Human Geography

Front 1

An industrialized, corporate form of agriculture organized into integreated networks of agricultural inputs and outputs controlled by a small number of large corporations.

Back 1

Agribusiness

Front 2

Imports and exports between countries that are unrestricted by tariffs, quotas, or excessive approvals and paperwork.

Back 2

Free Trade

Front 3

Agriculture that takes place in the immediate surroindings of a permanent settlement.

Back 3

Sedentary Agriculture

Front 4

Artificial watering of farmland.

Back 4

Irrigation

Front 5

This arises when one region is relatively more efficient at producing a particular product compared with other regions.

Back 5

Comparative Advantage

Front 6

Domesticated animals such as cows, sheep, and poultry that are raised and managed to produce meat, milk, eggs, wool, leather, etc.

Back 6

Livestock

Front 7

Self-sufficient agriculture, usually small scale and low tech, primarily just for direct consumption by the local population.

Back 7

Subsistence Agriculture

Front 8

The application of biological science to the development of better strains of plants and animals for increasing agricultural yields.

Back 8

Green Revolution

Front 9

Agriculture primarily for the purpose of selling the products for money.

Back 9

Commercial Agriculture

Front 10

Agriculture in which a large amount of human work is applied per unit of output.

Back 10

Labor-intensive Agriculture

Front 11

A large estate that produces a single cash crop. Mainly found in the tropics.

Back 11

Plantation

Front 12

The rate at which the time separating two places decreases because of improvements in transportation or communication technology.

Back 12

Time-space Convergence

Front 13

The increasing economic, cultural, demographic, political, and environmental interdependence of different places around the world.

Back 13

Glabalization

Front 14

Agriculture in which a large amount of capital is applied per unit of output.

Back 14

Capital-intensive Agriculture

Front 15

The general mass of material or vegetation that dominates the surface of the land in a particular area.

Back 15

Land Cover

Front 16

Output per unit land per unit time (tons per acre per year)

Back 16

Yield

Front 17

The collecting of roots, seeds, fruit, and fiber from wild plants and the hunting and fishing of wild animals.

Back 17

Hunting and Gathering

Front 18

Large-area farms or ranches with low inputs of labor per acre and low output per acre.

Back 18

Extensive Agriculture

Front 19

An integrated agricultural system in which crops are grown and fed to livestock.

Back 19

Mixed Farming

Front 20

A farming method in tropical areas in which wild vegetation is cleared and burned before crops are planted. When the soil is deplinished farmers abandon the land to restore itself naturally, ad they move to new areas where they repeat the process.

Back 20

Shifting Cultivation

Front 21

Small area farms and ranches with high inputs of labor per acre and high output per acre.

Back 21

Intensive Farming

Front 22

Goods such as equipment and buildings used to produce other goods.

Back 22

Capital

Front 23

A period of technological change from the 1600's to the mid 1900's that started in Europe, beginging with pre-industrial improvements such as crop rotation and better horse collars, and concluding with industrial innovations to replace human labor with machines to supplement natural fertilizers and pesticides with chemical ones.

Back 23

Second Agricultural Revolution

Front 24

The intentional cultivation of crops and raising of livestock.

Back 24

Agriculture

Front 25

The interaction between glabal processes and local lifestyles. This is a two-way process in which the local and glbal shape each other.

Back 25

Glbal-Local Continuum

Front 26

The use of satellite images of the earth's surface.

Back 26

Remote Sensing

Front 27

A measure of how much distance discourages movement between places, based on time, energy, or dollar cost that must be expended.

Back 27

Friction of Distance

Front 28

The original invention of farming and domestication of livestock, 8,000-14,000 years ago and the subsequent dispersal of these methods from the source region.

Back 28

First Agricultural Revolution

Front 29

Migratory movement of herders and their animals according to the availability of grazing land.

Back 29

Nomadism

Front 30

Agriculture that uses a large area of land for production of a single crop year after year.

Back 30

Monoculture