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HOME :: TRANSPORT & MACHINERY :: MARITIME TRANSPORT

Home :: Transport & Machinery :: Maritime Transport

by sacride9, Oct. 2010

Subjects: maritime merriam naval transport webster

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430 Cards in this Set

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galley	Warship with a sail and oars that was used in ancient times; it disappeared in the 18th century.
trireme	Warship used by the Romans with a ram, a sail and three vertical rows of oars.
longship	Sailing ship used by the Vikings during the Middle Ages; it had square sails, oars and a prow and stern that were usually sculpted.
galleon	Large warship with sails that was used by the Spanish in the 17th and 18th centuries for trading with the colonies.
caravel	Fast ship with three or four masts; it was used especially in the 15th and 16th centuries for exploration.
side-wheeler	Ship used in the 19th century that was propelled by steam, which turned two paddle wheels.
dugout canoe	Light boat used in Africa and Oceania that is made from one piece of wood and is propelled by a paddle or a sail.
outrigger canoe	Dugout canoe that is stabilized by one or two outriggers.
junk	Boat used in the Far East for fishing and transporting cargo; its sails are made of matting or canvas and are stretched by battens.
felucca	A Mediterranean boat of ancient times that was propelled by a sail or an oar; it is still found today on the Nile.
gondola	Venetian boat characterized by raised curved ends and steered by an oar.
canoe	Light boat used by Native Americans; it is propelled by a paddle and is used for transporting people and cargo.
sails	sections of durable fabric that are sewn together and mounted on a mast; they create a surface that causes a boat to move when the wind blows against it.
rigs	Various combinations of sails that distinguish one sailboat from another.
masting and rigging	Masts, yards, ropes and other movable sailing equipment that support and manipulate the rigging.
sails	A sailboat’s sails that are rigged on the bowsprit, the foremast, the main masts, the jiggermast and between these masts.
container ship	Ship that is designed for transporting cargo in containers in its hold and on its deck.
bulk carrier	Ship for transporting raw dry materials, such as grain, coal and ore.
hovercraft	Propeller vehicle that moves above water (or land) by gliding on a cushion of air it creates by blowing downward.
drill ship	Ship for drilling for oil in deep water (half mile or more); it is more mobile but less stable than a drilling rig.
tug	Boat propelled by powerful engines that is used to tow boats and other floating craft to help them maneuver or to rescue them.
ice breaker	Boat that opens up a navigable passage through ice.
tanker	Ship with large reservoirs for transporting liquid petroleum products.
trawler	Fishing boat that tows a large funnel-shaped net (trawl).
cabin cruiser	Pleasure boat of various sizes and speeds with a cabin fit to live in; it can navigate the sea and inland waterways.
motorboat	Part of the deck for relaxation; it is surrounded by a handrail.
houseboat	Motorized pleasure boat for navigating inland waterways; it is characterized by a long deck and a cabin fit to live in.
ferry boat	Compartment from which the pilot operates the boat.
passenger liner	Large cruise ship, fitted like a luxury hotel and with diverse recreation facilities for passengers.
hydrofoil boat	Fast boat with foils, which lift and support the hull above water when cruising speed is reached.
Hydrochlorothiazide	HydroDiuril®; Microzide	Diuretic
examples of anchors	The weight and the shape of the arms of anchors are designed to hook onto various bottoms (such as firm, loose or reedy).
life-saving equipment [1]	Instruments and equipment for signaling a boat’s presence and for saving people from drowning.
life-saving equipment [1]	Instruments and equipment for signaling a boat’s presence and for saving people from drowning.
life-saving equipment [3]	Instruments and equipment for signaling a boat’s presence and for saving people from drowning.
sextant	Optical instrument for measuring the angle between a heavenly body and the horizon to determine the ship’s position.
liquid compass	Instrument with magnets that floats on a liquid; it indicates magnetic north.
depth finder	Device that uses a sonic pulse to measure the depth of water below the boat.
satellite navigation system	Device that uses radio signals transmitted by a network of satellites to plot a boat’s position and course on a chart.
lighthouse	Tower with a powerful lamp at the top for guiding ships.
lighthouse lantern	Powerful lamp that projects an encoded beam.
pillar buoy	Floating beacon with a pylon-shaped superstructure.
cylindrical buoy	Floating beacon with a cylindrical superstructure.
high focal plane buoy	Floating beacon whose light is especially high above the surface of the water.
