Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is a Serial Killer?
|
-Holmes and Holmes: killing of 3+ people over a period of more than 30 days, with a significant cooling off period between the killings
-FBI in 08: unlawful killing of 2+ victims by the same offender(s) in separate events -Fox and Levin: 4+ victims -Various scholars have undefined periods of time |
|
|
Debunking myths
|
-Everyones not at danger - they have ideal victim types and are more prevalent in coastal states and urban areas
-FBI not always involved - many infamous offenders arrested by local LEOs -Not all come from abusive backgrounds, kill for sex, kill animals/set fires/wet the bed |
|
|
Macdonald Triad
|
-Fire setting, animal cruelty, enuresis (bedwetting) 5+
-Some empirical support for individual characteristics predicting future violence |
|
|
Act-focused vs process focused
|
-Act-focused: main thrill or goal is victim's death
-Process-focused: main thrill or goal is time leading up to death (torture, fear) [ex. Gacy brought victims near death then revived] |
|
|
Modus Operandi vs signature
|
-M.O.: steps offender takes to commit offense, will change over time as offender becomes more sophisticated, required to commit act
-Signature: unnecessary gesture unrelated to act, will not change over time, unrelated to actual act of homicide |
|
|
Organized vs disorganized
|
-FBI categories
-Characteristics of victim selection, act, body disposal -Organized: premeditated, targeted victims, brings own weapon and takes away, takes trophies of little $ value, removes/conceals body, ruses/disguises, more control [ex. Bundy] -Disorganized: spur-of-the-moment, random victim, impulsive, uses available weapon and leaves it at scene, no trophies but maybe body part of hair, does not conceal body, mentally ill, unlikely to own transportation [ex. O'Toole] -Not all characteristics in one category or other, can be mixed and show signs of both |
|
|
Visionary killer
|
-Psychotic
-May see visions, hear voices -"Told" to kill (demons, angels, God) -Ex. Joseph Kallinger, "Charlie" (floating head) gave him instructions, 3 murders -M: intrinsic (extrinsic may be argued by killer) G: psychological V: nonspecific, random, strangers M: act-focused, spontaneous, disorganized |
|
|
Mission killer
|
-Goal-oriented, get rid of "bad" or "undesirable" people
-Ex. Jack the Ripper and prostitutes, David Berkowitz and illegitimate children? -M: intrinsic G: psychological, sense of having "done right" and "making society better" V: specific types, random, strangers M: act focused, planned, organized |
|
|
Hedonistic killer
|
-Devoted to pleasure
-3 categories: lust, thrill, comfort -all include elements of pleasure, sometimes sexual pleasure -Most common type of killer portrayed in media |
|
|
Lust killer
|
-Hedonistic killer
-Ultimate goal is sexual gratification, addiction paradigm -Various sexual offenses along with it (penile or object penetration, necrophilia, sexual mutilation of the body) -Difficult for offender to stop -Ex. Jerry Brudos, the Shoe Fetish Killer -M: intrinsic (personal satisfaction) G: psych (sex fulfillment) V: specific types, targeted, strangers M: process focused, planned, organized |
|
|
Thrill Killer
|
-Hedonistic killer
-Gains sexual pleasure by terrorizing live victims (different from lust killer, whose pleasure is derived from the actual sex acts) -Once victim is dead, thrill is gone -No interest in the corpse -Ex. Bianchi and Buono, Hillside Stranglers, acids/chemicals/suffocation -M: intrinsic G: psych V: specific, stalked, strangers M: process focused, organized (fantasies of domination/control) |
|
|
Comfort Killer
|
-Hedonistic killer
-Kills to enjoy life, gain material possession -Common classification of female serialists -Different from other types of serialists because of instrumental gain -Ex. Richard Kuklinski, the "Ice Man", alleged hit man for the Gambino family, got paid -M: extrinsic (material) G: instrumental (money, goods, business) V: nonspecific, nonrandom, affiliative (may know them personally) M: act-focused, planned, organized |
