Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Thyroid Hormone
|
-Called Thyroxins
-Affect cell differentiation, growth and metabolism -Steroid hormone |
|
|
Thyroxins effects include:
|
-generation of heat and energy (metabolism)
-development of brain tissue -stimulating muscle growth and development |
|
|
Hyperthyroidsm
|
-Too much Thyroxine= higher metabolic rate
-feeling hot, loss of weight, chest pain, muscle weakness and fluid behind the eyes |
|
|
Hyprthyroidism
|
-Deficiency of Thyroxine= slow metabolic rate
-fatigue, weight gain, sensitivity to the cold, muscle cramps, poor concentration and puffiness around the eyes. |
|
|
Growth Hormones
|
-Somatotrophin
-Too much leads to Gigantism (child) or Acromegaly (adult) -Too little leads to dwarfism |
|
|
Hormone Classification
|
Hormones are classified according to the distance they travel
|
|
|
Endocrine Hormone
|
-travel in the blood
-bind to DISTANT target cells -secreted by endocrine glands -eg. insulin, glucagon |
|
|
Paracrine Signals
|
-act locally on neighbouring cells
-diffuse to target cells -released into the tissue fluid -destroyed soon after secretion -eg. defence signals for immunity |
|
|
Autocrine signals
|
-act on the same cell/same cell type
-for developmental processes -important for cell differentiation -localised effect -eg. cancer cell growth |
|
|
Contact-dependent signalling
|
-between cells in direct contact
-only cells that come in contact with cell surface signals will respond -involved in cell development and differentiation -eg. used by the immune system |
|
|
Prostaglandins
|
-Fatty acid hormone
-Involved with digestion, blood clotting and smooth muscle contraction. -Cause vasodilation (bleeding) and inflammation in response to injury |
|
|
How does aspirin relieve pain?
|
It suppresses the release of prostaglandins. This reduces the pain.
|
|
|
Pheromones
|
-chemicals emitted by living organisms
-sends messages to individuals of the same species -are species specific -act as sex attractants (female secretes) |