high focal plane buoy	Floating beacon whose light is especially high above the surface of the water.
buoyage regions	The color of the buoys that indicate starboard and port is the opposite in various parts of the world.
cardinal marks	Buoys of standardized colors, topmarks and lights whose placement alone or in a pattern corresponds to the divisions of a compass.
daymarks (region B)	System B combines lateral and cardinal marks. It is the opposite of system A, in which starboard marks are red and port marks are green.
rhythm of marks by night	Lights that shine at night; their color and the frequency of their flashing signal various meanings, including the source of the light.
masting and rigging [1]	masts, yards, ropes and other Movable sailing equipment that support and manipulate the rigging.
masting and rigging [2]	Masts, yards, ropes and other movable sailing equipment that support and manipulate the rigging.
masting and rigging [3]	Masts, yards, ropes and other movable sailing equipment that support and manipulate the rigging.
masting and rigging [4]	Masts, yards, ropes and other movable sailing equipment that support and manipulate the rigging.
masting and rigging [5]	Masts, yards, ropes and other movable sailing equipment that support and manipulate the rigging.
canal lock	Structure with a lock-chamber that can be filled with water or emptied to raise or lower a ship from one water level to another.	canal lock: side view
harbor	Site for refueling and repairing ships, loading and unloading cargo and embarking and disembarking passengers.
poop	Structure above the aft deck that extends athwartships; it usually serves as officers’ quarters.
gaff sail boom	Horizontal yard articulating on a mast; it keeps the bottom edge of a sail taut.
lift	Rope connecting two yards of a sail and used to maneuver them.
gaff	Diagonal yard aft of a mast and supporting the top part of a gaff sail.
oar	Long piece of wood that is broad and flat at one end; it is mounted on the boat and pulled by one or more people to propel the boat.
topping lift	Rope that holds the sail’s gaff loosely in place.
steering oar	Oar at the back of the ship acting as rudder.
jiggermast	Mast located aft on the four-masted bark.
figurehead	Sculpted timber on the prow of a ship in ancient times that depicted a human, a god or a mythical creature.
pole	Tapered top end of a mast.
stempost	Main timber reinforcing the prow.
yard	Long pole that is supported by the mast and holds up the edge of a sail.
funnel	Tall pipe atop the engine that evacuates the steam and the combustion smoke.
footrope	Rope hanging along the entire length of a yard that is used by sailors to trim the sails.
paddle wheel	Wheel with blades that propels the boat; it is driven by a steam engine.
fore-topmast	Mast that is immediately above a lower mast and carries a topsail.
lateen yard	Long inclined pole that is supported by the mast and rigged with a triangular sail.
masthead	Topmost section of a mast that is sometimes doubled with the lower section of the mast supporting it; the stays and shrouds are attached to it.
mast	Tall pole that is sometimes slightly inclined; it supports the lateen yard.
fore-topgallant mast	Mast above the fore-topmast that carries a topgallant sail.
mizzenmast	Mast on the stern of the boat.
fore-royal mast	Mast above the fore-topgallant mast that carries a royal sail.
mainmast	Principal mast that is fixed approximately in the center of the boat.
lower mast	Bottom section of a mast that is solid and thick so it can support the upper sections.
foremast	Mast nearest the prow of the boat.
top	Platform at the top of the lower mast from which the upper rigging can be manipulated.
batten	Rigid pole inserted into the sail’s batten pockets to maintain its shape.
davit	Skid hanging over the edge of the ship that supports a boat and is used to lower and raise it.
rudder	Submerged component that pivots on a vertical axle and is used to steer the boat.
lifeboat	Boat for transporting passengers and crew in the event of shipwreck.
outrigger boom	Wooden pole connecting the outrigger to the hull.
bulwark	Part of the hull above deck level that protects against waves and serves as a parapet.
outrigger	Piece of wood parallel to the hull that stabilizes the boat.
bobstay	Rope counterbalancing the tension caused by the stays and the staysail-stays on the bowsprit.
hull	Part of the boat’s structure that forms a watertight vessel.
bowsprit	Mast extending before the stem; additional jibs can be attached to it.
prow ornament	The iron prow is characteristic of gondolas; it symbolizes the pointed caps of the doges and the districts of Venice.
stem	Main timber reinforcing the prow.
gaff sail	Trapezoidal sail that is rigged entirely aft of the mast; its top edge is supported by a diagonal yard called a gaff.
