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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Taphonomy
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Laws of burial; study of all processes that affect bones during transition from the biosphere to the lithiosphere
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Actualistic Research/Methodological Uniformitarianism
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Inferring nature of past events by analogy with processes that we can observe in the world today. It works on two principles; 1) it asssumes that natural laws are invariant in time and space, and 2) if so, then past results may have been caused by processes still operant today
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Criticisms of Actualistic Research (3)
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1) The grounds of actualism are not testable; 2) It restricts statements we can make about the past; 3) Ignores equifinality (same or similar effects through action of two or more different processes)
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Ontogeny
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Bone growth and maturation
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Postmortem damage to bones indicating human involvement
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Cut marks, chop marks, scrape marks, percussion marks, and marks from projectiles
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Percussion pits
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Irregular, roughed pits that correspond to the tip of a percussor (i.e. a stone hammerstone) wielded by a human
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Percussion/anvil Striae
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Marks made to bone either from use of an anvil or from the action of the percussor moving as it impacts
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Inner Conchoidal Scars
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Marks on the medullary cavity surface of the bone shaft occuring from percussion
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Adhering Flakes
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Marks on the shaft wall of the bone caused by percussion
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