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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Trachea
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Airway leading from throat to lungs; lined with c-shaped rings of cartilage to stop it collapsing.
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Intercostal muscles
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Muscles between ribs which contract in inspiration to pull the ribcage up.
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Diaphragm
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Flat sheet of muscle that contracts to become flat in inspiration.
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Bronchi
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Airways leading from trachea into each lung; lined with cartilage.
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Bronchioles
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Smaller airways which the bronchi divide into; can dilate in exercise.
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Alveoli
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Tiny air sacs that provide the site for gas exchange.
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Pleural membranes
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Keep the thorax airtight and reduce friction during ventilation.
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Goblet cells
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Secrete mucus which traps pathogens and dirt.
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Ciliated cells
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They have hair like projections called cilia which beat rhythmically to waft the mucus up the bronchi and trachea to the throat.
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How are the alveoli adapted for gas exchange?
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Sac shaped- increased surface area for diffusion.
Thin wall- shorter distance for diffusion. Wrapped in capillaries- moving blood around means steep concentration gradient for faster diffusion. |