staysail-stay	Stay supporting a staysail or jib
ram	Timber jutting out in front of the prow usually at water level; it was used to punch holes in the hulls of enemy ships.
spritsail	Trapezoidal sail that is rigged entirely aft of the mast and is supported by a long, diagonal yard, called a sprit; it articulates at the bottom of the mast.
stay	Taut rope between a mast and another point on the masting; it secures and supports the mast fore of it.
stern	Rear end of a ship.
lug sail	Trapezoidal sail that hangs from a yard; it is attached to the mast one-third of the way from its end.
stay	Rope strung tautly from the top of the mast to the planking to stabilize the mast.
main sail	Lowest square sail on the mainmast.
Bermuda sail	Triangular sail that is also called a Marconi sail; its longest side is attached directly to a tall mast and its base is attached to a pole called a boom.
main lower topsail	Square sail above the main sail.
lateen sail	Triangular sail supported by a long tilted yard called a lateen yard; it is attached to the mast in its middle.
foresail	Lowest square sail on the foremast.
square sail	Trapezoidal sail that hangs from a yard; it is attached to the mast in its middle.
lower fore topsail	Square sail above the foresail.
rigs	Various combinations of sails that distinguish one sailboat from another.
inner jib	Very heavy triangular staysail that lies farthest aft on the bowsprit.
square sail	Trapezoidal sail that hangs from a yard; it is attached to the mast in its middle.
middle jib	Triangular staysail that lies between the outer jib and the inner jib.
brig	Two-masted ship with a foremast and a mainmast and square sails; a spanker can be added to the mainmast and three jibs to a bowsprit.
outer jib	Triangular staysail that lies between the flying jib and the middle jib.
brigantine	Two-masted ship that is lighter than the brig and rigged differently.
flying jib	Very light triangular staysail that is foremost on the bowsprit.
mainmast	One of the principal parts of the ship; it is located closest to the center of gravity.
upper fore topsail	Square sail between the lower fore topgallant sail and the lower fore topsail.
foremast	Mast nearest the prow of the boat.
lower fore topgallant sail	Square sail between the upper fore topgallant sail and the upper fore topsail.
backstay	Long taut rope between the mast and the deck; it secures and supports the mast athwartships and aft.
upper fore topgallant sail	Square sail below the fore royal sail.
shroud	Heavy taut rope between a mast and the side of the ship; it secures and supports the mast on the sides.
fore royal sail	Small square sail at the top of the foremast above the fore topgallant sail.
side	Longitudinal surface of the ship.
main upper topsail	Square sail between the main lower topgallant sail and the main lower topsail.
schooner	Two-masted ship with a foremast and a mainmast; it has gaff sails and topsails and sometimes a staysail.
main lower topgallant sail	Square sail between the main upper topgallant sail and the main upper topsail.
Marconi cutter	Fishing boat with a tall mast and one gaff or Bermuda sail; it has two jibs and a small mast aft of the tiller.
main upper topgallant sail	Square sail under the main royal sail.
ketch	Two-masted pleasure sailboat; it has a mainmast and a mizzenmast fore of the tiller, which distinguishes it from the cutter.
main royal sail	Small square sail above the topgallant sail at the top of the mainmast.
whale boat	Fishing boat propelled mainly by oars but sometimes fitted with one or two lug sails and a jib.
halyard	Rope for hoisting a sail or a yard.
sheet	Rope extending from the lower corner of a sail for trimming it with respect to the wind direction.
mizzen sail	The lowest square sail supported by the mizzenmast.
spanker	Gaff sail for the mizzenmast.
gaff topsail	Sail above a gaff sail and between the gaff and the top of the mast.
jigger topmast staysail	Triangular sail below the jigger topgallant staysail.
jigger topgallant staysail	Highest triangular sail among the sails rigged between the mizzenmast and the jiggermast.
mizzen royal brace	Rope that causes the yard supporting the royal sail to pivot around the mizzenmast.
mizzen topmast staysail	Triangular sail on the stay supporting the aft fore-topmast.
reef point	One of several short ropes attached along the reef band on both sides of the sail for tying up the reefed sail.
reef band	Reinforced horizontal strip of canvas; a part of the sail can be gathered and tied to it to reduce the sail’s wind surface.
crew quarters	Compartments for housing crew members.
chart room	Office in which charts and other navigation documents are kept.
radio antenna	Metal conductor that emits and receives radio waves for communications.
