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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy
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*examines STRUCTURES/morphology
of body parts forms and organizaiton * greek for cutting up *anatomists rely on examination |
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Physiology
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* considers FUNCTIONS of body parts
*greek for relationship to nature *physiologists rely on experimentation |
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Levels of Organization
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1.subatomic particles 2.atom
3.molecule 4.macromolecules 5.organelle 6. cell 7. tissue 8. organ 9. organ system 10.organism |
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Organelle
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a structure or compartment in cells
that houses the biochemical reactions that carry out a specific function |
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Cell
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structural and functional unit
of an organism |
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Organelles composed of
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assemblies of large molecules
*proteins *lipids *carbohydrates *nucleic acids |
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Tissue
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group of similar cells
assembled into layers that have a specific/specialized function |
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Organ
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group of special yet different
tissues formed to create a specific complex function |
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Organ system
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groups of organs functioning
close together |
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Organism
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an individual living thing
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Metabolism
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sum of all chemical reactions
in cells that use or release energy |
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Which chemical and physical events
constitute metabolism? |
ingesting, digesting, absorbing,
and assimilating nutrients in food |
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What are the environmental
factors needed to maintain human life? |
1.Water- transports substances, regulates body temperature
2.Food- supplies necessary nutrients to organisms 3. Oxygen- releases energy from nutrients, used to drive metabolic process 4. Pressure- application of force on an object or substance, important role in breathing |
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Homeostasis
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bodies maintenance of a stable
internal environment (required most of our metabolic energy) |
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Homeostatic Mechanism
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1. Receptors- provide information
molecule or cell 2. Control center- SET POINT, target point of a physiological measure maintained automatically in body 3. Effectors- muscle or glands, elicit responses that alter conditions within the body |
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Negative Feedback
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Corrects the deviation from the set point when it is moved in a negative or opposite direction in our internal environment
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Example of Neg Feedback
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Hypothermia, temp drops, hypothalamus senses, triggers body to start heat conserving/generating measures, constricting blood vessels in extremities, starts involuntary muscle reaction-shivering
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Positive Feedback
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Process by which changes (neg feedback) cause additional similar changes (same direction), producing unstable conditions
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Examples of Pos Feedback
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Blood loss occurs by a tear in blood vessel, pos feedback accelerates the cellular flow crating a clot at the site of the tear
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