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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
concentration gradient
the difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance
equilibrium
the state in which the distribution of a substance is even throughout a region
diffusion
the movement of a substance from a region where its concentration is higher to a region where its concentration is lower
osmosis
the movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution
phospholipid
made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids
carrier protein
transports specific substances across a cell membrane
receptor protein
binds to a signal molecule, enabling the cell to respond to the signal molecule
lipid bilayer
a double layer of phospholipids that is the foundation of a biological membrane
signal
anything that carries information between cells, serving to direct or warn
sodium-potassium pump
type of carrier protein that uses active transport to take sodium ions out of the cell and bring potassium ions into the cell
second messenger
acts as a signal molecule in a cell's cytoplasm