lifeboat	Boat used for evacuating people from the ship in case of emergency.
compass bridge	Covered glassed-in platform from which officers and crew navigate the vessel.
radar	Detection device that emits radio waves and receives their echo; it is used to avoid collisions and to navigate when visibility is reduced.
stack	Tall pipe atop the engine that evacuates the steam and the combustion smoke.
anchor-windlass room	Opening made in a ship’s bulwark or deck for the anchor chains and lashings.
forecastle	Section of the forward deck for storing equipment such as chains and anchors.
masthead light	Lamp projecting a strong light several miles ahead and to the sides of the ship.
container hold	Large compartment under the deck where containers are stowed.
derrick	Metal structure erected over an oil well; tools for drilling through rock are raised and lowered through it.
dynamics propeller	Device that is made up of blades integrated with a shaft; it pushes air behind the hovercraft thus causing a forward movement.
navigation light	Lamp that is visible from afar to signal the hovercraft’s presence.
air intake	Intake opening for the fan.
radar	Detection device that emits radio waves and receives their echo; it is used to avoid collisions and to navigate when visibility is reduced.
bow door	Door for passengers to enter and exit the cabin.
control deck	Compartment from which the pilots operate the hovercraft.
skirt finger	Flexible and pliable extension to the skirt that adapts to the surface of the water.
flexible skirt	Rubber flexible side that surrounds the edge of the hull to trap the air blown down by the lift fan; this increases pressure, which in turn causes lift.
life raft	Inflatable boat that transports passengers and crew in case of emergency.
baggage racks	Compartment for storing luggage.
drive shaft	Part transmitting the engine’s rotational movement to the propellers.
rudder	Pivoting part behind the propeller blast for steering the hovercraft.
propeller duct	Metal part that surrounds the propeller and increases its power by concentrating its air intake.
blade lift fan	Device blowing air downward under the hovercraft to keep it levitated.
passenger cabin	Compartment where the passengers sit during the trip.
belt drive	Flexible link transmitting the engine’s rotational movement to the propellers.
lift-fan air inlet	Duct through which air enters, which is then blown downward under the hovercraft by the blade lift fan.
diesel lift engine	Power source using the combustion of an air/fuel mixture to drive the blade lift fan.
diesel propulsion engine	Power source using the combustion of an air/fuel mixture to drive the propellers.
propeller	Device with blades integrated onto a shaft that is driven by the engine to provide thrust and thus impel the ship.
rudder blade	Part of the rudder that receives the thrust from the propeller in order to steer the boat.
wheelhouse	Cabin that houses the pilot and the navigation instruments.
rear propeller	Screw driven by a powerful engine to propel the ice breaker.
stem propeller	Screw that pulls up water from under the ice sheet to weaken its support thus making it easier to break and move.
stem	Reinforced part of the boat’s prow that crushes the ice with its weight and then pushes it aside to open a channel.
trawler	Fishing boat that tows a large funnel-shaped net (trawl).
rear propeller	Screw driven by a powerful engine to propel the ice breaker.
stem propeller	Screw that pulls up water from under the ice sheet to weaken its support thus making it easier to break and move.
stem	Reinforced part of the boat’s prow that crushes the ice with its weight and then pushes it aside to open a channel.
davit	Winch that manipulates the anchors.
radar mast	Mast with a radio-wave detection device (radar set) used to prevent collisions when visibility is reduced.
guardrail	Railing along a ship’s deck that protects crew from falling overboard.
separator	Device that removes any water that might contaminate the oil tanks.
radio antenna	Metal conductor that emits and receives radio waves for communications.
mooring winch	Motorized spool around which a mooring cable is wound.
crossover cargo deck line	Thick pipe that runs transversally and is used to fill and empty the tanks.
bitt	Metal cylindrical fittings attached to the deck for fastening mooring ropes and tow lines.
air relief valve	Device that allows air to escape as oil fills the tanks to displace it.
tank hatch cover	Watertight door that provides access to a tank.
foremast	Mast located near the bow of the deck that supports the navigation lights.
main deck	Flat top that seals the hull and protects the cargo; it provides space for crew to circulate and for auxiliary equipment.
wall side	Vertical part of the hull below the water line.
foam monitor	Pressurized mechanism that produces foam for extinguishing fires.
derrick mast	Short thick mast that supports the derrick.
bulb	Bulge in the bottom part of the stem that reduces the hull’s water resistance.
