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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define fermentation
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The process whereby yeasts convert the natural sugar in the grapes into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
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Acid is...
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a natural component of wine responsible for the zesty, refreshing qualities of wine. It also helps the wine to age.
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Tannin is...
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a compound derived from the skins, seeds, and stems of the grapes and from the barrels.
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What makes wine taste the way they do?
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The variety of grapes used
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The complete wine making process includes:
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crushing, pressing, fermenting, aging, sulphiting and bottling.
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_____is the science and study of winemaking, differentiated from _____which is the study of grape growing.
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Enology...viticulture
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How are wines categorized and sold?
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geography
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What is meant by grape variety?
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The different kinds of grapes- the different species of grapes.
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The two categories of attributes that distinguish each grape variety from the next are?
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Personality traits and Performance factors
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____are the characteristics of the fruit itself.
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Personality Traits
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_____refer to how the grapevine grows, how its fruit ripens.
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Performance Factors
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Personality traits include:
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skin color, aromatic compounds, acidity levels, thickness of skins and size of berries.
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Performance Factors include:
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how much time a variety needs to ripen, how dense and compact the bunch of grapes are, how much vegetation a variety tends to grow.
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Quality-oriented wine estates feel that there is a difference between viticulture and agriculture. In what way?
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Agriculture seeks standardization, uniformity, high yield, and consistency on a large scale, whereas viticulture wants to utilize the vineyard to influence, aroma, flavor, body, and finish
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Factors such as___,___,___,___,___and___are some of the ways in which a vineyard represents a powerful, animate ecosphere.
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climate, soil, grape variety, clone, rootstock and spacing
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These elements have a profound influence on
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aroma, bouquet, body and finish.
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____is a term broadly used to describe a wine’s smell.
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Aroma
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____is a more complex smell that a wine acquires after aging.
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Bouquet
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____is the perceived weight of a wine in your mouth.
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Body
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____is the impression that a wine leaves in your mouth.
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Finish
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It’s the____in the pulp of a grape that’s crucial to vinification, since it will be converted to alcohol.
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sugar
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The____is largely responsible for the wine’s aroma, and flavor, as well as its____and ____.
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Skin...color and tannin.
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Before a bunch of grapes can be called wine, several essential attributes to consider include:
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alcohol, acid, tannin, fruitiness and sweetness or dryness.
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Alcohol affects the____, as well as the texture.
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body...texture
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is an equilibrium among the components of a wine such that no one characteristic stands out.
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Balance
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____is the most important element in the pulp, other than water and sugar, even though there’s not much present.
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Acid
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Wines that lack acidity are susceptible to____and do not ____well.
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spoilage...age well
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Tannins belong to a class of compounds called____and come from the____and the____of a grape berry.
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phenol...skin...seeds.
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When in harmony, tannin is ‘sensed’ as the wine’s____and____.
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structure and backbone
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Grapevines thrive in____regions were long, warm,____periods allow then to develop.
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temperate...frost-free
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Why is flowering critical?
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So grapes can form
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33. Perhaps the most intriguing aspect of any climate is the impact of____and____on grapes.
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hillsides and mountains
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When viticulturists achieve balance in their vineyards, they have a balance between___and___
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vigor and fruitfulness
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Leaves are critical because …?
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The sugar that the leaves produce goes into the grapes.
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Dry soil encourages the roots to …..?
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Burrow deeper into the earth where they find a more stable environment of moisture and nutrients.
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37. Most viticulturalists today believe that the most important soil factor is its...
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capacity to drain water.
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Terroir
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Total impact of any given site: temperature, climate, weather, sun exposure, soil, rainfall, wind. Total environment of vineyard including soil, climate, and location.
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The way the vines are____, ____and____are just as important as the grape variety and climate.
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pruned, trellised and spaced
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Why is lifting the vines up and spreading the canopy along wires important?
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To get more direct sunlight.
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Why is the spacing of vines important?
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To limit the number of grape clusters produced and bring vines into better balance. The closer together, more roots compete for the same soil, nutrients and water.
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What was is phylloxera?
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Plant lice that feasts on the roots of the grapevines.
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Racking
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A method of clarifying a wine by siphoning or pumping off solids and pouring it into a different, clean barrel and aerates the wine.
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Identify the nine classic wine varieties.
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WHITE: Chardonnay
Chenin Blanc Reisling Sauvignon Blanc Semillon RED: Cabernet Sauvignon Merlot Pinot Noir Syrah |
