Internal intercostals Action
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Fix intercostal spaces during espiration. Aids forced inspiration by elevating ribs
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External oblique Action
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rotates torso
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Internal oblique Action
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Compresses abdomen; unilateral contraction rotates vertebral column to same side.
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Transverse abdominis Action
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compresses abdomen
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Trapezius Origin
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occipital bone, spinous processes of
thoracic vertebrae |
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Trapezius Insertion
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acromion/spine
and clavicle |
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Trapezius Action
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rotation, retraction, elevation, and depression of scapula
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Levator Scapulae Origin
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transverse
process of C1-C4 |
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Levator Scapulae Insertion
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vertebral border
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Levator Scapulae Action
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Elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
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Rhomboids' Action
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Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall.
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Pectoralis minor Action
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It stabilizes the scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall.
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Serratus anterior Action
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protracts and stabilizes scapula, assists in upward rotation.
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Deltoid Origin
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acromion/spine and clavicle
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Deltoid Insertion
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deltoid tuberosity
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Deltoid action
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shoulder abduction, flexion and extension
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Biceps brachii (short head) Origin
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coracoid process
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Biceps brachii (short head) Insertion
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radial tuberosity
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Biceps brachii Action
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flexes elbow and supinates forearm
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Biceps brachii (long head) Origin
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supraglenoid tubercle
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Biceps brachii (long head) Insertion
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radial tuberosity
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Coracobrachialis Origin
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coracoid process
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Coracobrachialis Insertion
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humeral shaft
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Coracobrachialis Action
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adducts humerus
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Pectoralis major Origin
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cartilage of ribs 2-6, sternum and
clavicle |
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Pectoralis major Insertion
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intertubercular groove of the humerus (greater tubercle)
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Pectoralis major Action
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Clavicular head: flexes the humerus
Sternocostal head: extends the humerus As a whole; adducts and medially rotates the humerus. It also draws the scapula anteriorly and inferiorly. |
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Latissumus dorsi Origin
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spinous processes or thoracic/lumbar vertebrae
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Latissumus dorsi Insertion
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intertubercular groove
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Latissumus dorsi Action
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adducts, extends and internally rotates the arm
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Teres Major Origin
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posterior aspect of the Inferior Angle of the Scapula
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Teres Major Insertion
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medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
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Teres Major Action
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Internal rotation (medial rotation) of the humerus
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Triceps brachii (long head) Origin
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infraglenoid
tubercle |
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Triceps brachii (long head) Insertion
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olecranon
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Triceps brachii (long head) Action
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adducts shoulder
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Subscapularis Origin
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subscapular fossa
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Subscapularis Insertion
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lesser tubercle of humerus
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Subscapularis Action
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rotates medially humerus; stabilizes shoulder
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Teres Minor Origin
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lateral border of the scapula
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Teres Minor Insertion
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inferior facet of greater tubercle of the humerus
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Teres Minor Action
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laterally rotates and adducts the arm
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Infraspinatus Origin
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infraspinous
fossa |
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Infraspinatus Insertion
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middle facet of greater tubercle of the humerus
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Infraspinatus Action
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Lateral rotation of arm and stabilizes humerus
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Supraspinatus Origin
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supraspinous fossa
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Supraspinatus Insertion
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greater tubercle of humerus
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Supraspinatus Action
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abduction of arm and stabilizes humerus see part on controversy of action.
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Biceps brachii Action
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flexes elbow and supinates forearm
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Brachialis Action
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flexion at elbow joint
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Brachioradialis Action
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Flexion of forearm
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Pronator teres Action
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pronation of forearm, flexes elbow
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Triceps brachii Action
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extends forearm, caput longum adducts shoulder
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Supinator Action
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Supinates forearm
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Flexor carpi radialis Action
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Flexion and abduction at wrist
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Flexor carpi ulnaris Action
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flexion of wrist
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Palmaris longus Action
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wrist flexor
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Extensor carpi radialis Action
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extensor and abductor of the hand at the wrist joint
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Extensor carpi ulnaris Action
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extends and adducts the wrist
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Flexor digitorum muscles Action
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Primary action is Flex digits
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Extensor digitorum muscles Action
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extension of hand, wrist and fingers
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Sartorius Origin
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anterior superior iliac spine
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Sartorius Insertion
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tibial shaft
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Sartorius Action
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Flexion of knee, Flexion of leg
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Rectus femoris Origin
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anterior inferior iliac spine
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Rectus femoris Insertion
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tibial
tuberosity |
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Rectus femoris Action
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knee extension; hip flexion
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Gluteus medius Origin
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iliac crest
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Gluteus medius Insertion
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Greater trochanter of the femur
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Gluteus medius Action
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abduction of the hip; preventing adduction of the hip. Medial rotation of thigh.
