Human Development #3

Front 1

*Essay*
What is the difference between
a child center preschool to
a Head Start?

Back 1

Child-centered preschools focus more on individuality and the freedom to choose their own activities and interact individually with the teacher.
Head Start is federally funded and focuses more on improving physical health, enhancing cognitive skills, and giving a sense of dignity and self-worth for the child and the family

Front 2

Piaget's 1st Stage is__________
They learn by_____________

Back 2

Sensorimotor
learn thru senses and motor activity

Front 3

Piaget's 2nd Stage is__________
They learn by _________________

Back 3

Preoperational
they learn symbol system (shapes, colors,etc)

Front 4

Piaget's 3rd Stage is__________
They learn by_________________

Back 4

Concrete Operational
they think in "concrete" (actual)
they think logically about everything

Front 5

Self-Esteem

Back 5

the judgment a person makes about his or her self-worth

Front 6

Gender Identity

Back 6

Awareness, developed in early childhood, that one is male or female

Front 7

Identification

Back 7

In Freudian theory, the process by which a young child adopts characteristics, beliefs, attitudes, values, and behaviors of the parent of the same sex.

Front 8

Functional Play

Back 8

Play involving repetitive muscular movements

Front 9

Constructive Play

Back 9

Play involving use of objects or materials to make something

Front 10

Pretend Play

Back 10

Play involving imaginary people or situations; also called fantasy play, dramatic play, or imaginative play

Front 11

Discipline

Back 11

Methods of molding children's character and of teaching them to exercise self-control and engage in acceptable behavior

Front 12

Corporal Punishment

Back 12

Use of physical force with the intention of causing pain, but not injury, to correct or control behavior

Front 13

Power Assertion

Back 13

Disciplinary strategy designed to discourage undesirable behavior through physical or verbal enforcement of parental control

Front 14

Inductive Techniques

Back 14

Disciplinary techniques designed to induce desirable behavior by appealing to a child's sense of reason and fairness

Front 15

Physical Abuse

Back 15

infliction of bodily injury on a child

Front 16

Neglect

Back 16

failure to meet a child's basic needs

Front 17

Sexual Abuse

Back 17

sexual activity involving a child and an older person

Front 18

Emotional Maltreatment

Back 18

action or inaction that may cause behavioral, cognitive, emotional, or mental disorders

Front 19

Erikson's First Stage is_______
The Virtue learned is_________
Parents help how..?

Back 19

Trust V. Mistrust
Virtue:Hope,belief that they can fulfill their needs & desires
Parents:Pick them up when they cry

Front 20

Erikson's Second Stage is_______
The Virtue learned is___________
Parents help how....?

Back 20

Autonomy V. Shame & Doubt
Virtue:A will, start activities & finish them
Parents:Never do for them what they can do themselves

Front 21

Erikson's 3rd Stage is__________
The virtue learned is__________
Parents help how...?

Back 21

Initiative V. Guilt
Virtue:Purpose, courage to pursue goals
Parents:Let them do things they want to do

Front 22

Erikson's 4th Stage is_________
The virtue learned is__________
Parents help how....?

Back 22

Industry V. Inferiority
Virtue: Competence, able to master new skills
Parents:Help them learn new skills like reading, writing,and how to use computers

Front 23

Qualities of Resilient children

Back 23

Good relationship w/one supporting adult
Good cognitive functioning
Good problem solvers
Adaptable
Friendly
Well Liked
Independent
Sensitive to others
Resourceful
Creative

Front 24

The 3 Parenting styles

Back 24

Authoritarian
Permissive
Authoritative

Front 25

Describe Authoritarian & how children turn out

Back 25

Control & Unquestioning obedience. Want children to conform to a set standard of conduct. Punish forcefully
Kids:discontented, withdrawn, distrustful

Front 26

Describe Permissive & how children turn out

Back 26

Value self-expression & self-regulation. Make few demands on child and allow children to monitor own activity. Consult kids with decisions. Rarely punish
Kids: Least self-controlled, least exploratory

Front 27

Describe Authoritative & how children turn out

Back 27

Values individuality, stress social constraints. Guide them & believe in independent decisions, interests, opinions. Loving, accepting, demand good behavior, firm in maintaining standards
Kids:Feel secure in knowing they are loved & firmly guided, self-reliant, self-controlled, exploratory, content

Front 28

Obesity

Back 28

extremem overweight in relation to age, sex, height, and body type

Front 29

Enuresis

Back 29

Repeated urination in clothing or bed

Front 30

Handedness

Back 30

Preference for using a particular hand

Front 31

Animism

Back 31

tendency to attribute life to objects that are not alive

Front 32

Centration

Back 32

In Piaget's theory, tendency of preoperational children to focus on one aspect of a situation and neglect others

Front 33

Irreversibility

Back 33

Piaget's term for a preoperational child's failure to understand that an operation can go in two or more directions

Front 34

Egocentrism

Back 34

Piaget's term for inability to consider another person's point of view

Front 35

Fast Mapping

Back 35

Process by which a child absorbs the meaning of a new word after hearing it once or twice in conversation

Front 36

Pragmatics

Back 36

the practical knowledge needed to use language for communicative purposes

Front 37

Social Speech

Back 37

speech intended to be understood by a listener

Front 38

Private Speech

Back 38

talking aloud to oneself with no intent to communicate

Front 39

Emergent literacy

Back 39

preschooler's development of skills, knowledge, and attitudes that underlie reading and writing