|
|
Power/Control Killer
|
-Need for power and dominance, not necessarily sexual but can be
-Gratification from total control over victim, "ultimate life and death decision" -Ex. Doug Clark and Carol Bundy, severed and kept victim's heads -M: intrinsic G: psych V: specific, stalked, strangers M: process-focused, planned, organized |
|
|
Ed Gein
|
-Butcher of Plainfield, Wisconsin in 1950s
-2 murders (Bernice Worden and Mary Hogan), multiple grave robberies -H&H: no, FBI: yes -Dominant mother, Augusta, died of heart attack, home as shrine, grave robberies -"shrunken heads" shown to teens, gossip, robbery of local hardware store & disappearance of owner Bernice Warden, police pay Gein a visit -Police find women's body parts in home such as headless corpse of Warden hanging from ceiling, furniture made of skin and body parts -Body parts from 2 murder victims (Worden and Hogan) and rest from grave robberies -10 yrs in mental institution, not tried for Warden until 68 because found incompetent earlier, found NGRI, died at hospital for criminally insane -Disorganized (took body parts and mentally ill) |
|
|
Albert Fish
|
-1928-1934, NY
-Serial killer, cannibalism, sadomasochism -Grace Bud, 10, Billy Gaffney, 4 (not tried), Francis McDonnell, 8 (not tried), unknown others (possibly 15 killed and 100 mutilated) -Manual strangulation, clever, saw, knife -Roaming handyman and housepainter, married with children then divorced, hallucinations -1928: newspaper ad & Budd family, "Frank Howard" arrives, Grace disappears (he takes her to "a niece's birthday party) -1928-1934: various reports of the "Gray Man" (not much known, except for what he confessed to) -1933: anonymous letter to Grace Budd's mother with accurate details of crime (revictimized mother to bring himself pleasure), handwriting on Western Union Message matched (telegram about coming back for the brother), imprint on the back of the envelope used to get last known address -Confesses to police that he originally planned to kill Edward Budd, strangled, decapitated, and dismembered Grace's body, confessed to murder of Billy Gaffney (whipped, cut off ears and nose and dismembered, drank blood and ate body) -Told psychiatrists he had a history of preying on children, bizarre acts of sadomasochism, believed God told him to torture and castrate little boys -Found to be legally sane, 10 day trial, verdict took less than 1 hr and sentenced to death -Organized killer (ruse) but also mentally unstable so kind of mixed |
|
|
John Wayne Gacy
|
-Approx 1972-1978, Des Plaines, IL
-29 bodies found under home and 4 in local river (33 males, 25 IDed, 8 no ID) -Serial killer, rape, torture, deception -Knife, ligature strangulation, suffocation -1968: convicted of forcible sodomy and sentenced to 10 years in prison but released on parole 2 years later (then sex crime parole violation) -Murders begin in 72 -74: starts business "PDM Contractors" -75: various social activities such as Pogo the clown -76: people start noticing that young men going missing (some of his PDM employees) -Based on his confessions: first murder went to bus station looking for sex, stabbed to death (self defense), buried in crawlspace, second murder strangulation (change in MO), then he gets more sophisticated, uses ruses and time between homicides shortens (1 per month from '76), begins choosing riskier victims (own neighborhood and employees) -Employee, Robert Piest goes missing, mother reports it, police contact Gacy (his hiring contractor) go to home and takes statement, uncovers Gacy's record and get search warrant for house (collect items, go to crawlspace and note odor and limes not bodies) -Can't make arrest because no direct evidence, put on surveillance and then arrest him on pot -3 missing boys were his employees, ring found in home belonged to a missing person, Gacy admits 1st murder in self defense, indicates he buried him under garage so police search crawlspace and find bodies -pled NGRI (claimed 2nd personality) but guilty |
