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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Epithelial Tissue
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the free surface of the skin
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Columnar Epithelial Tissue
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elongated, longer than they are wide- located in uterus, various organs of digestive system, and passage of respiratory system
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What is the most complex tissue in the body?
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Nerve Tissue
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What is the Arrector muscle?
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fastens to follicle and is responsible for goose bumps
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How many bones are in the body?
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206
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What is Osteology?
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the study of the structure of bone.
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What is bone made up of?
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inorganic mineral salts (calcium and phosphorus being most prevalant) and organic substance called ossein
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What is the hard outer shell of the bone called
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Compact bone
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What is the inner spongy, porous portion of the bone called?
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cancellous tissue
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What is the center of the bone called?
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Medullary canal- contains marrow
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What are the ends of the long bones called?
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Articular Cartilage
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What is the thin outer membrane surrounding the bone called?
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Periosteum
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What bones are classified as long bones?
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Femur and humerus
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What bones are classifed as short bones?
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Wrist and ankle bones
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What bones are classified as flat bones?
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skull, sternum, and scapula
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What bones are classified as irregular bones?
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vertebrae, mandible, and pelvic bones
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How many bone classifications are there?
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4- logn bones, short bones, irregular bones, and flat bones
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What does the axial skeleton consist of?
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skull, vertebral column, and thorax
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How many bones make up the skull?
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28
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How many bones make up the cranium?
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8- most of which are pairs
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How many facial bones are there?
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14 stationary bones
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What are the 3 small bones in the auditory ossicles?
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malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup)
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The vertebral column consists of how many vertebrae?
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24 movable or true, plus the sacrum, and the coccyx
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How many carpal bones are in the wrist?
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8 arranged in two rows
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What bone is known as the innominate bone?
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the hip
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What are the parts of the innominate bone?
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ilium, ischium, and pubis
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What are the TMJ's formed by?
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temproal bone and the mandible
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What are the 3 jobs of muscles?
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Provide movement, maintain body posture, and provide heat
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What is it called when muscles respond to stimulus?
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excitability, or irritability
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What is the area of the external lips where the red mucous membrane ends and normal outside of skin of the face begins known as?
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Vermillion Border
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What is deglutition?
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the swallowing of food and involves a complex and coordinated process
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What is plasma?
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the liquid part of blood
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What percent of whole blood is plasma?
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55%
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Red Blood Cells
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Erythrocytes, live only about 100-120 days in the body
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White blood cells
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leukocytes
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Platelets
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thrombocytes
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What is the membranous sac that the heart is enclosed in?
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pericardium
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What are the smooth surfaces of the heart and pericardium lubricated by?
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pericardial fluid
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What is the inner surface of the heart lined with?
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endocardium
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What is the heart muscle?
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myocardium
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What does the lymphatic system do?
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helps defend the tissues against infections by supporting the activities of lymphocytes.
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What do lymphocytes do?
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give immunity, or resistance to the effects of specific disease causing agents
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What does the Central Nervous System (CNS) consist of?
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brean and spinal cord
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What are meninges?
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3 layers of membranes that cover the outside of the brain and spinal cord
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The spinal cord is continuous with what and extends through where?
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continuous with the medulla oblongata and extends from the foramen magnum through the atlas to the lower border of the first lumbar vertebrae.
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What branches out from the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
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the peripheral nervous system
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How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
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12
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How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
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31
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What is the 1st Cranial nerve and what does it do?
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Olfactory- sensory- sense of smell
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2nd cranial nerve and function?
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Optic-sensory- vision
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3rd cranial nerve and its function?
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Oculomotor-motor- eye movements
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4th cranial nerve and its function?
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Trochlear-motor-eye movements
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5th cranial nerve and its function?
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Trigeminal-mixed-sensation of the forehead and face and clenching of jaw
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6th cranial nerve and its function?
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Abducens-motor- eye movements
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7th cranial nerve and its function?
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Facial-mixed- face muscles
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8th cranial nerve and its function?
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Vestibulocochlear (acoustic)-sensory- controls hearing and balance
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9th cranial nerve and its function?
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Glossopharyngeal-mixed- sensation from upper mouth and throat
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10th cranial nerve and its function?
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Vagus-mixed- control of roof of mouth, vocal cords, and tone of voice
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11th cranial nerve and its function?
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Accessory- Motor- turning of head side to side and shoulder shrug
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12th cranial nerve and its function?
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Hypoglossal-motor- muscle activity of tongue
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Hypothalamus
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structure in the brain that synthesizes chemicals that are secreted to the pituitary gland to release hormones and help regulate body temperature
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Pituitary Gland
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small, pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain in the sella turcica- depression of the sphenoid bone
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Thyroid gland
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shaped like a butterfly, lies in the anterior part of the neck, below larynx. Secretes the iodine containing hormoe thyroxin
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What are the cells in the endocrine portion of the pancreas called?
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islands (islets) of Langerhans
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How long is the alimentary canal (tract)?
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9 meters in length
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What does the alimentary canal include?
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mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine
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The small intestine has how many contiguous parts?
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3
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What are the 3 contiguous parts of the small intestine?
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duodenum, jejunum, ileum
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How long is the ileum?
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3.5 meters (12 feet long)
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What digestive juices does the pancreas produce?
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amylase, proteinase, lipase
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How long is the epididymis?
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6 meters long
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