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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Engineering interventions: |
change/redesign the physical workplace, tools or environment to eliminate or reduce exposure to hazards.
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Administrative interventions: |
modify exposure to hazards in the work environment (eg. safe operating procedures, job rotation, scheduling breaks, etc) |
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Behavioural interventions: |
change employee attitudes, knowledge, beliefs and behaviour regarding health and safety. |
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Safety performance relies on three factors: |
1. Ability (acquire knowledge and skills) 2. Motivation (utilize knowledge and skills) 3. Opportunity (support K&S)
safety performance = ability x motivation x opportunity |
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Safety compliance:
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the extent to which employees follow safety rules and procedures |
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Safety participation: |
the extent to which employees go beyond compliance and engage proactively and voluntarily to actively improve safety. |
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safety behaviour
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is defined as behaviours leading to the safe performance of a particular job |
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Eight general categories of behaviour contribute to safe working performance:
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1. Proper use of hazard control systems 2. Development of safe work habits 3. Increased awareness 4. Acceptance/use of PPE 5. Maintenance of housekeeping standards 6. Maintenance of accepted hygiene practices 7. Proper responses to emergency situations 8. Self monitoring and recognition of systems |
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Motivation:
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the process that initiates, directs and sustains behaviour. |
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Safety motivation: |
an individual’s willingness to exert effort to enact safety behaviour and the valence associated with those behaviours. |
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theories used to motivate safety |
reinforcement theory goal-setting theory self-determination theory
these theories attempt to improve an individual’s willingness to participate in safety behaviours |
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Reinforcement theory (ABC Model) |
external rewards and punishments in motivating behaviour concerned with consequences antecedent => behaviour => consequence we have control over the behaviour - positive OR negative - immediate OR delayed - contingent OR non-contingent |
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Goal setting theory
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concerned with antecedent of behaviour antecedent => behaviour => consequence
setting a goal is a reminder of what needs to be done |
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Five factors of goal setting:
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difficult and challenging achievable specific committted
feedback |
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Amotivation:
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a lack of motivation |
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Autonomous motivation:
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self-directed motivation reflecting an individual’s free will. |
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Controlled motivation: |
motivation based in response to pressure. |
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4 types of extrinsic motivation:
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1. external regulation - external pressure 2. introjected regulation - a person acts in a particular way because of internal motivation 3. self-directed - inline with own goals
4. intergrated regulation - behaviour reflects self-identify |
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Safety climate:
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employee’s shared perceptions of the importance of safety in the workplace |
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Safety culture: |
values, attitudes, beliefs, competencies and patterns of behaviour that determine the commitment to health and safety perception of an organization’s safety culture
iceberg in water |
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Creating a safety culture Bullseye:
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Behaviour (inner) => Beliefs => Experiences (outer) |
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Safety leadership strategies |
lead by example share rewards have a clear vision
be willing to grow |
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Active transactional leadership:
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a form of leadership based on the foundation that leaders actively communicate to followers the tasks that are required to meet expectations. |
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Contingent reward:
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a form of active transactional leadership in which leaders reward employees who meet their communicated expectations. |
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Management by expectation (active): |
a form of active transactional leadership in which corrective action when needed to prevent serious problems from occurring. |
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Transformational leadership: |
highly effective approach to leadership that emphasizes employee well-being and is characterized by idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectuall stimulation, and individualized consideration. |
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Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS): |
part of the overall management of the organization that addresses OH&S hazards and risks associated with activities
- proactive |
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Plan:
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- legal and other requirements - hazard and risk identification - OHS objectives and targets (policy) |
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Do
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- preventive and protective measures - emergency prevention, preparedness and response - competence and training - communication and awareness - procurement and contracting - management of change |
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Check
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- monitoring and measurement - incident investigation and analysis - internal audits |
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Act
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- management review - continual improvement |