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Biceps femoris Origin (long head)
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ischial tuberosity
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Biceps femoris Insertion (long head)
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fibular head
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Biceps femoris Origin (short head)
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linea aspera
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Biceps femoris Insertion (short head)
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lateral condyle (tibia)
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Biceps femoris Action
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flexes knee joint, laterally rotates knee joint (when knee is flexed), extends hip joint (long head only)
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Gluteus maximus Origin
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iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
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Gluteus maximus Insertion
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iliotibial tract and gluteal
tuberosity |
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Gluteus maximus Action
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external rotation and extension of the hip joint, supports the extended knee through the iliotibial tract, chief antigravity muscle in sitting
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Semitendinosus Origin
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tuberosity of the ischium
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Semitendinosus Insertion
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tibial shaft
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Semitendinosus Action
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flex knee, extend hip joint
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Semimembranosus Origin
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ischial tuberosity
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Semimembranosus Insertion
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medial condyle (tibia)
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Semimembranosus Action
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Hip extension, Knee flexion
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Tensor fasciae latae Origin
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iliac crest/anterior superior iliac
spine |
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Tensor fasciae latae Insertion
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iliotibial tract
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Tensor fasciae latae Action
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Thigh - flexion, medial rotation, abduction. Trunk stabilization
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Gracilis Origin
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inferior ramus of pubis
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Gracilis Insertion
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tibial shaft
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Gracilis Action
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flexes hip, knee
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Iliopsoas (made of iliacus and psoas major) Action
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flexion of hip
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Iliacus Action
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flexes and rotates laterally thigh
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Psoas Action
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flexes and rotates laterally thigh
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Pectineus Action
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Thigh - flexion, adduction, medial rotation
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Piriformis Action
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rotate laterally (outward) the thigh
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Adductor longus Action
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adduction of thigh, flexion
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Adductor magnus Action
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adduction of hip
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Vastus lateralis Action
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Extends and stabilizes knee
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Vastus lateralis Origin
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Greater trochanter, Intertrochanteric line, and Linea aspera of the Femur
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Vastus lateralis Insertion
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tibial tuberosity
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Vastus medialis Origin
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linea aspera
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Vastus medialis Insertion
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tibial tuberosity
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Vastus medialis Action
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adduction of thigh, flexion
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Vastus intermedius Origin
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shaft of femur and linea aspera
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Vastus intermedius Insertion
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tibial tuberosity
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Vastus intermedius Action
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extends leg
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Gastrocnemius Origin
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superior to articular surfaces of lateral condyle of femur and medial condyle of femur
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Gastrocnemius Insertion
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tendo calcaneus (achilles tendon) into mid-posteior calcaneus
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Gastrocnemius Action
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plantar flexes foot, flexes knee
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Rectus femoris Origin
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anterior inferior iliac spine and the exterior surface of the bony ridge which forms the iliac portion of the acetabulum
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Rectus femoris Insertion
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inserts into the patellar tendon as one of the four quadriceps muscles
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Rectus femoris Action
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knee extension; hip flexion
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Sartorius Action
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Flexion of knee, Flexion of leg
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Gracilis Action
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flexes hip, knee
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Tibialis anterior Origin
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lateral
condyle and shaft of tibia |
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Tibialis anterior Insertion
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metatarsal I and medial
cunieform |
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Tibialis anterior Action
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Dorsiflexion and Inversion of the foot
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Extensor digitorum longus Origin
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lateral condyle of tbia and
fibula |
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Extensor digitorum longus Insertion
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phalanges of toes 2-5
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Extensor digitorum longus Action
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extension of toes and ankle
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Soleus Origin
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fibula, medial border of tibia (soleal line); head/shaft
of fibula, shaft of tibia |
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Soleus Insertion
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calcaneus
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Soleus Action
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plantarflexion
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Tibialis posterior Origin
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shafts of tibia and fibula
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Tibialis posterior Origin
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shafts of tibia and fibula
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Tibialis posterior Insertion
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navicular, cunieforms, metatarsals 2-4
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Tibialis posterior Action
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inversion of the foot, plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle
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Fibularis longus
(aka peroneus longus) |
plantarflexion, eversion
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