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31 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Geopolitics

The study of how humans divide up the earth

State

A political unit that has sovereignity over a particular piece of land

Nation

A large group of people linked by a similar culture, language and history

Nation-state

A state that rules over a single nation

Ethnicity

The cultural aspects of a group of people

Race

The biological heritage of a group of people

Sovereignty

The power and authority of a state to govern itself

Boundaries

Human made inventions to separate areas on the earth

Superimposed boundaries

A political boundary that ignores the existing cultural realities on the ground

Conference of berlin

Colonial powers of Europe superimposed boundaries in africa and set up the devastating "scramble of Africa"

Boundary disputes

Disagreements over boundary placement and location. Often results in violent ethnic and/or religious conflict.

Balkinization

Breaking up an area into smaller independent units - often involves violence

Annexation

The opposite of balkinization. The adding of territory to an already existing state.

International law of the sea

1. A country cannot sail its ships within 12 miles of another countries coast


2. All countries have the right to explore gor resources up to 200 miles off their coast

Colonialism

When one nation establishes control over another nation

Imperialism

The ideas and attitudes that drive colonialism

Organic theory

A country behaves like an organism: in order to survive the state needs nourishment, or new territory, in order to survive

Self determination

The power of people to establish their own goverment however they want to

Democratization

The transition from an authoritarian regime to democracy

Country shapes

A. Compact


B. Elongated


C. Prorupted


D. Preforated


E. Fragmented

Embassy

The official residence and offices of a country's ambassador

Buffer state

A relatively small country sandwiched between two larger powers. They may often help to prevent dangerous conflicts between the powerful countries.

Heartland theory

Theory proposed by Halford Mackinder that suggested that any political power based in the heart of eurasia could gain enough strength to eventually dominate the world.

Rimland theory

Theory proposed by Nicholas spykman that suggested that the domination of the coastal fringes of eurasia would contain the heartland and provide the base for world conquest.

Domino theory

The idea that political destabilization in one country can lead to political destabilization in neighboring countries- starting a chain reaction of collapse

Centrifugal forces

Forces that tend to divide a country

Centripetal force

Forces that tend to unite or bind a country together

Nationalism

A sense of national pride to such an extent of exalting one nation above all others

Devolution

The delegation of legal authority fromba central goverment to lower levels of political organization, such as a state or country.

Supranational organizations

Organations of three or more states to promote shared goals EX:


1. EU (European Union)


2. NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)


3. UN (United Nations)


Globalization

The tendancy of businesses, technologies, and philosophies, to spread throughout the world