Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Nutrient |
Nourishes an organism's need for energy. |
Macromolecules, vitamins, etc. Found in foods. |
|
|
Heterotrophs |
Organisms that receive their energy from other organisms. |
Consumers, decomposers |
|
|
Autotrophs |
Organisms that produce their own food and energy. |
Producers |
|
|
Photoautotrophs |
Organisms that use solely photosynthesis in order to produce energy. |
Photosynthetic bacteria, green plants |
|
|
Photosynthesis |
The using of the Sun's energy to produce food and organismal energy. |
The process of using light, CO2 and H2O to produce sugars. |
|
|
Chemoautotrophs |
Organisms that use the oxidation of chemicals in somewhat harsh environments. |
Archaea and bacteria living within deep sea vents; use sulfur to produce sulfate in order to consume energy. |
|
|
Chemosynthesis |
The use of chemicals in an environment to produce energy. |
Conversion of nutrients into organic matter using oxidation. |
|
|
Cell Respiration |
Excretion of wastes in a cell using water. |
One way the cell maintains homeostasis. |
|
|
Producers |
The other name for autotrophs. |
Oak tree, grass, petunias |
|
|
Consumers |
A type of heterotroph; ingests other organisms for energy. |
Sharks, bears, lions, humans |
|
|
Decomposers |
Another type of heterotroph; receives energy from absorbing broken down organic matter. |
Fungus, moss |
|
|
Food Web |
A representation of the transfer of energy in a given environment; organism to organism |
Way to monitor energy in an ecosystem |
|
|
Biotic |
Any living thing in an environment. |
Bacteria, animals, plants, etc. |
|
|
Abiotic |
Any non-living thing in an environment. |
Rock, dirt, wind, etc. |
|
|
Ecosystem |
A system of factors, abiotic and biotic, all working and living in the same environment. |
Ocean, forest, jungle |
|
|
Habitats |
Within the ecosystem; these vary based on abiotic factors, with varying organisms based on the environment. |
Coral reef, deep sea abyss, canopy |
|
|
Biosphere |
The total of all ecosystems on earth; abiotic and biotic factors included. |
All organisms are a part of this, including humans. |
|
|
Energy |
A bodily necessity used for metabolism and all chemical reactions within the body. |
This is necessary to receive through nutrients in food. |
|
|
Chemical Energy |
The type of energy that is caused by a chemical substance transforming into a chemical reaction. |
Cellular respiration, photosynthesis |
|
|
Free Energy |
The amount of work a (chemical) system can perform. |
Entropy being constantly increasing, the amount of work gets more "tired". |
|
|
Heat Energy |
Energy produced by kinetic friction. |
Rubbing hands to keep warm, hand starting a fire. |
|
|
1st Law of Thermodynamics |
Energy cannot be lost nor gained, only converted. |
Energy is taken in through food, used all possible ways, digested into waste, and excreted. Never changing, always the same energy. |
|
|
2nd Law of Thermodynamics |
There is always the same pool of entropy, whether increasing or staying the same. |
Chance of failure will always increase or stay the same. |
|
|
Entropy |
The measure of inability to work by degree of disorder. |
A system has flaws; the tendency to fail can be shown by this. |
|
|
Enzymes |
Type of nutrient that causes chemical reactions. |
A type of nutrient necessary for reaction. |
|
|
Catalyst |
Any substance that increases the rate of chemical reaction. |
Mento + Pepsi |
|
|
Active site |
Region of an enzyme in which the reaction happens |
The area of reaction. |
|
|
Substrate |
The molecules used by the enzyme to react. |
Term has many definitions, this one related to enzymes. |
|
|
Metabolism |
Series of bodily reactions to breakdown and use energy in nutrients. |
A key factor of life; all organisms need to do this for cell maintenance. |
|
|
Synthesis |
The production of any chemical compound through reactions. |
The culmination of enzymes' and catalysts' work. |
|
|
Decomposition |
The break down of materials into simpler nutrients. The act of decay. |
Some heterotrophs collect energy using this. |
|
|
Biosynthesis |
Reaction within the body that leads to a complex compound. |
Outcome of all bodily reactions. |
|
|
Oxidation |
A loss in electrons in which a substance gains oxygen. |
Browning apple, rust on metal |
|
|
ATP |
Nucleotide in which energy is contained. |
Special nucleotide used in many chemical reactions; energy source for reactions. |
|
|
ADP |
A compound used in metabolism to distribute energy. |
Helps control energy flow in metabolism. |
