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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Systems Theory |
Systems theory views human behavior through larger contexts, such as family, community, and society. "person in environment" |
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Family Systems Theory |
Argues that in order to understand a family system you must look at the family as a whole. All parts of the family are interrelated. |
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Family Therapy |
Treats the family as a unified whole. Goal is to interrupt bad patterns and replace with new sustaining patterns. Strategic, Structural, Bowenian |
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Strategic Family Therapy |
(social worker driven) Social worker initiates what happens during therapy, designs a specific approach for each person's presenting problem, and takes responsibility for directly influencing people. |
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Structural Family Therapy |
Stresses importance of family organization for the functioning of the group and the well-being of its members. Focus on boundaries: interpersonal, with outside world, and generational |
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Bowenian Family Therapy |
Goal is not to reduce symptoms, but to improve overall functioning. 8 theoretical constructs: differentiation, emotional system, multigenerational transmission, emotional triangle, nuclear family, family projection process, sibling position, and societal regression. |
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Group Theories |
Group work is a method of social work that helps individuals to enhance their social functioning through purposeful group experiences. |
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Individual Self-Actualization Occurs Through |
-Release of feelings that block social performance -Support from others -Orientation to reality and check out own reality with others -Reappraisal of self |
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Stages of Group Development |
1. preaffliation- development of trust 2. power and control-struggles for individual autonomy and group identification 3. intimacy- utilizing self in use of group 4. differentiation- acceptance of each other as distinct individuals 5. seperation/termination-independence |
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Psychodynamic Theories |
Explain the origin of personality. Emphasize unconscious motives and desires as well as the importance of childhood experiences. |
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Psychoanalytic Theory |
Client is seen as a product of his/her past and treatment involves dealing with repressed material. Personality comes from conflict between desires and what is socially acceptable. |
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Psychosexual Stages of Development |
1. Oral 2. Anal 3. Phallic 4. Latency 5. Genital |
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Individual Psychology |
Main motivation: striving for perfection Terms: compensation, inferiority, overcompensation. Goal: develop more adaptive lifestyle by overcoming feelings of inferiority and contribute more to others |
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Self Psychology |
Defines self as central organizing and motivating force in personality. If needs are not met as a child causes problems later. |
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Ego Psychology |
Focuses on the rational, conscious process of the ego. Maintain ego's control and management of stress and its effects. |
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Stages of Psychosocial Development |
Erikson's 8 Stages 1. Trust vs Mistrust 2. Autonomy Vs. Shame and Doubt 3. Initiative Vs. Guilt 4. Industry Vs. Inferiority 5. Identity Vs. Role Confusion 6. Intimacy Vs. Isolation 7. Generativity Vs. Stagnation 8. Ego Integrity Vs. Despair |
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Object Relations Theory |
Centered on relationships with others. Lifelong relationship skills are strongly rooted in early attachments with parents. |
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Behavioral Theory |
Suggest that personality is a result of interaction between the individual and the environment. Types: Respondent/Classical Conditioning (Pavlov)-pairing stimuli Operant Conditioning (Skinner)- use of consequences good and bad |
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Cognitive Theory |
Address the knowledge, development of brain and use Piaget: 1. sensorimotor 2. preoperational 3. concrete operations 4. formal operations Kohlberg: 1. obey for fear of punishment. 2. obey to get reward. 3. obey to gain approval 4. obey to fulfill obligation 5. obey for welfare of others. 6. obey based on individual principles. |
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Learning Theory |
Framework describing how information is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning. |
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Types of Learning Theories |
1. Behaviorist- learning through change in behavior and outside stimuli 2. Cognitive- internal mental process 3. Humanistic- person's activities aimed at reaching full potential 4. Social/Situational- learning through interactions and observations in social context. |
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Community Development Theories |
-Build communities based on justice, equality, and mutual respect. -Must understand power structure to create change. -Community organization- working with community not for community. enhance participatory skills of local citizens |
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Person-In-Environment |
highlights the importance of understanding individual behavior in the environmental context. |
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Addiction Risk Factors |
1. Family 2. Social 3. Psychiatric: mental health 4. Behavioral |
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Addiction Models |
1. Biopsychosocial: complex model including all areas of life 2. Medical: genetic causes, brain reward mechanism, altered brain chemistry 3. Self Medication Model 4. Family and Environmental Model 5. Social Model: drug use is learned |
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Stages of Treatment |
1. Stabilization: establishing abstinence, accepting problem, deciding to change 2. Rehabilitation: remaining substance free, establish stable lifestyle, coping skills, increase supports 3. Maintenance: focus on stabilizing gains, relapse prevention, and termination. |
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Addiction Treatment Approaches |
1. medication assisted 2. psychosocial or psychological: modify maladaptive feelings 3. behavioral: extinguish undesirable behaviors and encourage desired ones 4. self-help group: AA, NA |
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Communication Theory |
Involves the way in which information is transmitted; the effects information has on human systems; how people perceive information; how they evaluate it; and how they subsequently act in response to it. |
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Communication Concepts |
Acceptance: acknowledgement of "what is" Cognitive Dissonance: has to choose between two contradictory beliefs Congruence: matching of awareness, experience, and communication Double Blind: offering two contradictory messages and prohibiting the recipient from noticing Echolalia: repeating noises and phrases |
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Defense mechanisms |
behaviors that protect people from anxiety. Defense mechanisms are not voluntary |
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Adult Development |
Refers to the changes that occur in biological, psychological, and interpersonal domains of human life from the end of adolescence until death. |
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Traumatic Experience |
often involves threat to life or safety may be any situation that leaves a client feeling overwhelmed and alone, even if it does not include physical harm. |
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Emotional and Psychological Symptoms of Trauma |
-shock, denial, disbelief -anger, irritability, mood swings -guilt, shame, self-blame -feeling sad or hopeless -confusion, difficulty concentrating -anxiety and fear -withdrawing from others -feeling disconnected and numb |
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Physical Symptoms of Trauma |
-insomnia, nightmares -being startled easy -racing heartbeat -aches and pains -fatigue -difficulty concentrating -edginess, agitation -muscle tension |
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Signs of Domestic Abuse |
1. Suspicious Injury 2. Somatic Complaints 3. Behavioral Presentation 4. Controlling/Coercive behavior of partner |
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Cycle of Violence |
1. Tension building 2. Battering Incident 3. Loving- Contrition |
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Social Exchange Theory |
Based on the idea of totaling potential benefits and losses to determine behavior |
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Family Life Cycle |
1. Family of origin experiences 2. Leaving home 3. Premarriage State 4. Childless Couple Stage 5. Family with young children 6. Family with adolescents 7. Launching children 8. Later family life |
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Cognitive Development |
Focuses on development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of brain development. |
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Social Development |
Micro: learning how to behave and interact well with others. Macro: a commitment that developmental processes need to benefit people |
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs |
1. Physiological Needs 2. Safety Needs 3. Social Needs 4. Esteem Needs 5. Self-Actualization |
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Gender Role Theory |
asserts that observed gender differences in behavior and personality characteristics are the product of socialization experiences. |
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Ecological Perspective |
rooted in systems theory, focus of intervention is on the interface between the client and the environment. Concerned with issues of power and privilege |
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Stages of Grief |
1. Denial and Isolation 2. Anger 3. Bargaining 4. Depression 5. Acceptance |
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Three Stage Model of Adolescent Cultural and Ethnic Identity Development |
1. unexamined cultural, racial, ethnic identity 2. cultural, racial, and ethnic identity search 3. identity achievement |
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Strengths Perspective |
based on the assumption that clients have the capacity to grow, change, and adapt. |
