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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Parent-adolescent relations
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-Time spent together decreases
-Conflict over every day issues -Rate of conflict: 1 fight every 3 days -Storm & Stress Period |
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Changes in peer relations,
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-Time w/ Peers increase
-Less adult supervision -Opposite-sex contact increases |
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Cliques and Crowds
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Clique: Who do you hang out with? Tend to be same age/sex, tend to have some social class/race
Crowd: A group of individuals put together though to share a common trait. *Reputation based, don't neccessarily spend time together or specifically chosen. |
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Friendship
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Qualities: loyalty, intamcy, closeness, trust, mutual self-disclosure
Similarity: Achievement orientation, Orienation toward teen culture, Antisocial Behavior |
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Stress - personal and situational factors influencing response to stress
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-Psychological response: Heart ratem BP, respiration, persperation
-Chronic stress may effect disease response (more serious health problems) |
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College - how it affects cognitive development
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-Learn material, applying reasoning, understanding multiple sides of issues, can hold multiple perspectives, interest in literature, arts, etc, greater tolerance for ehtnic & cultural diversity.
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Developmental changes in career selection
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1. Fanatasy Period(E/M Child)
2. Tentative Period(E/M Adol) 3. Realistic Period(Ladol/Eadult) *Factors that influence career: Personality, family influences, teachers, gender stereotypes |
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Singlehood-why numbers of singles are increasing
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*Expanded life style, career, marrying older, increase in divorce, increase # of women in college, cohabitation
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Ambivalents
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See singleness as volunatry and temporary (usually younger)
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Wishfuls
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-Involuntary & temporary single
-Seeking a partner but unsuccessful (younger) |
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Resolved
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-See themseleves as permantently single
-Prefer it this way |
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Regretfuls
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-Prefer to marry but resigned to "fate"
-Often older, educated women -Shortage of similary men |
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Attraction-do opposites attract?
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No; Most often similarity, attitudes, personality, interests, and appearance
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Love - know types of love and be able to apply
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Romantic/Passionate: sexual, infatuation, falling in love
Affectionate/Companionate: deep, caring affection, committment Consummate Love: Passion, intamcy, and committment |
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Trends in marriage – ages and divorce rate trend
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Age of 1st marriage is rising
-Men:27 Women: 25 Avg. length of marriage -8 years |
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Advantages to having children earlier
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-More energy
-Less medical problems (in birth/pregnancy) -May have less built-up expectations |
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Advantages to having children later
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-Maturity
-Established, greater income -May have more time to consider goals in life |
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Factors associated with transition to parenthood that contribute to relationship problems, including division of labor
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-Crisis or reorganization
-Marital satisfaction decreases (esp. for women) -Division of labor-major stress -Money -Relationship Difficulties -Social life |
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Single Parents
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-Largest growing famiy in US
(divorced/unmarried moms) -Largest groups: Hispanic/AA -Increase in Single fathers (custody after divorce 1/6) -Less social/economic support |
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Step-Parents
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-Difficult: Transistion to marriage & parenting, negotiate roles/boundaries
-Harder for stepmothers (responsible for new family, counter they "wicked" myth) -Are there other children?(big factor) |
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Gay and Lesbian Parents
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-Families are similar to heterosexual
-Just as committed -Large Majority of children are heterosexual -Misconceptions: *children will b stigmatized *can't be in long term relationships *not as committed |
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Changes in senses and appearance in Middle Adulthodd
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-Hearing:loss, accelerate gradually, rapidly after 40
-Vision:Trouble viewing things close, eyes ability to adjust/focs decrease (50s); need more light -Appearance: wrinkles (self inflicted by sun damage), hair(thinning/greying), bodies(decrease in height in 50s b/c of spine, weight gain) |
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Smoking – why people smoke and the factors involved in quitting
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-A pleasureable life: nicotine boosts a good mood, gets rid of cravings, makes them feel good.
-Increase Performance: think better, faster, hooks those mildly depressed, increases metabolism, fear of weight gain -Quitting: no one method is proven to be more successful, environment needs to be right |
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Exercise – effects
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-Exercise modifies disease process-cope w/stress, general psychological health, women = more inactive than men, undereducated ppl exercise elss, less money = less exercise
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Menopause – what is involved, including the hormones, estrogen replacement therapy
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-Typically occurs b/w late 40s, early 50s
-Can last 10-15 years -Transistion from being able to have children to not -Symptoms: hot flashes, headaches, heart palpatations, aching joints -Estrogen Repl. Therapy: pills that reduce heart disease/osteoperosis; increase risk for breast cancer |
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Empty nest – what is it, what is the myth about it, and how has it changed
Boomerang Children |
-Satisfaction in marriage icreases
*Financial security, more time together, increase equity -Hardest for mother's whose identity is her children -Seek financial dependence, come and go as they please, late hours, failure to clean, not follow rules |
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Sandwich generation
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-Issue of dealing w/ aging parents & raising kids, hard time for esp. women
-Peronality-what happened to mid adulthood? |
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Remote Grandparent
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Not intimately involved, usually deals w/ geographic location, 29%
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Involved Grandparent
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In day-to-day life issues, typically grandmothers, usually live in or near grandkids, discipline & parenting
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Companionate Grandparent
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Regular, affectionate interaction, not involved in parenting, most common, 55%
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Surrogate Parents
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Take over grandchildren & parent, typically when parents are young, poor, unemployed, signle, newly divorced
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Life Expectancy/Longevity
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-Age expecatancy of year person was boprn, avg length of time now; F-80 M-74
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Exercise in Late Adulthood
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-Moderately or highly fit has been found to relate to lower death rate
-Strength training/aerobic exercise is recommended -minimize the psychological changes associated w/ aging -can optimize body composition as aging occurs -related to prevention of common diseases & treatments of disease -related to increased longevity |
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Alzheimer Disease
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-4.5 million in US; appx. 13.2 million by 2050
-Women live longer: 6 v. 4 yrs -Age at diagnosis: 70 = survival time vs. 80s -Iniitial tests of memory & performance -other problems: heart failure, diabeties, etc. -links w/ education; more edu. better memory and learning ability -Risks and protective factors *Diet (unsaturated vs. saturated) *Vitamins (antioxidents) *Exercise |
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Hospice
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-dedicated to reducing pain & helping patients die w/ dignity
-often inclueds the dying patients family members -includes home-based programs -criteria for admission *completion of all treatment *patient awareness *the patient & family have a clear understanding of goals of hospice care |
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Kubler-Ross Stages of Dying
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1. Denial and Isolation
-deny reality, shock,"not me" -usually brief 2. Anger -rage, envy = "why me?" -may be difficult to care for and relate to 3. Bargaining -"yes me, but.." -deal for an extension -short lived 4. Depression -impending death is obvious -mourn death, loss of importnat things/people -you should't try to cheer them up accd. to Kubler-Ross 5. Acceptance -end of struggle -often w/out pain/feelings -not happy but peaceful |
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Criticisms about Kubler-Ross' Stages
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-Not true stages--a guide of emotional states
-does not help us understand the process & needs of the dying & their families |
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Grief
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-Sorrow, hurt, anger, guilt, confusion after los
-Mourning: cultureally patterns of expressions of grief -Physical symptoms -May be prolonged *overwhelming or periodic |
