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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the dimensions of Axis I
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Clinical disorders, including major mental disorders, and learning disorders
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What are the dimensions of Axis II
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Personality disorders and mental
retardation |
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What are the dimensions of Axis III
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Acute medical conditions and physical disorders
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What are the dimensions of Axis IV
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Psychosocial and environmental factors contributing to the disorder
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What are the dimensions of Axis V
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Global Assessment Scale of Functioning
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examples of Axis 1 disorders
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Mood Disorders
Anxiety Disorders Psychotic Disorders Eating Disorders Cognitive Disorders Substance-Related Disorders |
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What part of the brain is responsible for Executive functions?
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Dorsolateral portion of frontal lobe
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What part of the brain is responsible for controlling biological drives & Inhibition?
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Orbitofrontal portion of frontal lobe
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What part of the brain is responsible for movement, gait, continence?
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Medial portion of frontal lobe
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What part of the brain is responsible for Memory, learning, emotion, auditory processing?
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Temporal Lobe
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What part of the brain is responsible for coordinating emotional states like anger and agression?
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Amygdala - (Limbic Lobe)
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What part of the brain is responsible for memory?
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Hippocampus - (Limbic Lobe)
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What part of the brain is responsible for Somatic sensation & body image?
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Parietal Lobe
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What part of the brain is responsible for Vision (including hallucinations)?
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Occipital Lobe
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What part of the brain is responsible for the dopamine driven "reward circuit"?
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orbitofrontal cortex
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Stimulating the left prefrontal cortex will result in mood _________, while injury will cause___________.
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Improvement
Depression |
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Stimulating the right prefrontal cortex will result in mood _________, while injury will cause___________.
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depression (anxiety)
elevated mood |
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What does the Basal Ganglia do?
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Group of Nuclei that receives information from the
cortex and projects to the frontal lobes |
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What is the left side of the brain associated with?
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Left side assoc with language function
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What is the right side of the brain associated with?
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perception, recognition of faces,
artistic ability |
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What are the three classes of NT?
Were are they formed? |
Monoamines-Synthesized in presynaptic terminals
Amino Acids-Synthesized in presynaptic terminals Peptides-Synthesized in neuronal cells |
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4 Biogenic Amine NT's
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Dopamine (DA)
Norepinephrine (NE) Serotonin (5-HT) Acetylcholine (Ach) |
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3 Amino Acid NT's
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G-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Glycine Glutamate |
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2 Neuropeptide NT's
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Enkephalins
Endorphins |
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Schizophrenia
Prevalence in Population Risk with 1st Degree Relative Child of 2 Parents with Disorder Mono-zygotic Twin of Pt with Disorder |
1%
10% 40% 50% |
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Bipolar Disorder
Prevalence in Population Risk with 1st Degree Relative Child of 2 Parents with Disorder Mono-zygotic Twin of Pt with Disorder |
1%
20% 60% 75% |
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Schizophrenia Chromosome Markers
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- Lng arm of 5, 11, 18, 22
and short arm 19 |
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Alzheimer’s Chromosome Markers
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(Ch 1, 14, 21)
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Huntington’s Chromosome Markers
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4
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NT's Associated with Depression
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Decreased Norepinepherine
Decreased Serotonin Decreased Dopamine |
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NT's Associated with Mania
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Increased Dopamine
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NT's Associated with Psychosis
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Increased Dopamine
Increased Serotonin Decreased Glutamate |
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NT's Associated with Anxiety
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Decreased GABA
Decreased Serotonin Increased Norepinepherine |
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NT's Associated with Dementia
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Decreased Ach
Increased Glutamate |
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What is NMDA
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N-Methyl-D-aspartate... It is a receptor for glutamate :)
Blocking it causes psychotic symptoms |
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The metabolite for dopamine is...
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HVA
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Another name for serotonin is
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5-HT
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How might a lesion to the dorsolateral lobe present?
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Decreased motivation, concentration and attention
disorientation mood disturbances |
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How might a lesion to the orbitofrontal convexity present?
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disinhibition
inappropriatebehavior poor judgement |
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How might a lesion to the medial cortex present?
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apathy
gait disturbances decreased movement |
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How might a lesion to the temporal lobe present?
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impared memory
changes in agressive behavior inability to understand language |
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What are the two limbic lobes?
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hippocampus and amygdala
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How might a lesion to the hippocampus present?
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poor new learning
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How might a lesion to the amygdala present?
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decreased conditioned fear response
onability to recognize facial and vocal expressions of anger in others |
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How might a lesion to the parietal lobe present?
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cant copy a simple line drawing or clock face correctly
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How might a lesion to the occipital lobe present?
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hallucinations,
blindness inability to identify camouflaged objects |
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What is the Papez Circuit?
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The "circut" of the lymbic system that contains the amygdala, hippocampus and other structures. reduced in patients with schizophrenia.
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What does the basal ganglia do?
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translates the desire to execute movements into actual movements
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What are the 4 parts of the basal ganglia?
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striatum
pallidum substantial nigra subthalmic nucleus |
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Damage to what structures of the basal gangliia results in Parkinsonian type symptoms?
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striatum or substantia nigra
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Underactivity of what part of the basal ganglia is associated with huntington type symptoms?
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striatum
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Damage to the caudate (part of stratum) is associated with what diesase?
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tourette's
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Damage to the pallidium and subthalmic regions of the basal ganglia present as....
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sudden uncontrolled limb movements
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What is the nigrostriatal tract responsible for?
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(nigro- think basal ganglia, movement)
responsible for the regulation of muscle tone and movement and its seen degenerated on parkinsons |
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What is the tuberoinfundibular tract responsible for?
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dopamine acts here to inhibit secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary. blocking dopamine receptors by gertain drugs leads to elevated prolactin levles whoch can cause breast enlargement, galactorrhea and sexual dysfunction
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what is the mesolimbic/mesocortical tract responsible for?
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it is associated with the manifestations of psychosis and projects into the lymbic systema nd prefrontal cortex.
(+symtpoms of mesocortical tract, hyperactivity, and -symptoms of schizophrenia) |
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Is GABA inhibotry or excititory?
What disease? |
inhibitory and associated with anexity
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What had glutamate been associated with?
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low levels in schizophrenia
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