Human Communication

Front 1

Face management:

Back 1

theories believe face is central to coordinating and continuing human interaction

Front 2

Staircase Model of Interaction (and all the stages going both up and down)

Back 2

• Initiating: meeting, first impressions
• Experimenting: seeking more info
• Intensifying: adopt nicknames, talk about we, develop private symbols, show more commitment
• Integrating: couple because one, increased physical intimacy, tokens of commitment
• Bonding: rituals that demonstrate commitment (coupling stage)
• Differentiation: less about us, more about time
• Circumscribing: controlling the type/ content of communication
• Stagnating: communication at a stand still
• Avoiding: don’t’ waste to spend the time
• Terminating: end the relationship

Front 3

On record:

Back 3

use politeness to soften the blow

Front 4

Bald on record:

Back 4

the most direct way to ask

Front 5

Face work

Back 5

act of supporting and maintaining our face and that of others

Front 6

Groupthink (all eight propositions)

Back 6

1. Illusion of invulnerability: decisions made will result in triumph and victory, never defeat
2. Unquestioned morality: the cause is just, and there’s no need to question what they are proposing. They are only doing what is best for their just cause
3. Collective Rationalization: Their decision is correct, regardless of any evidence to the contrary.
4. Stereotyping opponents negatively: anyone against us is evil, stupid, unjust, etc.
5. Self-Censorship: group members keep criticisms to themselves
6. Direct Pressure on Dissenters: members, often the leader, will pressure those that voice other opinions to conform.
7. Presence of mind guards: persons take on the responsibility of making sure the group does not hear information contrary to their proposal
8. Illusion of unanimity: members believe everyone in the group agrees, when several actually disagree

Front 7

Describe each of the functional requisites in the Functional Theory of Decision Making.

Back 7

1. Understanding the problem
2. Establishment of goals and objectives
3. Identifying alternative realistic proposals
4. Evaluation of positive and negative qualities associated with alternative choices

Front 8

Describe the relational dialectics theory and each of the three dialectical tensions. What is the difference between an internal form and an external form of the tensions?

Back 8

1. Integration and separation: wanting to be connected vs. wanting to be separate
2. Expression and privacy: wanting to be open vs. wanting to be close
3. Stability and change: wanting sameness vs. wanting variety
• Internal form: connection/autonomy, openness/ closeness, predictability/ novelty
• External form: inclusion/seclusion, revelation/ concealment, conventionality/ uniqueness

Front 9

Function Theory of Decision Making

Back 9

• Group communication occurs any time members of a group step up and perform a task that will make the group successful
• Interested in how decisions are made by a group
• Certain criteria, or functional requisites, need to be satisfied in order for a good decision to be made

Front 10

Social Judgment Theory:

Back 10

Attitudes fall on a continuum

Front 11

Interpersonal control strategies:

Back 11

attempts to control the way the other person acts or things: interrupting, using commands, or using formal titles.

Front 12

Discourse management strategies:

Back 12

controlling or yielding control of the topic

Front 13

Describe Social Judgment Theory

Back 13

• Attitudes fall on a continuum
• Your latitude of acceptance represents the position on that attitude continuum that a person finds acceptable
• A persons ideal position is centered within the latitude of acceptance and is referred to as the anchor
• Your latitude of rejection represents the positions on the continuum a person find unacceptable.
• Degrees of persuasion
o Persuasion involves any movement by a listener from left to right, in notches
• When people perceive a message falls in their latitude of acceptance, assimilation is hypothesized to occur, receivers judge a message as being close to their own position then it actually is
• When people perceive a message falls within their latitude of rejection, contrast effects are hypothesized to occur; receivers judge the message to be more different from their own position than it actually is
• The further a message is from one’s anchor, while still in their latitude of acceptance, the more persuasion will occur.

Front 14

According to the Theory of Reasoned Action, what is the best predictor of human behavior? What are the two components of that best predictor?

Back 14

1. The individuals attitude toward performing the behavior
2. The existing subjective norms: the individuals perception of the social appropriateness of the behavior

Front 15

Phases of Social Penetration Theory

Back 15

1. Orientation phase: discuss superficial information: major, what you like
2. Exploratory affective exchange phase: individuals explore how each other feels, social attitudes, political views
3. Full affective exchange phase: discloser is more personal, including hopes, fears, goals, and spiritual beliefs,
4. State exchange phase: disclosure of one’s core personality. Communication is very intimate and very predictable.

Front 16

Theory of Reasoned Action:

Back 16

When people have time to think about how they are going to act, the best indicator (predictor) of their behavior is their intention And to determine a persons intentions we need to know two things

Front 17

Social Penetration Theory:

Back 17

: trying to minimize our costs and maximize our rewards. But, before we self-disclose, we mentally weigh out the threat of vulnerability and the discomfort of sharing personal information.