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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Give an example of a peptide hormone |
Adrenaline |
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Give an example of a steroid hormone? |
Cortisol Aldosterone |
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What is the role of adrenaline? |
Rapid response to danger |
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What is the role of cortisol? |
Response to starvation |
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What is the role of thyroxine? |
Metabolic rate control |
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From where is aldosterone secreted? |
Zona glomerulosa in the adrenal cortex |
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From where is cortisol secreted? |
Zona fasciculata and zona reticularis in the adrenal cortex |
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From where is adrenaline secreted? |
Adrenal medulla |
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From what is the adrenal medulla derived, and what is the implication of this? |
Ganglion of the sympathetic nervous system - this means it is under direct nervous control |
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What role does adrenaline play in blood glucose homeostasis? |
Suppresses insulin secretion Stimulates glucagon secretion Liver glycogenolysis |
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How many different types of adrenaline receptor are there? |
Two - alpha and beta |
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Give an example of a beta blocker with regards to adrenaline receptors? |
Propanolol |
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What role does adrenaline play in asthma? |
Bronchodilator |
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What role does cortisol play in blood glucose homeostasis? |
Stimulates gluconeogenesis |
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How is cortisol secretion controlled? |
-Corticotropin releasing hormone release from hypothalamus -This stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone release from anterior pituitary -This stimulates cortisol release from adrenal gland -Negative feedback: cortisol inhibits production of both CRH and ACTH |
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What happens when blood pressure and volume gets too low? |
-Low BP detected in kidneys -Renin secreted -Angiotensin I and II secreted -Stimulates aldosterone release from adrenal cortex -Stimulates water and Na+ reabsorption in kidney -Blood pressure and volume increases |
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What happens when blood pressure and volume gets too high? |
-Detected by heart -Atrial Natriuretic Hormone released -Detected by kidney -Renin secretion inhibited -Less water and Na+ reabsorption -Blood pressure and volume decreases |
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What is aldosteronism? |
High aldosterone levels - causes high blood sodium (hypertension) and low blood potassium (muscular paralysis) |
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What is Addison's disease? |
Adrenocortical insufficiency - causes low cortisol levels, mental lethargy, weight loss, low blood pressure and skin pigmentation |
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What is Cushing's syndrome? |
High cortisol levels - causes fat redistribution, easy bruising, poor wound healing and susceptibility to infection |