|
|
Jeffrey Dahmer
|
-Approx 78-91, Milwaukee, WI
-Serial Killer, Power/control or Lust, victim mutilation, sex acts, cannibalism, body parts retained (process focused) -17 young men and boys (approx 1/wk from May to July of 91) -Blunt force (1st murder), manual strangulation, ligature strangulation -Met victims in bars or on street, convinced to pose for pictures, drugged and strangled victims (necrophilia and masturbation onto dead victims), photographed them and cut open torsos, disposed of bodies with acids and chemicals (retained parts as trophies - disorganized trait along with depersonalization but also organized traits so mixed) -Addiction paradigm: couldn't stop, knew it was wrong -Wanted to dominate and keep them with him -May have been stopped (Konerak Sinthasomphone incident and box incident) |
|
|
Ted Bundy
|
-1974-78, various states
-Serial killer, rape, necrophilia, biting, overkill -Convicted of 3 in FL (Margaret Bowman, Lisa Levy, Kimberly Leach), admitted to 30, suspected of up to 100 -Strangulation, bludgeoning -Family troubles background, sister vs mother, psychopathic tendencies (theft, concealment of behaviors), suicide hotline, law school -Lynda Ann Healy: first victim in Jan '74, U of WA student disappeared with nightgown hanging in closet and blood on pillow -Then 7 more women went missing around WA, similar appearance and at night, reports of man nearby with VB bug, struggling with books, with cast, introduced self as Ted -Remains of Janice Ott and Denise Naslund found then Melissa Smith and Laura Aime, release sketch of "Ted" and former gf IDs him but not suspect yet -Nov '74: "Officer Roseland" and attempted murder of Carol DaRonch of UT (she escaped and reported to police, blood evidence collected), later that night Debby Kent of UT disappears -Jan of '75: Caryn Campbell disppears on vacation in CO (more bodies found) -In Aug of 75 Bundy pulled over at gas station, burglary tools found in car (crowbar, mask, rope, handcuffs, wire, ice pick), he is arrested on suspicion of burglary, police connect him to DaRonch kidnapping and Kent disappearance, friend of Kent IDs him in lineup -Feb '76: tried in UT, guilty of agg kidnapping of DaRonch and sentenced to 1-15 yrs, transferred to CO in 77 for trial of murder of Campbell, fires lawyer and intends to rep self, while researching escapes out of open window but captured days later -Escapes again through jail ceiling to attached apartment and headed to FL -Chi O: Jan '78, 2 women murdered, 2 wounded at Chi O at FSU. Lisa Levy was beaten, raped, strangled, bites to butt and nipples, sex assaulted with hairspray bottle, Margaret Bowman no sex assault or bites, strangled with pantyhose, beaten resulting in exposure of brain tissue -Last victim: Kimberly Leach, Feb 78 in Lake City, 12 yrs old, found 8 weeks later [Professor Dekle] -Bundy captured in Pensacola in Feb 78, pulled over in stolen car, fought but subdued -Tried for Chi O murders, repped self, and for Leach murder, hired defense counsel |
|
|
Danny Rolling
|
-1990, Gainesville, FL
-Incarcerated for 8 years, robbery -Attempted homicide of James Rolling and actual of Grissom family (3 victims) in LA -Arrives in Gainesville Aug 19, 1990 moves to campsite off Archer then murders begin Aug 23 -Williamsburg Village, Apt 113, Victim 1: Sonja Larson, 17 murdered upstairs in the bedroom, Victim 2: Christina Powell, 17 murdered downstairs in living room, Rolling enters through rear door on 2nd floor with duct tape, K-Bar knife and taurus pistol, sees Powell asleep on couch, walks upstairs and binds Larson, stabbed and slashed, section of right thigh excised, posed nude, supine on bed with legs spread (only female victim not raped), then goes downstairs, sexually assaults Powell, stabs her, excises nipples post mortem, cleans her and poses the body -Apartment