transverse bulkhead	Wall that divides the hold across the width thus demarcating the tanks.
lengthwise bulkhead	Wall that divides the hold along the length to demarcate the tanks.
engine control room	Compartment housing the instruments that monitor the ship’s movement and control the engines and other machinery.
pump room	Compartment housing the machinery that pumps the oil in and out of the tanks.
center keelson	Metal girder that runs along the ship’s longitudinal axis to reinforce the bottom of the hull.
web frame	Metal reinforcement that spans the hull transversally.
tank	Watertight reservoir; the hold is divided into several tanks to prevent sloshing.
handrail	Railing serving as support for the passengers.
sundeck	Part of the deck for relaxation; it is surrounded by a handrail.
outboard engine	Detachable engine mounted on the boat’s stern.
steering whee	Wheel for steering the engine and hence the boat.
windshield	Front sheet of glass and plastic protecting the pilot from the wind and splashing.
handrail	Railing serving as support for the passengers.
fore and aft passage	Passageway on the deck that connects the bow and the stern.
pilot house	Compartment from which the pilot operates the boat.
compass bridge	Covered glassed-in platform from which officers and crew navigate the vessel.
heating/air-conditioning equipment	Machinery that regulates the cabin’s temperature and humidity.
telecommunication antenna	Multipurpose antenna that receives and transmits various signals such as video, telephone and digital.
car deck	Compartment where the vehicles are parked in such a way as to keep the ferry balanced.
restaurant	Compartment where meals are prepared and eaten.
folding ramp	Retractable door that lowers onto the quay to load and unload vehicles.
bow loading door	Door for loading vehicles; another is located aft for unloading cars.
stabilizer fin	Small pivoting winglike flaps on each side of the hull to reduce the rolling motion.
porthole	Waterproof glassed-in opening in the hull that lets natural light and air into the ship.
promenade deck	Open deck for strolling that is sometimes glassed in.
quarter-deck	Open part of the main deck at the aft end.
stern	Rear end of a ship.
lounge	Area with a counter and tables where alcoholic drinks are sold.
gymnasium	Large room for playing indoor sports.
playing area	Fenced-in area for playing ball sports.
swimming pool	Large basin designed for swimming.
hall	Large basin designed for swimming.
bow thruster	Propeller on each side of the stem bulb for maneuvering the ship to port or starboard at slow speeds.
starboard hand	Right side of the ship when looking forward
anchor-windlass room	Opening in the hull for the ship’s anchor chains and towropes.
stem bulb	Bulge in the bottom part of the stem that reduces the hull’s water resistance.
captain's quarters	Lodgings for the captain located aft of the bridge on the starboard side.
bow	Foremost part of the ship.
port hand	Left side of the ship when looking forward.
compass bridge	Covered glassed-in platform from which officers and crew navigate the vessel.
open-air terrace	Outdoor platform that is formed from the roof of the deck below and is protected by a guardrail.
sundeck	Usually the highest and sunniest deck with a pool and lounge chairs.
funnel	Long vertical pipe above the machinery evacuating exhaust gases from the engines, with filters for absorbing carbon particles.
open-air terrace	Outdoor platform that is formed from the roof of the deck below and is protected by a guardrail.
dining room	Hall for eating meals.
movie theater	Room for screening films.
cabin	Room that accommodates one or several passengers.
engine room	Room housing the engines, turbines and related machinery that propel the ship.
funnel	Long vertical pipe above the machinery evacuating exhaust gases from the engines, with filters for absorbing carbon particles.
open-air terrace	Outdoor platform that is formed from the roof of the deck below and is protected by a guardrail.
dining room	Hall for eating meals.
movie theater	Room for screening films.
cabin	Room that accommodates one or several passengers.
engine room	Room housing the engines, turbines and related machinery that propel the ship.
ballroom	Large hall with a dance floor for holding dances and balls.
front foil	Wing on each side of the prow.
propeller shaft	Long metal rod that transmits the motor’s rotational movement to the propeller.
strut	Vertical support that connects each foil to the boat’s hull.
surface-piercing foils	Parts that lift the boat when cruising speed has been reached; they also stabilize the boat.
life buoy	Ring made of buoyant material that is thrown to anyone who has fallen overboard to help them float.
stock	Transverse rod perpendicular to the shank; it positions the anchor so that its two arms grip the bottom of the water.
shank	Long straight rod forming the body of the anchor.
bill	Tip of the palm.
palm	Flat pointed part at the end of the arm; it sinks into the bottom of the water to grip it.
fluke	Broad part of the palm.
ring	Heavy ring through the eye at the end of the shank; the anchor’s cable or rope is attached to it.
hoisting ring	Small ring at the anchor’s center of gravity; a rope is attached to it, which is pulled to dislodge the anchor from the bottom of the water.
gravity band	Anchor’s center of gravity.
throat	Point where the arms meet the shank.
crown	Point at the end of the shank.
