Human Development Final Chapter 15

Front 1

presbyopia

Back 1

growth in size of hte lens combined with weakening of the muscle that enables the eye to accomodate (adjust its focus) to nearby objects. Around age 60, the lens loses its capacity to adjust to objects at varying disances entirely. "old eyes"

Front 2

glaucoma

Back 2

a disease in which poor fluid drainage leads to a buildup of pressure withint the eye, damaging the optic nerve. Affects nearly 2 prcent of people over age 40.

Front 3

glaucoma often affects who?

Back 3

people over age 40. more often women than men. It runs in families.

Front 4

what is presbycusis?

Back 4

a hearing emparment that is mostly age related. "old hearing"

Front 5

what sound frequency is hard to hear with presbycusis and what age does it normally occur around?

Back 5

high pitch, normally accurs around age 50

Front 6

weight bearing exercise often off sets?

Back 6

both excess weight and muscle loss

Front 7

As we age the epidermis becomes less?

Back 7

becomes less firmly attached to the dermis, fibers in the dermis thin, and fat in the hypodrmis diminishes, leading the skin to wrinke and loosen.

Front 8

why does height drop with age?

Back 8

loss of bone strenght causes the disks in the spinal column to collaps. Height may drop by as much as 1 inch by age 60.

Front 9

what is climacteric?

Back 9

the midlife transistion in which fertility declines.

Front 10

what is climacteric look like in women?

Back 10

brings an end to reproductive capacity. occurs gradually over a 10 year peroid during which the production of estrogen drops.

Front 11

rate of lung cancer has?

Back 11

dropped,. lung cancer dropped in men; 50 percent fewer smoke today thin in the 1950s

Front 12

atherosclerosis

Back 12

a buildup of plaque in coronary arteries, which encirlce the heart and provide its muscles with oxyend and nutrients. these indicators of cardiovascular disease are known as "silent killers" because they often have no symptoms.

Front 13

cardiovascular disease

Back 13

number 1 reason of death. 25% of deaths are do to cardiovascular disease. more prominent in males. (heart disease) (arrhythmia-irregular heartbeat.)

Front 14

cancer

Back 14

from early to middle adulthood cancer multiplies tenfold. Cancer occurs when a cell's genetic program is disrupted, leading to uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells that crownd out normal tissues and organs. Number 2 leading cause of death.

Front 15

osteoporosis

Back 15

when age-related bone loss is severe. affects the majority of people of both sexes over age 70 both men and women.

Front 16

major factor of osteoporosis in women?

Back 16

the decline in estrogen associated with menopause. the earlier a woman reaches menopause, the greater her chances of developing osteoporosis related to estrogen loss.

Front 17

does heredity play a role in osteoporosis?

Back 17

yes. a family history of osteoporosis increases risk.

Front 18

way to reduce risk of osteoporosis?

Back 18

maximize peak bone density by increasing calcium and vitamin D intake and engaging in reagular exercise in childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood.

Front 19

Type A behavior pattern is characterized by?

Back 19

extreme competitiveness, ambition, impatience, hostility, angry outbursts, and a sense of time pressure. As peope get angry, heart rate, blood pressure, and stress hormones secalate until the body's response is extreme.

Front 20

adult attention spand

Back 20

studies of attention focus on how much information adults can take into their mental systems at once; the extent to which they can attend selectiviely, ignoring irrelevant information; and the ease with which they can adapt their attention, switching from one task to another as the situation demands. with age, it is harder to engage in tow activities simultaneously.

Front 21

practical intelligence

Back 21

emphasizes that intelligent people adapt their information processing skills to fit with their personal desires and the demands of their evncironments.

Front 22

what is practical problem solving?

Back 22

it requires people to size up real-world situations and analyze how best to achieve goals that have a high degree of uncertainty.

Front 23

What is expertise and how does in effect practical problem solving?

Back 23

gains in expertise-an extensive, highly organized , and integrated knowledge base that can be used to support a high level of performance. Leads to highly efficient and effective approaches to solving problems that are organized around abstract principles and intuitive judgments.

Front 24

creativity

Back 24

the quality of creativity may change iwht advancing age-in at least three ways.
1) creativive works after age 40 often appear more deliberately thoughtful.
2)shift from generating unusual products to combining extensive knowledge and experience into unique ways of thinking.
3) creativity shifst from a largely egocentric concern with selfexpression to more alturistic goals. This can contribute to decline in creativity in later years.