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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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inflammation
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a complex response of vascularized tissues to various stimuli leading to accumulation of fluids and leukocytes in extravascular tissue
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edema
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excess of fluid in interstitial space or serous cavities
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transudate
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edema with low protein content as a result of increased hydrostatic pressure
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exudate
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edema with high protein content as a result of increased vascular permeability
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serous exudate
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lacks large number of inflammatory cells
pale yellow color |
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serosanguinous exudate
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contains erythrocytes
usually red-tinged |
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fibrinous exudate
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contains large amount of fibrin after coagulation of clotting factors
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purulent exudate
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high inflammatory cell content
often seen with bacterial infection |
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suppurative exudate
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purulent exudate accompanied by liquefactive necrosis (pus)
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main goals of inflammation
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deliver effector cells and molecules to site of injury
provide a physical barrier to prevent spread of insulting agent promote tissue repair |
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cardinal signs of inflammation
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heat (calor), pain (dolor), redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), loss of function
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characteristics of acute inflammation
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changes in vascular caliber and flow
increased vascular permeability (causing edema) emigration of leukocytes timecourse of minutes to a few days |
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triggers of inflammation
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trauma
ischemia neoplasm infectious agent foreign matter immune reaction |
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describe the changes in vascular caliber and flow during acute inflammation
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vessels dilate causing increased blood flow (Pouiselle's Law)
increase in cross-sectional area reduces velocity and causes statis reduced velocity means increased hydrostatic pressure (Bernoulli's principle) |
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describe the mechanism of increased vascular permeability during inflammation
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contraction of endothelial cells (histamine-mediated)
loss of plasma proteins and gain of interstitial proteins for decreased oncotic pressure increased hydrostatic pressure |
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what is the Triple Response of Lewis
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refers to the early changes in vascular permeability following vasoconstriction lasting seconds to minutes, wheal (fluid outflow), flare of vasodilation
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