Clopidogrel Bisulfate	Plavix®	Hematological Agent
mushroom anchor	Anchor with a large crown instead of arms.
grapnel	Small anchor with four, sometimes folding, cruciform arms.
plow anchor	Anchor with a plow-shaped arm that pivots on the shank and hooks onto most bottoms.
sea anchor	Solid cone-shaped canvas sack that is dragged behind a boat to counter heaving and strong winds.
stockless anchor	Relatively light anchor with a pair of pivoting palms that fold along the shank.
stocked anchor	Relatively heavy and bulky anchor with a stock and two arms ending in palms.
life raft	Inflatable boat where passengers can take refuge in case of emergency.
buoyancy tube	Inflatable tube that serves as a hull to make the raft float.
inflation system	Device containing pressurized air that automatically inflates the buoyancy tubes when the life raft is launched.
canopy	Covering that automatically deploys to protect against wind, rain and spray.
boarding ladder	Nylon straps that form steps for climbing into the life raft.
life buoy	Ring made of buoyant material that is thrown to anyone who has fallen overboard to help them float.
retro-reflective tape	Tape that reflects light, making it easier to find a person in the water.
rope	Nylon rope that can be caught with the boat hook to hoist a person out of the water.
ring	Rigid buoyant circle that a person in the water slips under the arms.
life jacket	Buoyant vest filled with air or plastic foam that is used to keep a person afloat.
leg strap	Adjustable nylon belt that goes between the legs to prevent the life jacket from riding up.
belt	Nylon strap that adjusts to the wearer’s size to keep the life jacket in place.
buckle	Fastener with two elements that hook together and unfasten when pressed.
boat hook	Usually telescopic pole with a tip and a hook; it is used to maneuver a boat alongside quays, to hook an object and to fathom the bottom.
hook	Curved end for hooking a rope or fishing an object out of the water.
distress beacon	Device that automatically transmits a radio distress signal giving its precise position.
strobe	Lamp that produces an intense light from a gas, which glows between two electrodes.
antenna	Metal rod that emits the radio signal into the atmosphere.
fog horn	Instrument that makes a regulation sound when visibility is reduced to indicate the presence of a boat.
trumpet	trumpet Bell mouth that amplifies the sound emitted by a diaphragm when compressed air passes over it.
canister	Small container of compressed air.
drum	Thumbnail for turning the micrometer screw.
horizon shade	Colored glass that blocks certain rays in the light spectrum to filter out ambient light.
micrometer screw	Screw with a head graduated in minutes that is turned to set the index arm precisely.
vernier scale	Small graduated rule that slides along the ruler and is used to read very precise measurements.
graduated arc	Arc graduated in degrees; the observed angle measurement is read from it.
frame	Support for the various components of the sextant.
horizon mirror	Fixed mirror in front of the telescope; it is aimed at the horizon and the image of the Sun is projected on it.
index shade	Colored glass that blocks certain rays in the light spectrum to filter out ambient light.
telescope	Optical instrument that magnifies an observed object.
lens hood	Device attached to the telescope’s eyepiece that shields the eye from light coming from the source and from strong ambient light.
index arm	Moving arm on the sextant that measures the displacement angle on the graduated arc to determine the height of the observed heavenly body.
index mirror	Mirror integrated with the index arm that is positioned so that the Sun reflects on the horizon mirror.
index	Guide mark that helps to read the graduation marks on the arc.
pivot	Axle around which the compass card rotates.
sliding cover	Retractable cover that protects the glass dome from scratches when not in use.
bowl	Watertight case containing the magnetic elements, which float in a liquid (oil or alcohol) to reduce oscillations.
compass card	Rotating disk graduated from 0° to 360° and integrated with two magnets; it shows the cardinal points and the points in between.
glass dome	Transparent nondistorting hemispherical cover for the bowl containing the liquid.
