Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How much of US budget is allocated to purchase fossil fuels? |
86% |
|
|
4 Rules of Enviormentalism |
1) Complexity is always present 2) Change is constant 3) What’s demanded is supplied – regardless of cost 4) Sustainability is often about relative rates |
|
|
how much fossil fuel energy is used by Humans. |
16% |
|
|
ES is a threat multiplier when there is a ..... |
A Lack of Enviormental Security Greater ES = greater national security |
|
|
What is Environmental Health? |
Living sustainably, globally, Respect for the needs of others and Concern for the future. |
|
|
4 Dimensions of Enviormental Threats |
1)Mechanics - how is life supported on earth? Includes nutrient cycling, one way energy low 2)Baseline - how do living systems/species normally interact with each other? 3)Measure - how do/can we indicate how the normal interacions between living systems/species are afected by the threat; how do they change in the presence of the threat? 4)Effects - what are the tolerance limits of the ecosystem being inluenced by the threat |
|
|
5 nutrients essential to support life. |
◦Carbon◦Nitrogen◦Sulfur◦Phosphorus◦Water |
|
|
Three Main Components of EH |
1) Natural systems and how human activities influence them 2) Acquiring skills to identify and remediate environmental problems 3) A personal commitment to reduce threats to the environment. |
|
|
Limiting Nutrient |
Phosphorus (P) |
|
|
1st Law of Thermodynamics |
"You can’t get something out of nothing” => energy can neither be created nor destroyed. |
|
|
2nd Law of Thermodynamics |
"You can’t break even” => as energy is transferred or transformed, more and more of it is wasted. Energy flows from a more to a less useful state. |
|
|
One way energy flow in Ecosystems |
Energy Flow=> there is an inescapable 90% decrease in useable energy at each succeeding trophic level. |
|
|
Law of Tolerence |
the existence, abundance and distribution of a species in an ecosystem are determined by whether the levels of one or more physical or chemical (abiotic) factors fall within the range (limits) tolerated by the species. E.g. the climatic, topographic, and biological requirements of plants and animals. |
|
|
Two main types of energy |
Kinetic => •energy due to motion and mass •E.g., radiant, thermal, motion, sound, electrical. Potential => •stored energy, energy of position •E.g., chemical, mechanical, nuclear, gravitational. |
|
|
How do humans effect the Carbon cycle? |
Burning and harvesting fossil fuels |
|
|
How do humans effect the Nitrogen cycle? |
Burning fossil fuels which emits nitric oxide which mixes with sunlight and creates nitric acid whish is one if the acids in acid rain Emitting nitric dioxide via fertilizer and livestock waste |
|
|
How do humans effect the Sulfur cycle? |
Burning coal and oil, Refining petroleum, smelting ore into copper, lead, and zinc. |
|
|
How do humans effect the Phosphorus cycle? |
Mining phosphate rock to produce fertilizer and detergent. Adding Excess Phosphorus by agriculture run off waste to water sources creating algae in water which depletes oxygen in water sources creating dead zones |
|
|
How do humans effect the Hydrologic cycle? |
•Withdrawing large quantities of water from streams or lakes •Clearing vegetation from land |
|
|
6 Major Components to Hydrologic (Water) cycle? |
Collects all nutrients with these cycles, 1)Evaporation => liquid water to vapor, 84% from oceans and 16% from land.
2)Transpiration => water is absorbed by ine roots, then moves through the plant and evaporates of leaves.
3)Condensation => vapor to liquid water.
4)Infiltration => slow absorption of water into the soil – shallow.
5)Percolation => deeper movement of water into soil and into aquifers.
6)Run-off |
|
|
Abiotic factors that effect climate change |
•Latitude•Altitude•Ocean currents•Topography•Solar radiation•Evaporation•Orbital variations•Volcanic activity |
|
|
Biotic factors that effect climate change |
Transpiration•Respiration•Photosynthesis•Decomposition •Digestion |
|
|
Three Primary Sources of Green House Gases |
1)Burning fossil fuels for energy 2)Accelerating the removal of the Earth's Natural carbon storage through the destruction of forests and vegetative land for habitat, grazing, and agriculture for livestock production. 3)Release of man-made gasses through manufacturing processes |
|
|
Human activities that effect eco systems |
Pollution, habitat fragmentation, invasive species, over fishing, manipulation of water sources. |
|
|
What is a range shift? |
Species are relocating to areas with more tolerable climate conditions. Range shifts particularly threaten species that: •cannot move fast enough •depend on conditions that are becoming more |
|
|
IPCC |
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
|
|
Ecosystems and species are effected by climate change in |
•Ranges •Timing of biological activity •Growth rates •Relative abundance of species •Cycling of water and nutrients •Risk of disturbance from fire, insects and invasive species |
|
|
Ecosystems are affected by |
•Temperature •Rainfall/moisture •pH •Salinity •Activities & distribution of other species |
|
|
Sustainable Development Goals (Global Goals) of United Nations Development Programme |
Is a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.
17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) to transform our world: GOAL 1: No Poverty GOAL 2: Zero Hunger GOAL 3: Good Health and Well-being GOAL 4: Quality Education GOAL 5: Gender Equality GOAL 6: Clean Water and Sanitation GOAL 7: Affordable and Clean Energy GOAL 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth GOAL 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure GOAL 10: Reduced Inequality GOAL 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities GOAL 12: Responsible Consumption and Production GOAL 13: Climate Action GOAL 14: Life Below Water GOAL 15: Life on Land GOAL 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions GOAL 17: Partnerships to achieve the Goal
|
