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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the two major components of the nervous system?
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Sensory and Motor
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Define the sensory system.
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- may reach conscious (feeling, ie pain), subconscious (heart) or reflex levels
- sensation is mediated thru the somatic (body) & visceral (internal) sensory systems |
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Define the motor system.
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- controls and integrates various parts of the body in response to sensory input
- somatic motor - modulates motor activity to muscle & glands in the periphery - visceral motor - maintains internal envior |
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Anatomically speaking the brain is divided into parts. Name the two parts.
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- central - brain, brain stem, cerebellum & spinal cord
- peripheral - cranial & spinal nerves |
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The nervous system is divided into two functional units. Name and describe the two units.
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SOMATIC - CONSCIOUS
- afferent- towards spine, sensory - from structures involved in conveying & processing conscious & unconscious info - efferent - away from, motor to structures involved in motor control of voluntary muscles AUTONOMIC - UNCONSCIOUS - afferent - sensory from structures conveying info from viscera (eg. hunger, pressure rate) - efferent - motor to structures involved in control of smooth muscle and glands of the vicera & skin |
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List the parts of the central nervous system.
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Brain (cerebrum), Diencephalon (through brain), Cerebellum (little cerebrum), brain stem, spinal cord
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Describe the function and structure of the Brain.
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- divided into two hemispheres
- each hemisphere has four lobes: frontal, temportal, parietal & occipital - perception of sensory stimuli - integration & association of stimuli w/ memory - coordinated motor response to stimuli - frontal: elaboration of thought, mood behaviour, speech - parietal: speech, hand skills - temporal: speech , hearing, memory - occipital: vision |
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Describe the function and structures of diencephalon.
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- inferior to the cerebrum
- divided into the thalamus & hypothalamus - thalamus: relay & integration of sensory & motor info b/w brain, brain stem, cerebellum & spinal cord - hypothalamus: center for integrative control of the ANS & maintenance of homeostasis - does stuff automatically for us |
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Describe the function and structures of cerebellum.
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- attached to brain stem by peduncles
- divided into 3 functional areas: archicerebellum = ancient, balance paleocerebellum = old; locomotion neocerebellum = new; fine motor movement |
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Describe the structures and function of the brain stem.
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- 3 parts: midbrain, pons(bridge) & medulla
- contains vital centres (where you live) for respiration, cardiovascular activity & consciousness - contains ascending & descending sensory & motor system tracts |
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Describe the structure and function of the spinal cord.
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- located in vertebral canal (aka boney canal)
- continuation of teh brain stem at the foramen magnum (big hole) of the base of skull - terminates as the conus (cone) medullaris at the first lumbar vertebra (L1) - has 2 enlargements - cervical (C4 - T1); this segment innervates the lower upper limb - lumbosacral (L1-S3); this segment innervates the lower limb - larger b/c have lots of nerves coming out - receive sensory info from the periphery - touch, pressure, vibration, pain, temperature & proprioception - sends motor signals to skeletal muscles - coordination of voluntary motion & maintenance of posture |
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Define nerve bundle, plexus, and ganglion
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NERVE BUNDLE - consists of fibres varying in length
PLEXUS - network of nerves GANGLION - aggregation of cell bodies & processes |
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Cranial Nerve I
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Olfactory - smell
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Cranial Nerve II
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Optic - vision
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Cranial Nerve III
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Oculomotor - moves eyeball & contricts pupil of eye
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