Hiv Aids

Front 1

Five Classess of HIV Drugs

Back 1

1.Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
2. Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
3. Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcrpiptase Inhibitor
4.Protease Inhibitor
5. Fusion Inhibitor

Front 2

This Drug was FDA Approved in 1987 and inhibits reverse transcriptase. It can be used for Prevention of maternal-fetal HIV transmission.

Back 2

zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT, ZDV)

Front 3

This drug is given at 100 mg 5x a day, and tratment begins at 14-34 weeks to prevent ransmission of HIV to fetus.

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ZDV

Front 4

Newborns are given oral administration of ZDV ___mg/kg q6h for first __ weeks of life beginning at 12 hours of age

Back 4

6 mg/kg / 6 weeks

Front 5

Side effects of this drug are: GI intolerance, fatigue or weakness, fever, chills, sore throat, seizures, anemia, muscle pain, lactic acidosis, hpatomegaly, hpatic seatosis

Back 5

Prototype: zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT, ZDV)

Front 6

What class of drug does tenofavir (Viread) belong to?

Back 6

Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Front 7

What class is Prototype: zidovudine (retrovir, AZT, ZDV)?

Back 7

Nucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitor

Front 8

This drug differs structurally from NRTIs which helps to circumvent acquired drug resistance.

Back 8

tenofavir (Viread)

Front 9

What class of drug does prototype: neviropin (Viramune) belong to?

Back 9

Nonnucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitor.

Front 10

This HIV drug was FDA approved in 1996

Back 10

neviropin (Viramune)

Front 11

This drug is never used as a monotherapy. (always in combination with other with other antiretroviral drugs)

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neviropin (Viramune)

Front 12

Side effects of this drug include: rash (can be severe), headache, elevated LFTs, sores or ulcers in mouth, muscle pain.

Back 12

neviropine (Viramune)

Front 13

What is the standard HIV test called? What test confirms all positive screenings?

Back 13

ELISA standard enzyme-linked immunoassay, Western Blot serologic test.

Front 14

What class of drug does the Prototype: saquinavir (invirase Fortovase) belong to?

Back 14

Protease inhibitor

Front 15

Which HIV drug was FDA approved in 1997?

Back 15

saquinavir (Invirase Fortovase)

Front 16

This drug inhibits protease, a process occurring late in viral replicaton; cuases the production of immature, noninfectious viral particles.

Back 16

saquinavir (Invirase Fortovase)

Front 17

This drug's side effects include: nausea, vomiting, m9outh ulcers, abdominal pain, rsh, weakness, headache, increased blood sugar in daibetes mellitus

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saquinavir (invirase Fortovase)

Front 18

Which class of drug does enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) belong?

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Fusion inhibitor

Front 19

Which drug inhibits the fusion of HIV-1 with CD4+ T-lymphocytes?

Back 19

Fusion inhibitor (Fuzeon)

Front 20

Which drug's side effects include: rash, headache, nubmness in feet or legs, dizziness, insomnia

Back 20

Fusion inhibitor (Fuzeon)

Front 21

Which drug costs $20,000 per year?

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enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)

Front 22

Which drug is only for use in patients with drug-resistant HIV infection?

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enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)

Front 23

What is the treatment called with you use two or three drugs from more than one class of drugs?

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HAART or ART (Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy)

Front 24

Which treatment requires patients to take nearly 100% of prescirbed doses?

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HAART or ART

Front 25

In this type of treatment, drug resistance is is one of the most significant threats to effective therapy, and can result if drug doses are skipped.

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HAART or ART

Front 26

Side effects of this therapy can be troublesome

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HAART or ART

Front 27

In HAART therapy CD4+ cell count is monitored to assess progress. What is the normal CD4+ cell count?
What does the cell count have to be to make the patient vulnerable to oppornusitic invections and cancers?

Back 27

Normal 800-1200 mm3

Vulnerable below 200 mm3

Front 28

In HAARt viral load is also monitored. What is the goal?

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To have undetectable viral load.

Front 29

According to the CDC AIDS means HIV positive and CDF cell count that is below ____ or an AIDS- defining _________

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CD4 cell count below 200mm3 or an AIDS-defining opportunistic infection

Front 30

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:

Protazoal/fungal infection

Back 30

Pneumocystis carinni (or jiroveci) pneumonia

Front 31

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
Mouth Ulcers, Vaginal Yeast infection

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Candidiasis

Front 32

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
Loss of vision, GI upset, N/V, weight loss

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Cytomegalovirus

Front 33

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
Parasite, Infects brain and eye

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Toxoplasmosis

Front 34

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
Oral, genital, recatl lesions, esophatitis, encephalitis

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Herpes Simplex

Front 35

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
Caseous Necrosis, "Consumption", Nancy mentioned that "this is the reason that this disease was close to erradicaiton, but newly emerged with strenght and new strains"

Back 35

Mycobacterium Tuberculolsis

Front 36

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
Fungal-fever, malaise, headache, cough

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Cryptoporidiosis

Front 37

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
red-blue blotches or nodules in mouth or viscera, rarely seen in women

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Kaposi's Sarcoma

Front 38

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
Fungal, flu-like symptoms

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Histoplasmosis

Front 39

Common Opportunistic Infections: Name the infection based on the description of clinical manifestations:
Mental illness, chemical addiction, hepatitis B and C

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Possible comorbities

Front 40

What is the chance that you will get AIDS from a needlestick injury?

Back 40

0.33%

Front 41

What is post exposure prohylaxis (PEP) (it is institution specific however this is mentioned as an example.

Back 41

4 weeks of zidovudine plus one other medication from a different class.

Front 42

Why are "Gentile" males not as well protected from HIV as the "Jewish" males?

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Circumcision Baby!!

Front 43

Do two people who have HIV have to use a condom?

Back 43

Yes, they could make a Frankenstein virus with the mixing of their viruses!

Front 44

As of 2006, what is the life expectancy of someone with AIDS?

Back 44

24 years

Front 45

What's the average cost of of HIV meds anually? Lifetime?

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$25,200
$618,000

Front 46

Waht percentage of new infections are transmitted by those whit undiagnsed disease?

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50%

Front 47

Since AIDS epidemic, how many have died?

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450,000

Front 48

About 900,000 currently live with HIV, about 40,000 new infections occur each year. In 2008, 56000 new infections. ____ %unaware of infection.

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25%

Front 49

Life expectancy in developing nations is about ______ years

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8-10

Front 50

Once infected and seroconversion occurs what happens to viral replicaiton?

Back 50

It dramatically declines for a time, due to immune response.

Front 51

What type of symptoms do most patients infected with HIV develop?

Back 51

Flu-like

Front 52

When do symptoms usually appear after infeciton?

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days to weeks, and last usually fewer than 14 days.

Front 53

What percentage of thos infected with HIV experience some symptoms, initially?

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90%

Front 54

Can a test detect HIV at the very early stages of infection?

Back 54

No

Front 55

In order for HIV to be detected serocoversion must occur. How long does this take?

Back 55

8-10 weeks