Honors Bio, Ch. 6, Elizabeth Roy

Front 1

Cell Theory

Back 1

1) Organisms are made up of cells and what cells make to build the organism and keep it functioning.

2) All cells are formed from cells that already exist.

Hint 1

1) The____________ dates back to the 1800's.

2) The_________ started the area of studying life.

Front 2

Prokaryotes

Back 2

Bacteria in their simplest forms all over and in organisms.

Hint 2

1) some ____________ live in extreme environments.

2) __________ are usually unicellular.

Front 3

Eukaryotes

Back 3

a group to organize organisms that includes plants, animals, fungi, and protists.

Hint 3

1) ____________ have organelles

2)_____________ have nuclei.

Front 4

Nucleus

Back 4

an organelle that stores the cell's chromosomes.

Hint 4

1) The__________ is bound by the nuclear membrane.

2) Contains the nucleolus.

Front 5

Chromosome

Back 5

a structure that contains nucleic acids.

Hint 5

1)__________ are located in the nucleus.

2) _____________ contain genetic information.

Front 6

Nucleoid

Back 6

A chromosome which is attached to the plasma membrane in a prokaryotic cell.

Hint 6

1) ________ is in the nucleoid region.

2) Related to plasmids

Front 7

Plasmids

Back 7

Small circular DNA molecules that are not part of the nuclear region.

Hint 7

1) ___________ are only in prokaryotic cells.

2) There are only a few ______ in the cytosol of a prokaryotic cell.

Front 8

Flagella

Back 8

a singular long whip like tail.

Hint 8

1) are found on both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.

2) Are more complex on eukaryotic cells.

Front 9

Cell / Plasma Membrane

Back 9

A semi-permeable membrane made up of a phospholipid bilayer to allow substances to enter and exit the cell.

Hint 9

1) The __________ is found surrounding all cells.

2) Plant cells are surrounded by the _________ and cell wall.

Front 10

Cell Wall

Back 10

a rigid structure present to protect the cell and provide structure.

Hint 10

1) The _______ is made up of lipids, carbs, and proteins.

2) The _________ exists in plant cells.

Front 11

Ribosomes

Back 11

RNA that catalyzes the synthesis of proteins.

Hint 11

1) _________ are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

2) ___________ are larger in eukaryotic cells.

Front 12

Cytoplasm

Back 12

the part of the cell which contains the organelles and cytosol.

Hint 12

1) _______ is not found in prokaryotic cells.

2)There is streaming in the _____________ in eukaryotic cells.

Front 13

Cytosol

Back 13

an intracellular solution which is made up of many water soluble components.

Hint 13

1) The __________ is made up of salts, and organic compounds which are dissolved in water.

2) _________ contains cytoskeleton proteins.

Front 14

Organelles

Back 14

membrane bound structures in the cell.

Hint 14

1) ____________ are only found in eukaryotic cells

2) ___________ allow the cell to be more efficient, specialized, and complex.

Front 15

Nucleolus

Back 15

a region of the nucleus where RNA is synthesized.

Hint 15

1)____________ are located in the nucleus.

2) Shares the nucleus with chromosomes.

Front 16

Cytoskeleton

Back 16

Proteins in the cell that give the cell its shape and structure.

Hint 16

1) The _______ contains microtubles.

2) The ________ also contains microfilaments.

Front 17

Microtubules

Back 17

hollow thick structures.

Hint 17

1) Located in the cytoskeleton.

2) Closely related to microfilaments.

Front 18

Microfilaments

Back 18

solid strands that are flexible.

Hint 18

1) Located in the cytoskeleton.

2) Closely related to microtubles.

Front 19

Rough ER

Back 19

ER that has ribosomes in its surface.

Hint 19

1) Closely related to smooth ER

2) Closely related to Vesicles

Front 20

Smooth ER

Back 20

ER without ribosomes in its surface.

Hint 20

1) Closely related to rough ER.

2) Closely related to vesicles.

Front 21

Golgi Apparatus

Back 21

membrane stacks of sacs that modify proteins and exports substances from ER.

Hint 21

1) Like the thylakoid membranes.

2) The ____________ works closely with the ER.

Front 22

Vesicles

Back 22

membrane bubbles that preform exocytosis from the golgi apparatus.

Hint 22

1) __________ fuse with the plasma membrane.

2) ___________ work closely with other organelles.

Front 23

Lysosomes

Back 23

vesicles that contain enzymes to break down old macromoleucles and food.

Hint 23

1) ________ are specialized vesicles.

2) _______ are only found in animal cells.

Front 24

Vacuoles

Back 24

organelles that store water, organic acids, enzymes, salts, and pigments.

Hint 24

1) _______ are extremely large in plant cells.

2) ______ shrink and enlarge as the amounts of stored resources fluctuates.

Front 25

Centrioles

Back 25

structures that contain microtubles that are used for cell respiration.

Hint 25

1) _______ are only always found in animal cells.

2) ___________ are sometimes found in fungi and algae.

Front 26

Cilia

Back 26

shorter whip like tails.

Hint 26

1) Like flagella.

2) When _____ are present, they are more numerous than flagella.

Front 27

Mitochondria

Back 27

an organelle that produces energy and is necessary in aerobic respiration.

Hint 27

1) Nicknamed the "power house" of the cell.

2) Preforms the Krebs Cycle and ETS to generate energy.

Front 28

Chloroplasts

Back 28

a organelle used in photosynthesis.

Hint 28

1) _______ contain pigments, well known for its green pigments.

2) ________ are necessary for the Calvin Cycle.

Front 29

Colony

Back 29

When unicellular organisms live in a group.

Hint 29

1) Organisms living in a ________ are usually related.

2) Organisms live in __________ to benefit from each other.

Front 30

Multicellular

Back 30

having more than one cell.

Hint 30

1) Plants and Animals are multicellular.

2) Bacteria are not multicellular.

Front 31

Cell Differentiation

Back 31

when a cell becomes specialized to preform a specific function.

Hint 31

1) A neuron is an example of _______________.

2) There are many example of _____________ in the human body.

Front 32

Tissue

Back 32

layers of cells.

Hint 32

1) Building blocks for organs.

2) Most plants and animals have many different _________.

Front 33

Organ

Back 33

layers of tissues.

Hint 33

1) Building blocks for organ systems.

2) Humans have many different ________.

Front 34

Organ System

Back 34

Related organs that form a group based on their function.

Hint 34

1) The digestive system is an ____________.

2) Humans are made up of __________.

Front 35

Organism

Back 35

Something that has all the characteristics of life.

Hint 35

1) Something made up of cell(s).

2) Humans are an ____________.