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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Endocrine glands of the body |
Hypothalamus Pineal Gland Pituitary Gland Thyroid gland Thymus gland Adrenal glands Pancreas Gonads |
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Endocrine glands |
Secrete hormones into blood. Ductless glands |
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Hormone types |
Circulating Local |
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Circulating hormone |
Circulate in blood through body |
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Local hormones |
Act locally |
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Paracrine |
Act on neighbouring cells |
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Autocrine |
Acts on same cell that secretes it. |
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Lipid-soluble/lipidic hormone |
Acts on every cell in body E.g. sex hormones |
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Proteinic hormones |
Acts on cell w. Receptor ONLY E.g. parathyroid hormone |
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Humoral stimulus |
E.g. 1. Capillary blood cont. L c (Ca2+) 2. Stimulates secretion of parathyroid hormones by parathyroid glands. |
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Neural stimulus |
1. Preganglionic sympathetic fibres stimulate adrenal medulla cells. 2. Adrenal medulla cells secrete elinephrine and norepinephrine |
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Hormonal stimulus |
1. Hypothalamus secretes hormones 2. Stimulates AP gland to secrete hormones. 3. Secreted hormones stimulate otger endocrine glands to secrete hormones |
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Hormones of AP |
Human Growth Hormone Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Follicle Stimulating Hormone Leutinising Hormone Prolactin Adrenocorticotropic Hormone |
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Hormones of PP |
Oxytocin Antidiuretic Hormone |
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Human Growth Hormone |
Stimulates secretion of insulin-like grosth factors that promote growth and protein synthesis. |
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Thyroid Stimulating Hormone |
Stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by thyroid |
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Follicle Stimulating Hormone |
Ovaries: initiate development of oocytes Testes: stimulates testosterone prod'n |
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Leutinising Hormone |
Ovaries: stim. Ovulation Testes: stim. Testosterone prod'n |
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Prolactin |
Promotes milk secretion by mammary glands |
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Addenocorticotropic Hormone |
Stim. Glucocorticoid secretion by adrenal cortex |
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Oxytocin |
Stim. Contractions in uterus Stim. Release of breast milk from mammary glands |
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Antidiuretic hormone |
Decrease urine prod'n Causes kidneys to return more water into blood |
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Thyroid hormones |
T3&T4: inc. BMR, stim protein synthesis, inc. Use of glucose and fatty acids for ATP prod'n. Calcitonin: Lowers blood Ca2+ by stim. Bone reabsorption |
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Action of Thyroid Hormones |
Inc. BMR Stim. Synthesis of ATP Inc. BT Stim. Protein synthesis Inc. Use of glucose and fatty acids for ATP prod. Stimulate lypolysis Enhance action of adrenaline Reg. Dev't & growth of nervous tissue and bones |
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Parathyroid hormone |
^ Ca2+ in blood |
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Adrenal cortex |
Releases cortisol (aff. Glucose homeostasis), aldosterone (aff. mineral homeostasis) and testosterone |
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Adrenal Medulla |
Epinephrine Norepinephrine (Intensify sympathetic (fight/flight) response) |
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ALG |
Alpha cells Low BS Glucagon |
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BHI |
Beta cells High BS Insulin |
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Thymus gland |
Secretes Thymosins - Mature T cells |
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Pineal gland |
Ctrl biorythms Secretes melatonin |
