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13 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Why do Primates often give birth to one child?
Easier to care for them
More food for the child
Results in fewer birth and longer pregnancy which increases survival (allows larger foetus)
What are the benefits of food sharing within a group?
Creates social relationships
Provides enough food for big brains
State the benefits of an extended chldhood?
Learn complex skills (language, use of tools).
Can only reproduce once they are skilled enough to care for their own children.
Practice adult skills by playing with other young primates (fighting, finding food, social skills).
Allows high culture
Greater intelligence
What does bipedalism mean?
Walking upright.
What three body features affect bipedalism?
Pelvic bone, spine and foramen magnum
What does the human pelvic bone do to help stay upright?
Allows hip muscles to stabilize body when walking
Supports internal organs when upright
Positioning of knees supports body when walking upright
What shape does the spine have?
How does this help bipedalism?
an S-shaped curve.
Rigidity and balance when standing.
What is the Foramen magnum ?
Hole through which spinal cord attaches to brain, helps balance.
What can the human thumb do?
Thumb can touch each of the other fingers, OPPOSABLE.
What are the two types of grip?
Precision grip and Power grip.
How has skin colour adapted?
Darker skin in tropical environment, where ultraviolet radiation from sun is intense
What do darker skins contain?
Melanin (protective shield against UV radiation).
Prevent sunburn which may result in DNA changes and, subsequently, melanoma.
What are the disadvantages of having darker skin?
Prevent production of vitamin D.
Osteoporosis or rickets.