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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a carrier?
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an individual with one recessive and one dominant allele
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What is deletion?
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It is when a fragment of a chromosome is removed
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Duplication?
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When a part of a chromosome is repeated
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Inversion?
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A fragment of a chromosome is reversed
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Translocation?
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A fragment of one chromosome attaches to a non-homologous chromosome
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What is Down Syndrome?
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A set of symptoms in people with Trisomy 21
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What is Trisomy 21?
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It is when someone has three number 21 chromosomes. It results in Down Syndrome
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What is a genetic councior?
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A person who collects and analyzes a person's genetic data
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What is a genome?
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The complete set of an organism's genetic material
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What is a growth factor?
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A protein that initiates cell division
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What is a histone?
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It is a protein that DNA wraps around
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What is nondisjunction?
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It is when chromosomes fail to separate during meiosis
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What is an oncogene?
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A cancer causing gene
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What is a pedigree?
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It is a family tree that records traces of the occurrence of a trait in that family
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What is a transposon?
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It is a genetic element that moves locations in a gene
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What is a tumor-suppressor gene?
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It codes for a protein that stops cell division or even makes the cell self destruct
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Example of a tumor-suppressor gene?
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BRCA1 can be mutated, and if inherited women have a greater chance of developing breast cancer
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What is a jumping gene?
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it is what is now called a transposon
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Who discovered them?
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Barbara McClintock
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What is the order of chromosome packaging in a cell's nucleus?
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First the DNA wraps around a histone, then it wraps into a helical fiber, and lastly it coils into a supercoil
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What is a genetic marker?
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It is a mutation in the genetic code
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How can a greater chance of getting cancer be inherited?
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If the mutated gene is passed on to the offspring
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