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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Locus
Location of a gene on a chromosome
Allele
Variant form of a gene
Homozygous
e.g TT or tt
have the same allele at both loci of a gene
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles at the loci of a gene
e.g Tt or tT.
George Mendel ( 1812- 1884)
father of genetics
experiment on garden peas
inheritance concept
- segregation
- independant assortment
Mendal's Law of Segregation
Two alleles of a gene found on each pair of chromosomes segregate into gametes.
- Dominant alleles
-Recessive alleles
Dominant Allele
allele always expressed if present
Recessive Allele
Overshadowed in the presence of a dominant allele
Genotype
Genetic make up
Phenotype
physical expression/ characteristics
Gametes
Sex Cells
Haploid
Zygote
Fertilised Egg
Diploid
Mendel's 2nd Law - Independant Assortment
Traits from different genes sort independantly
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE)
P2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, p + q = 1
Dominant Alleles e.g CC = p (squared)
Recessive Allele e.g cc = q (squared)
Heterozygous Cc = 2 x p x q
HWE Condition
No factors of evolution
no gene flow
no gene drift
no mutation
no natural selection
large population size
sexual repoduction