Human Geography Test #2

Front 1

Urbanization

Back 1

The spread and growth of cities

Front 2

Suburb

Back 2

An outer commuting zone of an urban area; associated with social homogeneity and a lifestyle suited to family needs

Front 3

Donut Effect

Back 3

A term that refers to a pronounced difference in growth rates between a core city (slow growth or no growth) and its surrounding areas (faster growth).

Front 4

Urbanism

Back 4

The urban way of life; associated with a declining sense of community and increasingly complex social and economic organization as a result of increasing size, density and heterogeneity.

Front 5

Guild

Back 5

An association of people who share the same trade or skill. Historically, guilds were formed to protect shared interests and to ensure some uniformity of practice.

Front 6

Mercantilism

Back 6

A school of economic thought dominant in Europe in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries that argued for the involvement of the state in economic life so as to increase national wealth and power.

Front 7

Economic Base Theory

Back 7

A theory that tries to explain the growth or decline of particular regions or cities in terms of "basic" and "non-basic economic activity: "basic goods and services are those produced for sale outside of the city.

Front 8

Primate City

Back 8

The largest city in a country, usually the capital city, which dominates its political, economic and social life.

Front 9

Producer Services

Back 9

Activities that offer a wide range of services to multinational and other companies that need to respond quickly to changing circumstances, including banking, insurance, marketing, accountancy, advertising, legal matters, consultancy and innovation services; in recent years, the fastest-growing sector of national economies in most of the more developed world

Front 10

Gateway City

Back 10

A city located at a key point of entry to a major geographic region or country, often a port or major rail centre, through which goods and people pass and in which several different cultural traditions are absorbed and assimilated.

Front 11

Green Belt

Back 11

A planned area of open, partially rural, land surrounding an urban.

Front 12

Garden City

Back 12

A planned settlement designed to combine the advantages of urban and rural living; an urban centre emphasizing spaciousness and quality of life.

Front 13

Conurbation

Back 13

A continuously built-up area formed by the coalescing of several expanding cities that were originally separate.

Front 14

Edge City

Back 14

A centre of office and retail activities located on the edge of a large urban centre.

Front 15

Informal Sector

Back 15

A part of a national economy involved in productive layout, but without any formal recognition, control or remuneration.

Front 16

Squatter Settlement

Back 16

A shanty town; a concentration of temporary dwellings, neither owned nor rented, at the city's edge; related to rural to urban migration, especially in less developed countries.

Front 17

Epidemiological transition

Back 17

A process associated with reductions in fertility and improvements in overall health. As the transition progresses, death and disability from communicable diseases decline in importance relative to problems resulting from non-communicable conditions.