Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are Freud's 5 Stages of psychosexual stages of development?
|
5 Psychosexual Stages
Oral Anal Phallic Latency Genital |
|
|
What are Erik Erikson's Stages of Psychosocial Development
|
Basic Trust VS. Mistrust
Infancy Autonomy VS. Shame toddlerhood Initiative VS. Guilt Early Childhood Industry VS. Inferiority school age Ego Identity VS Role Confusion adolescence Intimacy VS Isolation young adulthood Generativity VS Stagnation middle adulthood --Mid-Life crisis may ocur. -- Fear of death. Ego Integrity VS. Despair old age Generativity VS Stagnation middle adulthood |
|
|
What does psychometric refer to?
|
mental testing or measurement.
|
|
|
What does psychodiagnostic refer to?
|
Psychodiagnostic refers to the study of personal by way of behavior and nonverbal communication.
|
|
|
What does psychopharmacology refer to?
|
Psychopharmacology investigates effects drugs have on psychological functions.
|
|
|
According Freud define the ID?
|
THE ID (“It”): functions in the irrational and emotional part of the mind. At birth a baby’s mind is all Id - want want want. The Id is the primitive mind. It contains all the basic needs and feelings. It is the source for libido (psychic energy). And it has only one rule --> the “pleasure principle”: “I want it and I want it all now”.
|
|
|
According Freud define the EGO?
|
THE EGO: (“I”): functions with the rational part of the mind. The Ego develops out of growing awareness that you can’t always get what you want. The Ego relates to the real world and operates via the “reality principle”. The Ego realises the need for compromise and negotiates between the Id and the Superego. The Ego's job is to get the Id's pleasures but to be reasonable and bear the long-term consequences in mind. The Ego denies both instant gratification and pious delaying of gratification.
|
|
|
According Freud define the SUPEREGO?
|
THE SUPEREGO (“Over-I”): The Superego is the last part of the mind to develop. It might be called the moral part of the mind. The Superego becomes an embodiment of parental and societal values. It stores and enforces rules. It constantly strives for perfection, even though this perfection ideal may be quite far from reality or possibility. Its power to enforce rules comes from its ability to create anxiety.
|
|
|
The only psychoanalyst who created a developmental theory to cover the entire life span?
|
Erik Erikson with his Stages of Psychosocial Development
|
|
|
What are Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development?
|
1 ) Sensorimotor= birth to 2 yrs with: object permanence
2 ) Preoperational = 2 to 7 yrs with Egocentrism, Animism and Irreversibility & Centration 3 ) Concrete Operartional = 7 to 11 yrs with: Conservation, and the ability to solve mental operations with 4 ) Formal Operations 11 yrs + ability to create theories |
|
|
Why have some behavioral scientists criticized Piaget?
|
Piaget derived his finding for cognitive development by observing his own children instead of using the general population.
|
|
|
According to Piaget define conservation?
|
conservation is the ability to see reversibility of (numbers, length, liquid, mass, weight, area, and volume), intelligence is demonstrated through logical and systematic manipulation of symbols related to concrete objects.
(e.g. water in a skinny bottle is the same volume as water in a short fat bottle). |
|
|
What is Piaget's definition of symbolic schema?
|
Symbolic schema is a mental structure that represents some aspect of the world. People use schemata to organize current knowledge and provide a framework for future understanding.
|
|
|
What is Piaget's definition of symbolic egocentrism?
|
Egocentrism is an inability for the child to cannot view the world from another person's point of view.
|
|
|
WHAT ARE KOHLBERG'S STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT?
|
Level 1. Preconventional Morality
Stage 1. Obedience and Punishment Orientation Stage 2. Individualism and Exchange. At this stage children recognize that there is not just one right view. Level II. Conventional Morality Stage 3. Good Interpersonal Relationships. Stage 4. Maintaining the Social Order. Level III. Postconventional Morality Stage 5. Social Contract and Individual Rights. At stage 4, people want to keep society functioning. |
|
|
What is Kohlberg's Heinz story?
|
A story about a man who steals a drug to help save his dieing wife (suffering from cancer). The story asses which stage of moral development a person is at.
|
|
|
What is Erikson's definition of identity crisis?
|
When an adolescent is confronted by role confusion, Erikson say he or she is suffering from an identity crisis. In fact, a common question adolescents in our society ask is a straight-forward question of identity: "Who am I?"
|
|
|
What do maturationists believe?
|
Maturationists believe behavior is guided by ONLY hereditary factors. Freud and Erikson were maturationists.
|
|
|
What is John Bowlby's Attachment Theory?
|
Bowlby explained that a child must bond with a an adult before the age of three to allow healthy development. Without this bonding psychopathology will develop.
|
|
|
What is Bowlby's definition of object loss.
|
When a bond is broken at an early age this is know as object loss.
|
