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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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spinal cord disability from birth
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congenital, spina bifida
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spinal cord condition gets worse over time
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degenerative, multiple sclerosis
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traumatic spinal cord injury
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diving accident
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injury of T1 and above
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quadriplegia
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injury of below T1
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paraplegia
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need repirator and otherassistance for vital functions, injury affects every body system, may be fatal at time, or later
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C 1-3
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have traps and diaphragm, use sip and puff mouthpiece
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below C 4
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have delts and some biceps, some rhomboids, may be able to feed self, needs help for dressing, bathing
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C 5
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highest injury one can have and still have some independence, rotator cuff, some lats, can transfer, drive, push wheelchair
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C6, landmark
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have triceps, can wheelchair transfer, pushup
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C7-8
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total hand use, some difficulty with sitting balance, lack some intercostals use and trunk musculature, so have trouble with diaphragmatic breathing
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T 1-5
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can walk with crutches or braces, but only if very fit
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T 6-12, landmark
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have hip flexors and adductors, can walk with braces
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L 1-3
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have hamstrings, some ankle and foot. Weak knee flexion. Can walk awkwardly
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L4-S2
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congenital spinal cord inury, not progressive. spinal cord is exposed, protrudes. occurs in first trimester. neural tube defect, does not close completely usually is in lumbo-sacral region
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spina bifida
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type of spina bifida, spinal cord protrudes through an opening in the back and is on the surface covered only by a membrane. most serious and most common
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myolmeningocele
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type of spina bifida, opening in the back, spinal cord remains below the surface, although exposed. surgery required
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meningocele
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opening in the backbone, but covered by skin and is not visible to the eye. might never be diagnosed
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occulta
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for spina bifida, what does walking and weight baring help?
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prevent osteoporosis
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85% of children with SB have what?
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hydrocephalus, due to improper circulation and accumulation in brain. shunts release fluid pressure
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scarring of myeline sheath, degenerative condition, more T cells that normal that attack myelin sheath
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Multiple sclerosis
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sometimes this is misdiagnosed as Lou Gherigs disease ALS (Athero Lateral Sclerosis)
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Mult sclerosis
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1. plaue forms around nerve
2. destruction of myelin sheath 3. partial blockage of nerve 4. scar tissue builds up 5. total bockage of nerve impulse |
MS
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non progressive condition of the developing CNS
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cerebral palsy
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90% occur pre or peri natally by anoxia
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CP
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most common single type of CP, more than half the cases, injuries to cerebral cortex, hypertonia (inc. musc tone), most common specific type of CP
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spasticity
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in CP 20% of cases are lesions in basal ganglia, hypotonia (dec. musc tone)
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dyskinesia, athetosis
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in CP, cerebellum, 10% have this which is poor sense of balance, kinesthesis
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ataxia
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< 5% have tremor
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rididity, rare and fatal
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most commpon overall type of CP
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mixed
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what % of epilepsy is idiopathic?
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70
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tonic clonic seizure (grand mal)
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scary, thrashing and drewling
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absence seizure (petit mal)
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may not notice, child spaces out for a few seconds
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high blood aldalinity
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favors seizures
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the leading chronic illness which causes school absence
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asthma
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extrinsic asthma
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allergic
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intrinsic asthma
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exercise induced, also emotion, stress, illness
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affects voluntary muscles, characteraized by progressive weakness
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muscular dystrphy, Duchenne MD
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cause of MD
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absence of dystrophin, a protein that helps keep mucle cells intact
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legally or educationally blind
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20/200 or worse
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partially sighted
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between 20/70 and 20/200
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blindness at birth, have more problems
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congenital
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not hereditary, accidental or acquired
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adventitious
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increased pressure
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glaucoma
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fogging of lens
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cataracts
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near, far sighted
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length of eye
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shape of eye
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astigmatism
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detached retina
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retrolental fibrofasia
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excessive motion in eyeballs
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nystagmus
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field dependence and independence,background color
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figure ground
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peripheral vision
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divergence
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occurred before age 3, before much language learned
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pre lingually deaf
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physical obstruction, infection in middle ear, eardrum damage
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conductive
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damage to inner ear or sensory receptors, difficulty with speech, distorted sounds, cause-genetics, rubella, infection
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sensorineural
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brain tumor, auditory cortex, hearing loss, no understanding
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central (CNS)
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inner, middle, outer ear, combination of conductive and sensory neural loss
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mixed
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spine curves from side to side
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scoliosis
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spine curves forward in humpback shape
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kyphosis
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spine curves forward, swayback
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lordosis
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