alarm threshold setting	Knob for setting the maximum depth considered to be dangerous.
alarm threshold display button	Button that is pushed to display the alarm threshold value.
gain control	Knob for adjusting the amplification of the signal.
on-off switch	Button for activating the sounder and for selecting the scale.
sound alarm	Audible signal activated when the alarm threshold is reached.
dial-type display	Display surface where an illuminated dot appears at the point on the scale that corresponds to the depth.
depth scale	Line graduated in feet or meters for reading the distance to the bottom.
echo sounder probe	Part of the sounder that is submerged to send the ultrasound to the bottom; it receives the echo and converts it into sound.
transmission cable	Electric wire that relays the electric signals between the housing and the echo sounder probe.
plug	Metal prong that plugs into the housing.
transducer	Part of the echo sounder probe that emits the ultrasound and receives its ech
bracket	Support fixed onto a surface that holds the display.
display	Liquid crystal display screen on which graphics or text data are displayed.
GPS receiver-antenna	External antenna and GPS receiver that receive radio waves from satellites to calculate the boat’s position.
tower	Concrete structure that forms the lighthouse’s body; it is resistant to waves and very strong winds.
gallery	Narrow platform with a guardrail that provides a panoramic view from the lighthouse.
lantern pane	Framed panes of glass that protect the lantern and support the cupola.
lantern	Powerful lamp that projects an encoded beam.
cupola	Roof protecting the lantern; it is equipped with a lightning rod.
housing	Case enclosing and protecting the device’s mechanism.
lamp base	Metal end of a lightbulb inserted into a socket to connect it to the electric circuit.
dioptric ring	Concentric glass rings surrounding the lantern that refract its rays to intensify them.
incandescent lamp	Lamp in which a filament heated by an electric current produces light rays.
ventilation hood	Part that allows excess heat to escape from the lantern.
conical buoy	Floating beacon with a cone-shaped superstructure.
light	Encoded light beam that serves as a navigation aid at night.
photovoltaic panel	Device that converts solar energy into electricity to power the light.
daymark	Navigation aid that is visible by day only; it displays various colors and signage.
mooring chain	Long, very sturdy chain that links the buoy to the sinker.
sinker	Heavy object often made of concrete; it rests on the bottom of the waterway to keep the buoy in place.
bridle assembly	Two chains that link the flotation section to the mooring chain.
flotation section	Lightweight base that keeps the buoy afloat and upright.
superstructure	Metal frame that forms the buoy’s body and contains all its elements.
topmark	Metal cone-shaped part atop a buoy that serves as a navigation aid during the day; its position signifies various meanings.
ladder	For accessing the components at the top of the tubular structure.
tubular structure	Columnar part of the superstructure that supports the day- and nightmarks and keeps them above the water.
daymark	Navigation aid that is visible by day only; it displays various colors and signage.
ladder	For accessing the components at the top of the tubular structure.
tubular structure	Columnar part of the superstructure that supports the day- and nightmarks and keeps them above the water.
daymark	Navigation aid that is visible by day only; it displays various colors and signage.
radar reflector	Metal part that reflects ships’ radar signals so they can locate the buoy.
starboard hand	Right side of the ship when looking forward.
port hands	Left side of the ship when looking forward.
North	The north cardinal mark is composed of two topmarks with both tips pointing upward.
white light	White flashing light whose flash pattern serves as a cardinal mark at night.
West	The west cardinal mark is composed of two topmarks placed tip to tip.
safest water	Navigable water is deep enough that it is safe to proceed.
South	The south cardinal mark is composed of two topmarks with both tips pointing downward.
danger	Buoys signal shallow waters, a submerged object or an object posing a hazard to a boat or a ship.
East	The east cardinal mark is composed of two topmarks placed base to base.
topmark	Metal cone-shaped part atop a buoy that serves as a navigation aid during the day; its position signifies various meanings.
lateral mark	Red or green buoy that indicates the port or starboard limits of the channel.
safe water mark	Buoy signaling that the water is navigable.
secondary channel	Navigation lane with beacons that is longer or more difficult than the preferred channel.
preferred channel	Navigation lane with beacons; it is the shortest and safest way to a harbor or for navigating near a coast or through a waterway.
isolated danger mark	Buoy marking an isolated danger zone beyond which the waters are navigable.
East cardinal mark	Buoy with two base-to-base topmarks that is placed to the east of a danger zone.
