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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nucleic Acids |
-made of nucleotide subunits -includes rna and dna -functions in the cell to make proteins |
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Prokaryotic |
-bacteria and archaea -not enclosed in membrane -lack a nucleus -1st cells to evolve |
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Eukaryotic |
-nucleus that houses dna -membrane-bound organelles |
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Plasma membrane |
-phospholipid layer -cholesterol for support -embedded with proteins -selectively permeable -carbohydrates (ID tags) |
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Diffusion |
The random movement of molecules from a higher concentration to q lower concentration |
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Osmosis |
The diffusion of water molecules |
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Endocytosis |
Transports molecules or cells into the cell via invagination of the plasma membrane to form a vesicle |
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Exocytosis |
Transports molecules outside the cell via fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane |
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Hypertonic tonicity |
Lead to crenation(shriveling) having more solute than the inside of the cell |
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Hypotonic |
Lead to lysis(bursting) having less solute than the inside of the cell |
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Isotonic |
Don't affect the cell having equal amounts of solute inside and outside of the cell |
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Active transport |
Movement of molecules from lower to higher concentration |
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Facilitated diffusion |
Transport of molecules across the plasma membrane from higher to lower concentration via protein carrier |
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Ribosomes |
-organelles made of rna and protein -site of protein synthesis -bound to endoplasmic reticulum and free floating in the cell |
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Secondary |
Localized folding into pleated sheets and held together by weak hydrogen bolds |
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Tertiary |
3D shape of entire protein in space: final shape and hydrogen bonds |
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Quartermary |
Combination of more than one polypeptide. Hemoglobin and insulin have 4 levels |
