Human Bio Ch 5.5-End

Front 1

Two cardiovascular Pathways

Back 1

The blood flows in two circuits:

The Plmonary and the Systemic circuits

Front 2

Pulmonary Circuit:

Back 2

Exchange of Gases:

-pulmonary arteries take blood from the right ventricle to the lungs, carbon dioxide is given off and oxygen is picked up, and pulmonary veins return it to the left atrium.

Front 3

Pulmonary Circuit- Arteries

Back 3

Pulmonary arteries carry oxygen-poor blood

Front 4

Pulmonary Circuit- Veins

Back 4

Pulmonary Veins carry oxygen-rich bood

Front 5

Systemic Circuit: Exchanges with Tissue Fluid

Back 5

The largest artery in the systemic circuit,

Front 6

Systemic Circuit: Exchanges with Tissue Fluid

Back 6

The aorta, receives blood from the heart.

Front 7

Systemic Circuit: Exchanges with Tissue Fluid

Back 7

The largest veins, the superior and inferior venae cavae, return blood to the heart.

Front 8

Tracing the Path of Blood:

Back 8

Starting with the Aorta from the left ventricle. Than branches to an artery going to a specific organ. The artery divides into arterioles and capillaries, the capillaries lead to venules. The vein takes blood to the vena cave artery that delivered blood to the organ.

Front 9

Hepatic Portal System: Specialized for Blood Filtration

Back 9

Hepatic Portal system drains blood from the capillary beds of the digestive tract to a capillary bed in the liver.

Front 10

Exchanges at the Capillaries

Back 10

Osmotic pressure and blood pressure control movement of fluid through the capillary wall. Arterial end of a capillary, blood pressure is higher than osmotic pressure and water exits a capillary at this end. Venule end of a capillary, osmotic pressure is greater than blood pressure, and water tends to move into the capillary. Excess tissue fluid left behind in capillary beds is collected by lymphatic vessels. This fluid is called lymph & is returned to blood by a one-way system through Cardiovascular Veins.

Front 11

Cardiovascular Disorders:

Back 11

Disorders of the blood vessels include hypertension & atherosclerosis that most often lead to stroke or aneurysm.

Front 12

High Blood Pressure:

Back 12

Hypertension: High blood pressure

-Leads to heart disease

-Best defense: a life-style that lowers the risk of hypertension

-Often seen in people w/ atherosclerosis: an accumulation of plaque in the linings of arteries

Front 13

Stroke, Heart Attack, and Aneurysm

Back 13

-If a blood clot lodges in a cerebral blood vessel or a cerebral blood vessel burst, a stroke had occurred & a portion of the brain dies.

- If a blood clot lodges in a coronary blood vessel, a heart attack occurs.

-Aneurysm is a ballooning of a blood vessel like the aorta bursts, death is likely.

Front 14

Dissolving Blood Clots

Back 14

There are Medical treatments for dissolving and perhaps preventing the occurrence of blood clots

Front 15

Treating Clogged Arteries

Back 15

Coronary bypass operation, a vessel is grafted onto the heart to bypass an obstructed vessel. Angioplasty is a common surgical procedure for treating clogged arteries.

Front 16

Heart Failure:

Back 16

The heart no longer pumps as it should. Various medical procedures assist heart in pumping and in regulating the heartbeat.

Front 17

Heart Transplants:

Back 17

Routinely performed but there is a shortage of human hearts. Work still goes forward on an artificial heart