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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
urogenital opening
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Females: near anus
Males: near umbilical cord |
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urogenital papilla
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present near genital opening (not found in males)
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medial
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toward the midline or middle of the body
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lateral
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toward the outside of the body
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proximal
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close to a point of reference
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distal
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farther from a point of reference
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hard and soft palate
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located on the roof of the mouth
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taste buds (sensory papillae)
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found inside the mouth, raised bumps
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epiglottis
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a cone-shaped structure at the back of the mouth; a flap of skin helps to close this opening when a pig swallows
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pharynx
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cavity in the back of the mouth; the junction for food (esophagus) and air (trachea)
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masseter muscle
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found by cutting away skin from the side of the face/upper neck; muscle that works the jaw
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lymph nodes
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found by cutting away skin from the side of the face/upper neck; two glands on either side
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salivary glands
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found by cutting away skin from the side of the face/upper neck; looks like chewing gum
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umbilical vein
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leads from the umbilical cord to the liver; necessary to cut in order to open abdominal cavity
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diaphragm
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muscle that divides the thoracic and abdominal cavity; located near the ribcage; aids in breathing
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liver
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lobed structure; largest organ in the body; responsible for making bile for digestion
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gall bladder
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greenish organ located underneath the liver; stores bile and sends it to the duodenum (via bile duct)
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bile duct
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attaches the gall bladder to the duodenum; bile passes through
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stomach
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pouch-shaped organ, rests underneath and to the pig's left; responsible for churning and breaking down food
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esophagus
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located at the top of the stomach; passageway for food to travel from mouth to stomach
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cardiac sphincter valve
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valve that regulates food entering the stomach; located at the esophagus
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pyloric sphincter valve
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valve that regulates food leaving the stomach; located at the duodenum
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small intestine
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the stomach leads to this organ; composed of duodenum and the ileum
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duodenum
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straight portion of the small intestine just after the stomach
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ileum
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twisted portion of the small intestine
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mesentary
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what holds the ileum together, keeps it from collapsing on itself
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mesenteric arteries
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further digestion occurs and nutrients are absorbed through these
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pancreas
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bumpy organ located along the underside of the stomach; makes insulin, which is necessary for the proper uptake of sugars from the blood
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pancreatic duct
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leads from the pancreas to the duodenum
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spleen
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flattened organ that lies across the stomach and toward the extreme left side of the pig; stores blood; NOT a part of the digestive system
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splenic artery
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located on the underside of the spleen
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cecum
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the "appendix" in a pig; located at the end of the ileum, where it widens to become the large intestine; a "dead end" branch; helps digest plant material
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large intestine
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follows small intestine; reabsorbs water from the digested food, any undigested food is stored in the rectum as feces
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rectum
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end of the digestive system, following large intestine; opens to the outside of the pig
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anus
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the end of the rectum; opens to outside of the pig
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kidneys
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lie on either side of the spine; bean-shaped organs; responsible for removing harmful substances from the blood, which are excreted as urine
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umbilical vessels
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can be seen in the umbilical cord
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urinary bladder
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lies between the umbilical vessels; flattened shape
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ureters
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carry urine to the urinary bladder
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urethra
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the tube that carries urine out of the body
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renal vessels
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vessals that attach to the kidney
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scrotal sacs
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at the posterior end of the pig, testis are located in each sac
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testis
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found in scrotal sacs
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epididymis
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found on each teste; sperm cells produced in the teste pass through the epididymis into the vas deferens
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vas deferens
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a tub that brings sperm from point A (testis) to point B (penis)
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penis
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located by cutting away the skin on the flap near the umbilical cord; eventually exits out the urogenital opening/urethra
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ovaries
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bean-shaped; located posterior to the kidneys and connected to the curly oviducts
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oviducts
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curly tube that connect ovaries to the uterus (like Fallopian tubes)
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uterus
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where the oviducts end; followed by vagina
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vagina
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appears to be a continuation of the uterus
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pericardium
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thin membrane that surrounds the heart
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atria
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the two upper chambers of the heart
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ventricle
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the two lower chambers of the heart
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pulmonary trunk
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most obvious vessel on the frount of the heart, curves upward and joins the aorta
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aorta
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a vessels which arches from the heart and curves around to go to the lower part of the body (abdominal [dorsal] aorta); supplies the body with blood
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left subclavian
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one branch of the aorta (supplies blood to arms, follows clavicle bone)
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right brachiocephalic
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one branch of the aorta; branches into arteries: the common carotid (supply blood to head and neck) and the right subclavian (supply blood to arms)
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left and right carotid arteries
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brances of the common carotid, supplies blood to the head and neck
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coronary vessels
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located on the outside of the heart; supply blood to the muscle of the heart
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intercostal arteries
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arteries running near the ribs
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anterior and posterior vena cava
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located on the dorsal side (near the back) of the heart; brings blood from the body back to the heart
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left and right jugular veins
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drain blood from the head and run parallel to the carotids
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lungs
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located on either side of the heart; spongy; connected to the bronchial tubes
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bronchial tubes
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tubes that connect to the trachea, forming a "Y"; connect to the lungs
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trachea
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located in the chin area above the heart; air passageway, runs alongside esophagus
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cartilaginous rings
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help keep the trachea from collapsing as the animal inhales and exhales
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thyroid gland
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located atop the trachea, pinkish-brown, V-shaped structure; secretes hormones that control growth and metabolism
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larynx
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voice box; located at the anterior (toward head) part of the trachea; allows the pig to produce sounds grunts and oinks
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hepatic artery
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leads to the liver
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splenic artery
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leads to the spleen
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renal arteries
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lead to the kidney
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external iliac arteries
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abdominal aorta splits into these two large vessels that lead to each leg; turn into femoral arteries as they enter the leg
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ilio-lumbar artery
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brances of the umbilical artery, this small artery stretches toward the posterior of the pig
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deep femorl
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one branch of the two arteries from the external iliac; (located at the back of the leg)
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