Human Anatomy (Marieb), Ch. 8

Front 1

elements of pectoral girdle

Back 1

clavicles and scapulae

Front 2

clavicles

Back 2

collarbones; slender, slightly curved bones that extend horizontally across the superior thorax

Front 3

functions of clavicles

Back 3

provide attachment for muscles
act as braces
transmit compression forces from upper limbs to axial skeleton

Front 4

scapulae

Back 4

thin, triangular flat bones lying on the dorsal surface of the rib cage

also known as shoulder blades

Front 5

borders of the scapula

Back 5

superior border - shortest and sharpest
medial border, also known as vertebral border - parallels vertebral column
lateral border, also known as axillary border - abuts the axilla and ends in the glenoid cavity

Front 6

glenoid cavity

Back 6

shallow fossa on the scapula, articulating with the humerus to form the shoulder joint

Front 7

angles of the scapula

Back 7

lateral angle - where the glenoid cavity lies
superior angle - where the superior and medial borders meet
inferior angle - where the medial and lateral borders meet; moves as arm is raised and lowered

Front 8

surfaces of the scapula

Back 8

anterior surface is slightly concave and relatively featureless
posterior surface bears a prominent spine which ends laterally in the acromion

Front 9

acromion

Back 9

flat, triangular projection at the lateral end of the scapula's spine

Front 10

coracoid proces

Back 10

process projecting anteriorly from the lateral part of the superior scapular border; attachment point for biceps muscle; bound to the clavicle by ligaments

Front 11

suprascapular notch

Back 11

nerve passageway just medial to the coracoid process

Front 12

infraspinous fossa

Back 12

fossa lying just inferior to the spine of the scapula

Front 13

supraspinous fossa

Back 13

fossa lying just superior to the spine of the scapula

Front 14

subscapular fossa

Back 14

shallow concavity formed by the entire anterior surface of the scapula

Front 15

arm

Back 15

anatomically speaking, only the area between the shoulder and elbow

Front 16

humerus

Back 16

only bone of the arm; articulates with the scapula at the shoulder and with the radius and ulna at the elbow

Front 17

head of the humerus

Back 17

at the proximal end of the humerus; fits into the glenoid cavity of the scapula

Front 18

anatomical neck of the humerus

Back 18

slight constriction just inferior to the head

Front 19

greater tubercle

Back 19

lateral to the lesser tubercle

Front 20

lesser tuburcle

Back 20

medial to the greater tubercle

Front 21

intertuburcular groove

Back 21

separates the humerus' tuburcles

also called bicipital groove

Front 22

bicipital groove

Back 22

separates the humerus' tuburcles

also called intertuburcular groove

Front 23

surgical neck of the humerus

Back 23

area just inferior to the humurus' tubercles

Front 24

deltoid tuberosity

Back 24

tuberosity midway down the shaft of the humerus on the lateral side; attachment site for the deltoid muscle

Front 25

radial groove

Back 25

groove descending obliquely along the posterior surface of the humerus' shaft