South cardinal mark	Buoy with two topmarks pointing downward that is placed to the south of a danger zone.
pillar buoy	Floating beacon with a pylon-shaped superstructure.
conical buoy	Floating beacon with a cone-shaped superstructure.
spar buoy	Long tubular buoy used in harbors and in waters that have no tides.
part hand	Mark the ship must keep on the left side of its prow as it navigates a channel.
West cardinal mark	Buoy with two point-to-point topmarks that is placed to the west of a danger zone.
special mark	Buoy marking an area that is regulated for a specific use (such as military exercises or fishing) or contains submerged obstacles (such as cables or pipelines).
starboard hand	Mark the ship must keep on the right side of its prow as it navigates a channel.
interval	Duration between two periods at which time the light remains dark.
period	Duration between two intervals at which time the light signals.
light	The light’s color and brightness vary during the period as a function of the type of light.
darkness	No light.
lock filling and emptying opening	Holes through which the water flows in to fill the lock-chamber or out to empty it.
upper gate	Watertight door or pair of doors made of wood or metal that open when the water levels between the lock-chamber and the upper level are the same.
lock filling intake	Holes through which the water flows to fill the lock-chamber.
ladder	Ladder fixed to the side wall for climbing up out of and down into the lock-chamber.
miter gate recess	Indentation in the side wall into which a gate fits when open.
lock filling and emptying system	System consisting of a conduit with sluices alongside the side wall and perpendicular conduits on the canal bed that together raise and lower the water level in the lock.
canal bed	Thick concrete base that makes up the lock’s foundation.
lock emptying system	Conduit that evacuates the water from the downstream side causing the water level in the lock-chamber to go down.
approach wall	Wall along the side wall that guides ships into the lock.
lower gate	Watertight door or pair of doors made of wood or metal that open when the water levels between the lock-chamber and the lower level are the same.
line hook	Piece of wood or metal attached to the side wall for securing the rope that holds a ship in place while it is in the lock-chamber.
side wall	Wall forming one side of the lock-chamber and supporting its doors.
bulk terminal	Area with installations and equipment to store, sort and handle bulk items, such as ore and coal.
customs house	Structure where inspection and legal operations related to imported and exported cargo are carried out.
parking lot	Area for parking vehicles.
office building	Structure where personnel who administer the port work.
road transport	Transportation of cargo by truck on public roads.
cold shed	Insulated refrigerated structure for storing perishable foodstuffs.
bridge	Structure consisting of a girder and posts that rolls along tracks moving containers.
terminal railway	Railroad tracks leading onto a wharf for transshipping containers from a ship to a car or vice versa.
ramp	Slope leading from the wharf to the level of the water.
dock	Enclosed basin where ships take on and unload cargo.
floating crane	Dock crane that is mounted on a floating movable platform and often used for carrying heavy cargo.
grain terminal	Area with installations and equipment for storing, sorting and handling grain.
dry dock	Dock where water is pumped out so that a ship’s hull can be repaired, cleaned or painted.
dock crane	Crane that rolls along rails the length of the wharf and uses a moving arm to load and unload cargo in forms such as container, bulk and break bulk.
wharf	Structure for docking ships so that passengers can embark and disembark and cargo can be loaded and unloaded.
transit shed	Warehouse located near the wharf for temporarily storing cargo.
gate	Waterproof device that closes a dock.
silos	Very large, usually cylindrical, reservoirs for storing products in bulk, especially grain.
canal lock	Structure with a lock-chamber that can be filled with water or emptied to raise or lower a ship from one water level to another.
container-loading bridge	Cantilevered gantry crane along the quay for loading and unloading containers.
container ship	Ship that is designed for transporting cargo in containers in its hold and on its deck.
lighthouse	Tower with a powerful lamp at the top for guiding ships.
passenger terminal	Structures and facilities where passengers embark and disembark ships.
tanker	Ship with large reservoirs for transporting liquid petroleum products.
oil terminal	Area with installations and equipment to store petroleum products and load them into tankers.
container terminal	Area with installations and equipment to store, sort and handle containers.
ferryboat	Shuttle boat for carrying vehicles with their cargo and passengers.
tanker	Ship with large reservoirs for transporting liquid petroleum products.
oil terminal	Area with installations and equipment to store petroleum products and load them into tankers.
container terminal	Area with installations and equipment to store, sort and handle containers.
ferryboat	Shuttle boat for carrying vehicles with their cargo and passengers.