near Archer and 34th, observed Christa Hoyt leave, snuck into apt and hid behind bookshelf, attacked when she returned, sexually assaulted her, stabbed through back, nipples removed and torso sliced post mortem, rolling left and returned to remove head (placed on bookshelf) and posed her seated on bed -Gatorwood apartment on Archer, Apt 1203, stabbed Manuel Taboada while sleeping, fought back, only victim not undressed and stabbed through clothing and not moved/posed postmortem (evidence suggests he was incidental kill to get to Tracy), killed Tracy Paules in bedroom, stabbed in back, dragged to hallway, evidence of sodomy, cleaned with towel left under body, soap residue -Rolling robs a Winn Dixie in Ocala and taken to jail, tooth extraction/DNA evidence, campsite tape all lead to him -Rolling pleads guilty and executed |
|
|
Aileen "Lee" Wuornos
|
-Nov 1989- Nov 1990, North FL along highway 19, I4, I75
-Serial killer, comfort killer, theft, victim-blaming -7 adult male victims, ages 40-65 -.22 caliber handgun -Raised by grandparents, absent mom and abusive grandpa, pregnant at 14, dropped out of school and started hitchhiking, prostitution, married old millionaire at 20 but spent it all and moved to FL at 24 where she met Tyria Moore and kept prostituting -Killed along highways and robbed the men, personal effects missing, gunshot wounds from .22, bodies found along highway in woods, witnesses saw 2 females -Police found RV rental records of Tyria Moore, thumbprint traced to Wuornos pseudonym, surveillance at "the Last Resort" in Daytona led to arrest and charged with illegal poss of firearm (Moore used to extract murder confession) -Trial for Richard Mallory murder, 1st victim, self-defense claim of attempted rape on her, found guilty of premed felony murder and sentenced to death, outburst in court -Pled no contest to 3 other murder charges and given 3 more death sentences then 2 more in 92 -Suspected retrial for Mallory death because of history of his sex violence but volunteered for death (dropped appeals) |
|
|
Death investigation cases
|
-Unusual, unexplained, or suspicious circumstances
-Deaths of inmates not hospitalized -Death of persons in custody -All poisoning deaths -All cases of homicide |
|
|
Cause of death
|
-What process or event led to death
-Bio cause -Ex. stabbing, strangulation, drowning |
|
|
Manner of death
|
-Why the cause of death happened
-Can only be 1 of 5: suicide, homicide, accidental, natural, undetermined |
|
|
Postmortem Interval (PMI)
|
-Calculate estimated time since death
-Cannot know for sure so it is an interval -Body signs may give clues: rigor mortis, livor mortis, algor mortis |
|
|
Algor Mortis
|
-"Coldness of death"
-Postmortem cooling of body -Body loses approx 1 to 1.5 degrees an hour -Formula: 98.6 minus current temp divided by 1.5 = approx hours since death (assumes normal start temp) -Environmental temp matters |
|
|
Rigor Mortis
|
-"Stiffness of death"
-Postmortem stiffening of muscles -Begins immediately upon death throughout body but visible first in smaller muscles like jaw and fingers -Full rigor at hour 6-24 after death (shorter in hot environment, longer in cold) -Passes around hour 24 -If break rigor and it comes back it has been less than 24 hours |
|
|
Livor Mortis
|
-"Color of death"
-Color of skin where blood settles within capillaries -Dark around contact point and white at contact point -Blanchable (turns white when pressed then back to red like sunburn): less than 24 hrs since death vs Fixed: more than 24 hours -Can be used to see if body has been moved |
|
|
Forensic entomology
|
-Study of insects
-Insects arrive on corpse in predictable pattern -Life cycle of an insect may help to estimate victim's time of death |
|
|
Serial Murder Phases
|
1. Fantasy
2. Stalk (depersonalization may occur in this phase) 3. Abduction 4. Kill 5. Disposal -May not have all phases for each offender or for each kill -The more phases, the more organized the killer |
