Human Anatomy Arteries

Front 1

pressure in arteries is

Back 1

high

Front 2

pressure in capillaries and veins

Back 2

low

Front 3

arterioles serve to reduce

Back 3

pressure

Front 4

heart pumps blood through

Back 4

vessels (think of pumping water through a hose using a hang pump)

Front 5

exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide occurs in

Back 5

capillaries in the lung (oxygenated blood is then returned to the heart)

Front 6

blood vessels

Back 6

tubular organs w/ thick walls comprised of 3 layers

Front 7

tunica intima

Back 7

innermost layer, endothelium continuous w/ the lining of the heart, expand and recoil

Front 8

tunica media

Back 8

middle layer, smooth muscle and elastin, autonomic innervation

Front 9

tunica externa

Back 9

outer layer, connective tissue

Front 10

capillaries consist of

Back 10

only endothelium, continuous, fenestrated, sinusoid

Front 11

arteries

Back 11

moves blood rapidly, thick wall, thin lumen, high pressure vessels, conduct blood away from the heart into capillaries of tissues or organs

Front 12

elastic arteries

Back 12

high pressure tubes, large amounts of elastin for stretch

Front 13

muscular arteries

Back 13

most arteries, mid sized, mostly tunica media w/ thick smooth muscle

Front 14

arterioles

Back 14

tiny vessels, mostly smooth muscle, blood pressure is regulated by the diameter of the vessel

Front 15

capillaries

Back 15

sites of exchange of gases, nutrients, fluids, etc, lumen is just large enough to allow blood cells to squeeze through

Front 16

veins

Back 16

flat, blood slows down, low pressure, large lumen, thin wall, begin at capillaries and return blood from tissues or organs towards the heart

Front 17

veins compared w/ arteries

Back 17

more connective tissue, less muscle, thinner walls, large lumens, med size veins have valves

Front 18

metarterioles

Back 18

have constantly changing diameters, lead to thoroughfare channels

Front 19

arteries and veins usually travel together except

Back 19

aorta vs inferior, superior vena cava, carotid aa vs jugular vv

Front 20

arteriovenous anastomosis

Back 20

when a capillary bed is closed entirely, blood flows from arteriole to venule

Front 21

reasons to restrict flow through a capillary bed

Back 21

cold (divert blood from surface to internal organs), fright (divert blood to skeletal muscles)

Front 22

arteries conduct blood ____ from the heart into ____ of tissues organs

Back 22

away, capillaries

Front 23

veins begin at ____ and return blood from tissues or organs ____ the heart

Back 23

capillaries, towards

Front 24

superficial veins of the extremities serve as ____, travel in the ____, and have no accompanying arteries

Back 24

heat radiators, hypodermis

Front 25

3 types of capillaries

Back 25

continuous, fenestrated, sinusoid

Front 26

special systems where an artery or vein is inserted between two capillary beds

Back 26

portal vessels

Front 27

true/false: veins have valves

Back 27

TRUE

Front 28

true/false: arteries do not have valves

Back 28

TRUE

Front 29

true/false: the aorta and pulmonary trunk have semilunar valves

Back 29

TRUE

Front 30

collateral circulation

Back 30

arteries form anastomoses around joints, the brain, the heart, and toehr organs

Front 31

vasa vasorum

Back 31

very large arteries have their own blood supply, just like the heart

Front 32

vena comitantes

Back 32

veins that accompany an artery

Front 33

aorta

Back 33

high pressure, thick elastic fiber